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Topics of D iscussionMaterial and defect knowledgeNDT Methods
used for Inspection ofComposite materials Focus on Ultrasonic and
Bond TestingDamage AssessmentTest StandardsTraining
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In t roduct ionComposite Materials have been used inaircraft
since the early daysFiberglass, Aluminum core materials on DC-9 and
727 AlCNew programs such as 787 and the JSFhave heighten the need
for testing ofCompositesNDT of Composites is still a
relativelyunknown area
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What a re Composite M a teria lsA composite material by
definition is thecombination of two or more materials.Example: Clay
= Straw and BrickReal World Examples Fiberglass Corvette Body
(E-Glass and resin) Carbon Bicycle Frame (Carbon and resin)
Laminate and Bonded AlC materials
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M a te ria l Know ledgeDefects: SamplingDelaminations:
Separation of the layers of material in alaminate, either local or
covering a wide area.Disbond/Unbond: An area within a bonded
interfacebetween two adherents in which adhesion failure
orseparation has occurred.Porosity: A condition of trapped air, gas
or vacuum within asolid material.Crack: An actual separation of
material visible on oppositesurfaced of the part, and extending
through the thickness. Afracture.
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Sandw ic h S tru c tu reDl Delamel1am Core Crush
Disbond n~ J . 4 J . 4 IIIII, J I I I !1 1UDelam
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N O T M ethodsVisual Inspection: Using the eye alone or in
conjunctionwith aidsUltrasonic Testing: Most Common NOT Method for
theinspection of CompositesBond Testing: Single sided Bond Testing
utilizing PitchCatch or Resonance testing modesTap Testing: Oldest
and simplest method of Bond Testing.Viable method, Need to
understand limitations
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Dam age A ssessm en tDelam
"DiSbondT TII III -I I . i I I J ! I i I IIJ!IiII~
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Dam age A ssessm en tDelam
"DiSbondI I I Ir ,..-~~ III -r~ ~~ I I . i I I J ! I i I I~ ~ ~
IJ!IiII~
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Tes t S tandard sS ta n d a rd s s h o u ld repre s en t th e pa
r t u n d e rtes t : M a n u fa c tu r in g M e th o d M a te r ia
l
S ta n d a rd s s h o u ld c o n ta in in d u c ed flaw s th a
trepre s en t type o f d efe c t s o u g h t.In s o m e ca s e s th
e pa r t c an be u s ed a s th ete s t s ta nd a rd
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