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A preview of the Africa Energy Yearbook 2011
Citation preview
IIIAfrica Energy Yearbook 2011
Contents
Acknowledgment I
The Power of PolicyThe ACP-EU Energy Facility: improving access to modern energy services for rural and peri-urban areas 1The Energy Facility Team, Water and Energy Facility Unit, European Commission: EuropeAid
Ecosystems for Total Energy Access: unlocking the virtuous circle of energy, growth and employment 7Steven Hunt, Senior Energy Consultant, Practical Action
Approach to investing in Africa- the ‘elephant in the room’ 11Neil Upton, Partner, Greenberg Traurig Maher
Is nuclear power a critical and timely option for Africa electricity production? 13Latsoucabé Fall, Regional Manager: Africa, World Energy Council
Recolonizing Africa on the power grid 19David McDonald, Professor of Global Development Studies, Queens University, Canada
Practical Power Renewable Energy for African Cities and Towns 23Ralph Sims, Professor of Sustainable Development, Massey University, New Zealand
Renewable energy policy developments and hold ups in South Africa 29Lucy Baker, School of International Development, University of East Anglia
Energy Management and Sustainability: the Revoluform 33Khalil Elahee, Lecturer, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mauritius
Developing a sustainable sub-Saharanelectricity sector starts with quality training - 37an opportunity for new partnerships?Christine Heuraux, Director, Access to Energy Division, EDF
Renewable energy feed-in tariffs 43Andrew Gray, Partner, Gowlings (UK) LLP
Rural electrification in Africa: strategies for progress 47Simon Rolland, Secretary General, Alliance for Rural Electrification
The Power of ClimateClimate change and energy poverty in Africa 51Teodoro Sanchez, Energy Technology and Policy Advisor, Practical Action
Climate finance – opportunities for project co-financing 55Guido Schmidt-Traub, Climate Change Advisor, Africa Progress Panel
A model for clean energy innovation in Africa 59Jonathan Coony, Climate Technology Program Coordinator, infoDev, World BankAlexander L. Alusa, Climate Change Policy Adviser, Office of the PM, Government of Kenya
Fueling DevelopmentBiofuels, rural development and food security 63Rodney Cooke, Director, Policy and Technical Advisory Division, IFADVineet Raswant, Senior Technical Advisor, Policy and Technical Advisory Division, IFAD
How the new developments in the gas sector can impact Africa's energy sustainability 67Latsoucabe Fall, Regional Manager: Africa, World Energy Council
Mitigating energy risk through bioenergy 75Meghan Sapp, Secretary General, PANGEA - Partners for Euro-African Green Energy
South African petroleum industry efforts to improve air quality 79Avhapfani Tshifularo, Executive Director, South African Petroleum Industry Association – SAPIA
Financing PowerElephants in the Room 83Dave Smit, Manager Structured Finance - Energy, FMO
Finding a sustainable power solution for Africa 87 Dario Musso, Senior Transactor, Rand Merchant BankDaniel Zinman, Senior Transactor, Rand Merchant Bank
Public-private partnerships and delivering transformational infrastructure projects 91 Pankaj Gupta, Manager, Financial Solutions Group, The World Bank Katherine C. Baragona, Senior Infrastructure Finance Specialist, The World Bank
Wind energy in Africa: a sustainable business? 95Youssef Arfaoui, Energy Expert and Senior Investment Officer, African Development Bank
Yearbook_2011_new_3 24/5/11 10:15 Page 3
IV Africa Energy Yearbook 2011
Contents
Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development
The tipping point 93Paul Eardley-Taylor, Head of Energy, Utilities & Infrastructure Coverage, South Africa & Africa, Standard BankNicholas Green, Analyst: Energy, Utilites and Infrastructure, Standard Bank
Banking on energy 103Power & Energy Team, ABSA Capital — With comments from, Omar Vajeth, Head of Power and Energy
Artists’ Biographies 107
DirectoriesConventional Thermal Generators 109Temporary Power 119Hydropower 124Wind 125
African Power ProjectsConventional Power Projects 127Temporary Power Projects 161Renewable Power Projects 162
African Power Investors 167
Index of AdvertisersAfrican Development Bank Inside front/back coverAndritz Hydro GbmH Outside back coverNorton Rose 6Greenberg Traurig Maher 10Mott MacDonald 27Vestas 28
Concentrix Solar (Soitec) 32
Gowlings (UK) LLP 42
Globeleq 46
International Development Corporation 50
Lucy Switchgear 78
FMO 82
Rand Merchant Bank 86
Nedbank 90
Fieldstone Africa 94
Swiss Investment Risk Insurance (SERV) 98
Proparco 102
Africa Finance Corporation 105
Futuremap 106
Wartsila 108
Caterpillar SARL 110
Aggreko Energy Rental South Africa (Pty) Ltd 117
Energyst 120
APR Energy 122
African Energy 126
Sofreco 168
London & Bamako - A Contemporary Art Exhibition 170
Index of images ‘Oops’ - Wangari Mathenge 5
‘Afternoon Walk With Gary In Haute Couture’ - Wangari Mathenge 45
‘Who Is The Girl I See Where I'm Supposed To Be’ - Wangari Mathenge 58
‘Red Guitar’ - Nyemike Onwuka 66
‘Funkadelic’ - Wangari Mathenge 73
‘Absolutely Fabulous’ - Wangari Mathenge 74
‘Even Caterpillars Want To Be Butterflies’ - Wangari Mathenge 77
‘Reunion I’ - Nyemike Onwuka 81
Yearbook_2011_new_3 24/5/11 10:15 Page 4
Introduction
Meeting the growing energy demand overthe long term and delivering cost-effective power supply solutions, in
harmony with the global and local climaterequirements would require secure, reliable,affordable, clean and sufficient energy supplies;and among them nuclear power (NP) is set as avaluable option.
Although NP is not an easy alternative energysource to develop and implement; manyuncertainties and hurdles are surrounding therelated industry. And for Africa to adopt NP, manycritical challenges should be addressed (political,technical, managerial, financing, humanresources, etc.). Thenceforth, the right questionsto answer in this article are:• What should be the place of Africa in the
global nuclear scene?• Is NP a compelling option for Africa’s
sustainable energy supply?• What are the obstacles and barriers to
roll out NP in Africa?• What are the key factors most responsive
to the needs of African countries to adopt NP?• What could be the right time-frame for
NP deployment in Africa?
1. Why Nuclear Power?
Until recently (i.e. before the Japanesenuclear crisis), NP had generatedconsiderable enthusiasm worldwide as acost-effective, reliable and climate friendlypower supply option, with the followingadvantages and intrinsic qualities:• Suitable for base-load power generation,
aiming at contributing to meeting countries’ growing electricity demand,while “decarbonizing” electricity production;
• Low carbon technology, suitable for GHG emissions reduction and allowing most developed and emerging economies to meet their national targets for CO2
emissions reduction;• Affordable, with low production cost per
kWh and offering cheap electricity prices toconsumers and industries;
• Stable fuel source, with low price volatility/ fluctuation;
• Capable of contributing significantly to ensuring a secure energy supply, with an increased energy diversity;
• Contributing significantly to reduce countries’ dependence on fossil fuels;
• High and proven reliability, high perform-ance record and high capacity factors;
13Africa Energy Yearbook 2011
Dr. Latsoucabé FALL is seniorexpert in the energy sector withabout 30 years of experience.
His knowledge embraces allaspects of the energy sector, andhis related experience extended inAfrica and worldwide.
He is currently World EnergyCouncil (WEC) Regional Managerin Africa and before that WECCoordinator for Africa. In theframework of these positions, he isplanning, managing and/or coordi-nating all WEC’s activities in Africa.
Dr. FALL has delivered severalinternational papers, technicalreports and presentations in theenergy sector, as author, consultantor expert.
Is nuclear power a critical and timelyoption for Africa electricity production?
Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development
The Power of Policy
Dr Latsoucabé FallRegional Manager: AfricaWorld Energy Council
Yearbook_2011_new_3 24/5/11 10:22 Page 13
29Africa Energy Yearbook 2011
Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development
Practical Power
0:05:00
Demystifying the complexities of SouthAfrica’s renewable energy policy in acontext of constantly moving goal
posts is an enormous challenge. Numerouspolicy uncertainties and delays still remainfor independent power producers (IPPs)waiting to construct and connect theirrenewable energy projects to the country’selectric grid. Despite intense interest fromIPPs and national and internationalinvestors over the past few years, not onerenewable energy power purchaseagreement (PPA) had been licensed at thetime of writing. Though greater clarity andhope has been provided by the imminentapproval of the country’s long-awaitedIntegrated Resource Plan (IRP 2010), whichcould result in 42 per cent of newgeneration capacity coming from renewableenergy up to 2035, increased uncertaintyhas now been created by the NationalEnergy Regulator’s (NERSA) RenewableEnergy Feed-in Tariff (REFIT) consultationpaper of March 2011 which proposes toreduce tariffs to replace those approved byNERSA in 2009 for REFIT phase 1 and 2.
In 2010 alone South Africa’s energypolicy arena witnessed a bewildering seriesof twists and turns, preceded in December2009 by President Jacob Zuma’scommitment as part of the CopenhagenAccords that the country would reduce itscarbon dioxide emissions by 34 per centbelow business as usual by 2020 and 42per cent by 2025. On 31 December 2009the Department of Energy (DoE) publishedits first Integrated Resource Plan (IRP1) forthe next three years- a mere three pages. InFebruary’s State of the Nation’s AddressPresident Zuma announced that anindependent system operator separate toEskom Holdings would be established. InFebruary and March 2010, NERSA soughtpublic comments on REFIT selection criteriafor which the final version, one year on, isstill pending. On 24 February 2010 NERSAannounced a price increase in electricity ofapproximately 25 per cent per year for thenext three years starting on 1 April 2010,swiftly followed by public outcry overpreferential tariff deals for energy intensiveusers that had been agreed before the end
of apartheid. Amidst great national andinternational controversy, the World Bank’sboard then approved a $3 billion loan forthe Medupi coal-fired power plant,alongside $260 million for Eskom’s SereWind Farm and Upington Solar Power Plant.The first draft of the long-awaited secondIntegrated Resource Plan (IRP 2010), whichis to shape the country’s energy mix for thenext 20 years, was released for publiccomment in May 2010 with public hearingstaking place in Pretoria in June. A seconddraft was released in October followed byanother set of hearings at the end of theyear. In September the DoE announced thatit was starting its procurement process forREFIT and released a ‘request forinformation’ for potential private developersof renewable energy projects intending toapply.1 Revised Electricity Regulations onNew Generation Capacity were released bythe DoE on 30 November 2010, makingsignificant changes to the previous version,approved a mere thirteen months before.The status of the country’s IntegratedEnergy Plan which is required annually bythe National Energy Act of 2008 and ofwhich the IRP is meant to be a subsetremains unclear. Meanwhile, the GreenPaper on the National Climate ChangeResponse was gazetted for public commenton 25 November 2010 by the Departmentof Environmental Affairs, followed by adiscussion document released for commentby Treasury on the introduction of a nationalcarbon tax.
South Africa’s director-general forelectricity, nuclear and clean energy OmpiAphane recently admitted that delays toREFIT were likely to result in South Africafailing to meet its renewable energy whitepaper target of 10 000 GWh of renewableenergy consumption by 2013.2 Yet credibleinterest in South Africa’s renewable energyindustry is vast, has the potential to form amajor part of national energy developmentand make significant contributions to keynational priorities on carbon emissionsreduction, job creation, energy access, ruraldevelopment, inward investment andregional energy development.
Lucy Baker is a PhD researcherin the School of DevelopmentStudies at the University of EastAnglia. She was a fellow with theInstitute of Security Studies in CapeTown during 2010. Her workingthesis title is ‘the governance ofclean energy in South Africa'. Priorto taking up her PhD Lucy workedfor seven years as researcher andpolicy officer with environment anddevelopment organisations. Herareas of expertise include: energygovernance in South Africa; theWorld Bank and energy sectorreform; climate change financing;and the environmental and socialpolicies of international financialinstitutions. Lucy holds an MSc inDevelopment Studies from theSchool of Oriental and AfricanStudies, University of London andundergraduate degree (MA Hons)in Hispanic Studies and Frenchfrom the University of Edinburgh.
Lucy Baker PhDSchool of InternationalDevelopmentUniversity of East Anglia
Fits and starts: renewable energypolicy in South Africa
Yearbook_2011_new_3 24/5/11 10:36 Page 29
59Africa Energy Yearbook 2011
Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development
The Power of Climate
Executive summary
The Government of Kenya and the WorldBank Group’s infoDev unit are workingtogether to pioneer a new model to help
transform energy and climate challenges intomarket opportunities leading to economicdevelopment and job creation. By supportingnew and existing skills sets – and especiallyby tapping countries’ entrepreneurial spirit –Kenya and other African countries can take amore pro-active and profitable approach toaddressing their own local challenges.
The Government of Kenya and infoDevhave designed and are now implementing theworld’s first Climate Innovation Center (CIC),to be operational in the second half of 2011.The CIC will support local capacity – targetingthe private sector – to develop profitable,innovative solutions to domestic clean energyand climate challenges through early stagefinancing, business advisory services,technology information, office and technicalfacilities, government policy advisory, small-scale grants, business-to-business brokeringand other services to promising local firms. Itwill be part of the larger Greening KenyaInitiative coordinated by the Office of thePrime Minister (OPM).
Innovative technologies and businessmodels are needed to solve the energy andclimate challenges of Africa where uniquecircumstances - including severe energyaccess problems, rich renewable energyendowments and uneven fossil fueldistribution – call for novel approaches. Localprivate sector, especially smaller companies,have unique skills and information and mustplay a key role to originate, develop anddeploy solutions addressing local conditions.
The Kenyan CIC will be first among severalof CICs in selected countries, with the goal ofmaking a global network. In Africa,development of CICs is now being pursued inEthiopia, South Africa, Rwanda and Morocco.Each CIC will follow a basic template thentailored to local needs. The global networkwill link the national CICs to allow forsynergistic innovation, shared experiencesand technologies, international business-to-business linkages, common knowledgeplatforms and global financing opportunities.
Jonathan Coony is theCoordinator for the ClimateTechnology Program at infoDev inthe World Bank Group. Previously,Jonathan was a Sr. EnergySpecialist at the World Bank wherehe led efforts to formulate strategyto accelerate energy technologiesfor partner countries; supportedseveral Investment Plans for theClean Technology Fund (CTF); andwas team leader of the ChinaTechnology Needs Assessment(TNA).
Before joining the World Bank,Jonathan worked five years at theInternational Energy Agency (IEA)in Paris where he led teams oncomprehensive country energy sec-tor reviews and published severalbooks on energy policy.
Jonathan holds an MBA fromINSEAD (France), and MS and BSdegrees in mechanical engineeringfrom Brown University (USA).
Jonathan In addition to this, heholds two patents in renewableenergy technology.*
Jonathan CoonyClimate TechnologyProgram CoordinatorinfoDevWorld Bank Group
A model for clean energy innovationin Africa
Alexander Alusa graduated fromOregon State University with aB.Sc. in Mathematics in 1969, andfrom State University of New Yorkat Albany with a M.Sc. inAtmospheric Science in 1971. Hehas worked in the East AfricanMeteorological Department in sev-eral roles and ultimately as DirectorKenya Meteorological Departmentin 1984-187. Late in 1989, hejoined the United NationsEnvironment Program as a ProgramOfficer responsible for the ClimateChange Impacts and ResponseStrategies Programme, responsiblespecifically for Climate ChangeConvention and its Kyoto Protocolnegotiations) 1989-2007. Since2007 he has been the ClimateChange Policy Adviser in the Officeof the Prime Minister, Kenya.*
*With special thanks to co-authors Anthony Lambkin(Project Lead, infoDev,World Bank Group) andJoseph Nganga (CEO,Renewable Energy VenturesKenya Ltd) for theircontribution to the article
Alexander L. AlusaClimate Change PolicyAdviserOffice of the PMGovernment of Kenya
Yearbook_2011_new_3 24/5/11 11:24 Page 59
63Africa Energy Yearbook 2011
Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development
Fueling Development
Biofuels divide opinion like few othertopics. A search on Google for “biofu-els and food crisis” results in over a
million pages. Many cite biofuel as thedemon, driving up food prices and takingup land and crops that could otherwisehave fed people at a time when a billionpeople go to bed hungry every day. Othersemphasise their potential as an energyoption that reduce greenhouse gas (GHG)emissions and therefore mitigate climatechange, by promoting the transition towarda low carbon economy. Almost as manypromote biofuel as a driver of developmentand an opportunity to reduce rural poverty– which in turn are drivers of improvedfood security.
Analyses of the causes of the 2007–08food price crisis identify biofuel productionas one of the culprits, but also recognise aplethora of other drivers, including a“perfect storm” of shifting consumptionpatterns, rising oil prices pushing up inputssuch as fertilizer, increased intensity andfrequency of extreme weather events andchanged climatic conditions, andspeculation on commodity markets (Oxfam2008). Much of the impact of biofuels onfood prices derives from the adoption ofpolices in the European Union and theUnited States that suddenly increaseddemand for biofuel (Ewing and Msangi2009) using food crops as feedstock.However, it is useful to ask: should thatblame rest on the product or the policiesthat were pursued in developing it?
Some 2 billion people around the worlddo not have access to modern energysupplies such as electricity and liquid fuels.In sub-Saharan Africa more than half abillion people do not have electricity intheir homes. They have to rely instead ontraditional biomass fuels – wood, charcoaland dung and the like. But using thesefuels is environmentally unsustainable andbad for human health. It has beenestimated that more than 1.5 milliondeaths each year in developing countries –mostly women and children – can belinked to the effects of cooking andheating homes with these “dirty” fuels.
Dr. Rodney Cooke has beenDirector of the Policy and TechnicalAdvisory Division of theInternational Fund for AgriculturalDevelopment (IFAD) since 2000.This Division’s role is to enhancethe quality of IFAD’s programmeand to ensure learning, networkingand knowledge sharing associatedwith the organization’sdevelopment activities.
Prior to joining IFAD Dr Cookewas Director of the EU-ACPTechnical Centre for Agriculturaland Rural Cooperation (CTA), TheNetherlands, from 1995 to 2000.He also previously worked in theUK Department for InternationalDevelopment, his last post beingDeputy Director of the NaturalResources Institute in charge of theResource Assessment and FarmingSystems Programme.
Dr Rodney CookeDirectorPolicy and TechnicalAdvisory DivisionIFAD
Biofuels, rural development andfood security
Vineet RaswantSenior Technical AdvisorPolicy and TechnicalAdvisory DivisionIFAD
Vineet Raswant (BScEngineering, MBA Finance) hasover 30 years experience in thedevelopment field and has ledmultisectoral missions designingdevelopment projects around theworld. He is currently a SeniorTechnical Advisor in the Policy andTechnical Advisory Division of theInternational Fund for AgriculturalDevelopment (IFAD) in Rome, Italy.In this capacity he is involved inreviewing all IFAD projects in theareas marketing, enterprisedevelopment, value-chaindevelopment and the involvementof the private sector, with a view toensuring that project designensures that developmentobjectives are met. He is alsosupervising a study onmainstreaming value-chaindevelopment in IFAD’s operationsand is spearheading an effort topromote and develop biofuels tobenefit the poor. Prior to workingwith IFAD, Mr. Raswant workedwith the World Bank and AmericanAirlines, formulating theirstrategies for investing funds forstaff retirement plans.
Yearbook_2011_new_3 24/5/11 11:24 Page 63
91Africa Energy Yearbook 2011
Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development
Financing Power
Public-Private Partnerships -recognizing the need for“shared opportunity and
shared risk”
The amount of project financingrequired to extend the reach ofinfrastructure services to all citizens
stretches beyond the budgetary means ofmost developing governments. OfficialDevelopment Assistance (ODA) funding,including World Bank Group commitmentsfor infrastructure, is expected to decline inreal terms over the next few years. Theprivate sector will need to play a moreprominent role in supporting solutions toinfrastructure deficits, and in most casesmay be even better positioned to providethe technology and skills that driveoperational efficiency. Yet, governmentswill need to stay engaged, as many of therisks associated with long-term investmentsare beyond the ability of the private sectorto manage. Leveraging public fundsthrough PPP investments will become morenecessity than nicety.
The world of PPPs hasexperienced dramatic shifts
Between 1990 and 2009, investmentcommitments to successful PPP projectsaveraged 1.2 percent of GDP in developingcountries—many times short of the needs.The geographic scope of private investmentin infrastructure has been relatively narrow,with almost 50 percent concentrated inMexico and the BRICs, and little progress inlow-income countries. Likewise, the sectoralscope of PPP projects has been limited, withalmost 50 percent in the telecommunicationssector. Overall private participation ininfrastructure (PPI) volumes have remainedrelatively steady in the face of the globalfinancial crisis, although this masks a flightto quality that appears to be hurting poorercountries most. This has placed greateremphasis on risk mitigation instruments. Incontrast, local markets have proven morerobust and liquid than the global financialmarkets, creating new opportunities tomobilize local currency financing for PPPs.
Mr. Gupta specializes in publicand private financing for powerand oil and gas projects. He hasbeen involved in numerous privateproject finance transaction thathave been supported by the BankGroup through both loans andguarantees. Most recently, he hasled the World Bank’s US$3.75billion loan to Eskom of SouthAfrica, structured risk mitigationinstruments for the $1.5 BillionNam Theun II Hydropower Projectin Laos. Since joining the WorldBank in 1996, Mr. Gupta has alsoclosed many key capital marketguarantee transactions notably inThailand, Colombia and Argentina.
Pankaj GuptaManager Financial Solutions Group The World Bank
Public-private partnerships anddelivering transformationalinfrastructure projects
Katherine C. Baragona Senior InfrastructureFinance SpecialistThe World Bank
Ms. Baragona is a senior bankexecutive / US lawyer / UK solicitorwith over 20 years of internationalpractice and experience. Sherecently joined The World Bank'sFinance, Economics and UrbanDevelopment Group in the role ofSenior Infrastructure FinanceSpecialist. A graduate of the UOP-McGeorge School of Law’s JDprogram in Sacramento, California,Kate also participated inMcGeorge's LL.M studies andinternship programs in Salzburg,Austria and London, England. Asan undergraduate, Kate studiedEconomics & Finance at St.Edwards University in Austin, Texas,and Graphic Design at LouisianaState University in Baton Rouge,Louisiana. Prior to joining TheWorld Bank, she held positionswith Richards Butler (in London &Brussels), Hunton & Williams (inBrussels & New York) and Citibank(in New York & London). Kate hasextensive work experience andtravel in Europe, the Middle East,Africa and Central Asia.
Yearbook_2011_new_3 24/5/11 12:25 Page 91
109Africa Energy Yearbook 2011
Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development
Directory
Company: A.E.Z S r.l.Head Office location: Crespellano, ItlayGenerator Type: Low/medium voltage powersolutionsFuel: Diesel/GasSize: up to 2000kVATop 5 African countries of operation:Contact: Beatrice TassiPosition: Sales ManagerTelephone: +39 051739099Email: [email protected]: www.aezitaly.com
Aksa Jenerator Sanayi A.SIstanbul, TurkeyPortable, marine auxiliary and Onan marinegensetsDiesel/Gasup to 2,500kVAAlgeria, Nigeria+90212 [email protected]
Ascot International Gela, ItalySingle/ dual-use gensetsDiesel10-1500kVA+39 0933 913003www.ascot-italia.it
Atlas Copco Ghana LtdAccra, GhanaPortable gensetsDiesel12-1250kVAGhana+233 (0)302 77 45 [email protected]
Atlas Copco Portable Air LtdAartselaar, BelgiumPortable compressors and generatorsDiesel12-1250kVAAngola, Botswana, Congo. D.R, Egypt, KenyaElsie Vestraets+3234506117elsie.vestraets@be.atlascopco.comwww.atlascopco.com
Autogen Technologies IncorporatedCounty Tyrone, Northern IrelandOpen-set, sound attenuated, standard or
be-spoke generatorsDiesel10kVA-4MW+442 887747500 [email protected]
Balton CP LtdWatford, UKHigh speed reciprocating enginesDiesel5kVA- 2,000kVAGhana, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal+441923 [email protected]
Barloworld PowerBoksburg, South AfricaDiesel and Gas4kW - 16MWSouth Africa, Angola, Namibia, Mozambique,Botswana, Zambia, MalawiNicola Morgan-EvensKey Account Manager(011) [email protected]
Bredenoord HandelsmyApeldoorn, The NetherlandsDiesel5-2000kVA+31 [email protected]
Briggs & Stratton CorperationDubai, U.A.EPortable, home and standby generatorsDiesel7-45kWAlgeria, Angola, Botswana, Egypt, Ethiopia+971 [email protected]
Broadcrown LtdStafford, UKHigh and medium speed reciprocating enginesDiesel/Gas6kVA-30MVAAngola, Cote d’Ivoire, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya+44 188 [email protected]
Bruno S.r.l.Grottaminarda, ItalyPerkins, Cummins, John Deere, Volvo, HondaDiesel2-2000kVA+39 0825 [email protected]
C Woermann GmbH & Co.KGHamburg, GermanyPrime and Standby Deutz enginesWater and air-cooled10-2000kVAGhana, Nigeria, Angola+4940 [email protected]
Calsion Power System Co. LtdDangguan City, ChinaMTU, Cummins, Volvo, Leroy SomerDiesel20kw-3,000kw+86769 [email protected]
Caterpillar Electric PowerIllinois, USADiesel, gas, FHOAny FuelAcross AfricaRobert RankinTertiary Manager AME, Electric Power Projects+41 22 849 [email protected]
Caterpillar Power Generation SystemsTexas, USAMedium speed diesel engines and equip-ment, turnkey diesel power plants up to150MWHeavy fuel oil, diesel oil, liquid bio fuels, nat-ural gasDiesel engines from 2 to 14MW, gas enginesupto 6.5MWCape Verde, Guinea Conakry, Mali, Mauritania,Sierra Leone Mikko BergqvistSales [email protected]
Conventional Thermal Generators
Yearbook_2011_new_3 24/5/11 12:43 Page 109
127Africa Energy Yearbook 2011
Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development
Conventional Power ProjectsP
RO
JEC
T D
ETA
ILS
PR
OJEC
T D
ES
CR
IP
TIO
ND
EV
ELO
PM
EN
TFIN
AN
CE A
ND
LEG
AL
ALG
ER
IA
Arz
ew
/ S
kik
da g
as fired p
lant
2000 M
W c
om
bin
ed (
1200 for
export
) -
tenders
for
both
pro
jects
issued a
t sam
e
tim
e.
[Te
chnic
al bid
s s
ubm
itte
d,
com
merc
ial
bid
s d
ela
yed,
pow
er
export
feasib
ility s
tudy
aw
aitin
g furt
her
Alg
erian/S
panis
h
negotiations]
Alg
erian E
nerg
y C
om
pany (
90%
) -
10%
still a
vailable
. Endesa
[Spain
], E
nelp
ow
er
[Ita
ly],
SN
C L
avalin [
Canada]
AES [
US],
ED
F
subm
itte
d t
echnic
al bid
s.
Contr
act:
CESI
- Enel subsid
iary
[It
aly
]
(pow
er
export
feasib
ility s
tudy).
Arz
ew
IW
PP [
Independent
Wate
r/Pow
er
pla
nt]
300M
W g
as-f
ired p
ow
er
pla
nt
with 8
6,7
14
cm
/d d
esalination p
lant;
$200-2
50m
;
[dela
yed a
s e
quity s
tructu
re fin
alised b
y
develo
per, c
om
ple
ted 2
005].
Kahra
ma S
pA o
wned b
y B
lack &
Veatc
h I
nte
rnational Energ
y
[South
Afr
ica]
& A
lgerian E
nerg
y C
o (
join
tly o
wned b
y S
onatr
ach
and S
onelg
az)
(Equity s
plit
20%
para
sta
tals
/ 8
0%
Bla
ck &
Veatc
h).
Contr
acts
: I
HI
(Ishik
aw
ajim
a-H
arim
a H
eavy I
ndustr
ies
Co)
+ I
tochu [
both
Japan]
(turn
key).
CO
FACE,
Opic
+ J
apan B
ank for
Inte
rnational
Coopera
tion.
ABN
/Am
ro (
lead a
rranger
for
debt
finance).
Fuji B
ank [
London &
Japanese b
ranch]
(advis
ers
). Export
cre
dit e
xpecte
d w
ith B
lack &
Veatc
h S
A.
Sonatr
ach a
nd S
onelg
az t
o p
rovid
e
paym
ent
guara
nte
es.
Berr
ouaghia
500M
W g
as t
urb
ines (
ability t
o r
un o
n fuel
oil)
[Com
ple
ted]
Sonelg
az.
Contr
act:
Sie
mens (
pla
nnin
g,
two g
as t
ubin
es,
two
genera
tors
, associa
ted e
lectr
ical, instr
um
enta
tion &
contr
ols
syste
ms)
Sie
mens (
opera
tion &
main
tenance o
ver
7 y
ears
)
El H
am
ma
2x220M
W g
as t
urb
ines +
220kV s
ubsta
tion;
$150m
; [c
om
ple
ted 6
/2002].
Sonelg
az.
Contr
acts
: Ansald
o E
nerg
ia [
Italy
] (t
urn
key inclu
din
g
turb
ines),
Fic
htn
er
[Germ
any]
(consultant)
.
$200m
pro
ject.
Saudi Fund for
Develo
pm
ent
[$22m
10-y
r lo
an],
Isla
mic
Develo
pm
ent
Bank [
$20.2
m]
&
Ara
b F
und for
Econom
ic &
Socia
l D
evelo
pm
ent
[$175m
loan].
F’K
irin
a A
in B
eid
a P
ow
er
Pla
nt
300 M
W t
urn
key,
gas;
123m
Euro
s
[constr
uction d
ue t
o s
tart
Q4 0
3,
com
ple
ted
in 2
004]
Sponsor:
Sonelg
az.
Contr
act:
Als
tom
(civ
il w
ork
and s
upply
of gas
turb
ines--
two G
T13E2--
, genera
tors
, hig
h-v
oltage s
ubsta
tion a
nd
oth
er
equip
ment)
.
Hadjr
et
IPP
1,2
27M
W g
as-f
ired p
ow
er
pla
nt
[1st
600M
W
dela
yed in 2
003,
com
ple
ted in 2
009].
Sonatr
ach.
Contr
act:
EdF (
pre
-feasib
ility s
tudy);
Sarg
ent
& L
undy
[US]
(feasib
ility s
tudy)
Mubadala
has a
co-c
ontr
ollin
g s
take (
co-
develo
per)
GE E
nerg
y (
turb
ines)
US T
rade &
Develo
pm
ent
agency g
rant
for
feasib
ility
stu
dy (
$561,0
00).
Hassi Berk
ine
3x110M
W g
as t
urb
ines;
$120m
; [t
hre
e u
nits
com
ple
ted].
Anadark
o P
etr
ole
um
, Sonelg
az.
Contr
acts
: G
E N
uovo P
ignone
[Ita
ly]
(constr
uction),
ABB A
dda [
Italy
], A
BB H
igh V
oltage
Technolo
gie
s [
Sw
itzerland]
(sub-c
ontr
acte
d b
y G
E).
Arr
anger:
Socié
té G
énéra
le;
Export
cre
dit a
gencie
s:
SACE,
ERG
($34m
); S
yndic
ate
d F
inance:
Nate
xis
,
Ara
b B
ankin
g C
orp
ora
tion,
Bayerische L
andesbank,
ABB E
xport
Bank,
UBAF.
Hassi M
assaoud
125M
W [
com
ple
ted]
Sonelg
az
Koudia
t D
raouch
2x600M
W g
as C
C;
US$900 m
illion
[com
ple
tion d
ue 2
011].
Contr
acts
: G
enera
l Ele
ctr
ic,
Iberd
rola
, Als
tom
-Ora
scom
(constr
uction)
National grid u
pgra
de
Refu
rbis
h 2
20/9
0kV a
nd 6
0kV h
igh v
oltage
substa
tions E
l Aouin
et
and R
am
dane
Dja
mel;
insta
ll a
nd c
om
mis
sio
n 2
20kV a
ir
insula
ted a
nd 9
0kV a
nd 6
0kV g
as insula
ted
sw
itchgear;
supply
local dis
patc
h c
entr
es
(SCAD
A s
yste
ms),
rem
ote
term
inal units for
substa
tions in A
lgie
rs,
Ora
n,
Annaba a
nd
Setif coasta
l dis
tric
ts,
and p
ow
er
line c
arr
ier
devic
es,
tele
pro
tection d
evic
es a
nd lin
e
matc
hin
g u
nits;
Euro
32m
Sonelg
az.
Contr
act:
Are
va T
ransm
issio
n a
nd D
istr
ibution [
Fra
nce]
(form
ely
Als
tom
T&
D)
(tw
o n
ew
turn
key p
roje
cts
)
Optical cable
syste
ms
3,0
00km
optical gro
und w
ire a
nd 1
,000km
of la
shed c
able
to b
e insta
lled o
n 2
20kV
overh
ead t
ransm
issio
n lin
es;
$20m
Sonelg
az.
Contr
act:
Tele
com
munic
ations C
onsultants
of In
dia
(TCIL
) (s
yste
m inte
gra
tor)
; Pirelli [I
taly
] (s
upply
overh
ead o
ptical
cable
)
Skik
da P
ow
er
Pla
nt
880M
W ;
$562m
, com
bin
ed c
ycle
[com
ple
ted in 2
006]
Skik
da P
ow
er
Com
pany s
pecia
lly s
et
up b
y A
lgerian E
nerg
y
Com
pany (
AEC)
(20%
), S
onelg
az (
50%
), S
onatr
ach (
30%
).
Contr
act:
SN
C-L
avalin [
Canada]
-11%
of Skik
da’s
Pow
er
Com
pany’s
share
- S
onelg
az a
nd S
onatr
ach t
o r
educe h
old
ing t
o
accom
modate
- (
EPC &
O
& M
contr
act
for
12 y
ears
with p
ossib
le
12 y
ear
exte
nsio
n),
G
enera
l Ele
ctr
ic a
nd A
lsto
m (
turb
ines a
nd
genera
tor
for
firs
t 314M
W).
EIB
, Ex-I
m B
ank o
f U
SA $
192m
long t
erm
loan
Terg
a2x600M
W c
om
bin
ed c
ycle
pla
nt;
[com
ple
tion
due 2
011]
Sonelg
az.
Contr
act:
Als
tom
(engin
eering,
pro
cure
ment,
constr
uction a
nd m
ain
tenance)
Ora
scom
Constr
uction I
ndustr
ies
(civ
il w
ork
s &
constr
uction)
Sources: African Energy Newsletter provided invaluable information for this summary of African power projects. For an encylcopaedic list ofAfrican energy projects, covering oil, gas, power generation and transmission, and renewable energy, the African Energy Newsletter is thedefinitive publication. For details see the advert opposite.
Yearbook_2011_new_3 24/5/11 13:44 Page 127
167Africa Energy Yearbook 2011
Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development • Energy • Environment • Development
Power Investors
African Power Investors
Company Country Project StakeStart up date/
purchase date
ABB Equity Ventures Ivory Coast Azito: 300MW thermal 33% 2000
AES Cameroon
AES Sonel: 930MW hydro/diesel/HFO &
additional 85MW to Limbe HFO plant.
Distribution: 23,679km
56% Jul-01
AES Cameroon
AES Sonel: investment plan for
rehabilitation/expansion of production,
transmission and distribution system
56% 2006
AES NigeriaEbute: 306MW gas-fired barge-
mounted100% Dec-01
Agip Nigeria 320MW increasing to 800MW 20% Feb-05
Agip Nigeria Afam: 980MW 5%Unspecified
startup date
Aldwych
InternationalKenya Rabai: 90MW heavy fuel 2009
Aldwych
InternationalSouth Africa
Kelvin: 600MW coal
previous owners: City of Johannesburg,
AES, Globeleq
2007**
Aldwych
InternationalZambia
Copperbelt Energy Corp: owns minority
stake through shareholding in Zambia
Energy
2006
AMCK DRC
Lubumbashi distribution network: Anvil
& Mining Company of Katanga joint
venture to construct 27 km 120kV
transmission line between the mine site
and Lubumbashi & 300 MVA station
2009
Artumas Tanzania Mtwara: 300MW gas 80%
Aviva Corporation Botswana Mmamantswe: 1000MW coal 100%
Black & Veatch Algeria Arzew: 300MW gas 5% Nov-05
BTU Ventures TunisiaCarthage Power Company Rades II:
471MW gas60%
2002 May-
04**
Candax Energy TunisiaSEEB: 27MW gas combined turbines
bought Centurion Oil stake in Jan-0550% May-03
Caterpillar Power
VenturesTunisia SEEB: 27MW gas combined turbines 50% May-03
Yearbook_2011_new_3 24/5/11 13:48 Page 167
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