Age of Exploration

1450-1750

PORTUGAL LEADS THE WAY:Portugal was the first European country to

establish trading outposts in AFRICA.

The Portuguese believed to get to ASIA

by sea they would have to sail around the tip of Africa (CAPE of

GOOD HOPE)

PORTUGAL LEADS THE WAY:

1488 – Portuguese explorer BARTOLOMEU

DIAS was the first to sail around AFRICA but did not continue on to

Asia

PORTUGAL LEADS THE WAY:1498- Portuguese explorer VASCO DA GAMA rounded the Cape of Good Hope and reached INDIA

IMPACTS:All water trade route to AsiaPortugal built a trading empire

in the Indian OceanBroke up the MUSLIM - ITALIAN

domination in the Asian trade market

PORTUGAL LEADS THE WAY:

how:Portugal sold goods much

CHEAPER (about 1/5 the cost)As a result of Portugal’s

SUCCESS other European nations wanted to establish their own TRADING empires in ASIA

SPAIN:In Spain, MUSLIMS called Moors controlled the country from 700’S until the 1100’S

SPAIN:Christians tried to win back control and began the RECONQUISTA

RECONQUISTA - campaign to recapture Spain from the Muslims

By the 1400’s the Muslims were driven out of most of Spain – the only area they held onto was GRANADA

SPAIN:In 1492 the Muslims were defeated in Granada by the Christian army

Spain was united by the rule of King FERDINAND and Queen ISABELLA

SPAIN:They set up a rigid CATHOLIC society to increase their power

INQUISITION - this was a court held by the church under their rule

SPAIN:People whose RELIGIOUS beliefs differed from the teachings of the Church were labeled HERETICS - brutally torturedMost were JEWS & MUSLIMS

Later in 1492 all JEWS and MUSLIMS were expelled from Spain

SPAIN:With the help of the INQUISITION Spain was unified under Christianity

The success of PORTUGAL inspired Spain to try and gain a share of the WEALTHY spice trade in Asia

SPAIN:In Italian sailor Christopher Columbus convinced Spain to his plan of reaching Asia by sailing across the Atlantic Ocean

He set out in August with three ships:

NINA PINTA SANTA MARIA

1492FINANCE

WEST

SPAIN:Two months later, Columbus thought he had

reached the islands off the coast of (East

Indies) when in fact he landed in the ,

he mistakenly called the natives who greeted him

INDIACARIBBEAN

INDIANS

http://dase.laits.utexas.edu/media/not_even_past/mp3/100503688.mp3

SPAIN:Columbus made additional voyages and

claimed land for Spain

The Spanish intended to transform these lands into

: lands that are controlled by another

nationColumbus’ first trip opened the way for

and forever changed the world

THREE

COLONIES

COLONIES

COLONIZATION

SPAIN: CONFLICT WITH PORTUGALPortugal believed Columbus claimed lands for Spain

that they had previously visited; they too sent

explorers West:• 1500 Pedro Alvares Cabral – claimed • 1507 Amerigo Vespucci – realized land was NOT

Asia but a new • 1519 Ferdinand Magellan – sailed around South

America into the ; became the first to circumnavigate the world

TREATY OF TORDESILLAS – imaginary dividing line for claiming lands signed by Spain & Portugal

CONTINENT

BRAZIL

SAIL AROUNDPACIFIC

SPAIN IN AMERICA:Following Columbus – many Spaniards traveled to

the Americas

Why?

(gold) & spread (God)

These explorers were called

The Spanish were the European settlers in

the Americas – they established in

Mexico, South America, and the United States

FIRST

WEALTH CHRISTIANITYCONQUISTADORS

COLONIES

SPAIN IN AMERICA:EXAMPLES:

HERNANDO CORTES FRANCISCO PIZZARO

1521 – conquered AZTECS and conquered Mexico for Spain

1532 – conquered INCAS and captured city of Cuzco in 1533

SPAIN IN AMERICA:EXAMPLES:

Ponce De Leon Coronado

Florida Southwest U.S.“Fountain of Youth”

SPAIN IN AMERICA:A. Superior - armor, muskets,

cannons, horses

B. Many Native Americans the harsh rule

of Aztecs & Incas (willing to help Spanish –

hoped life would improve with change)

C. - Native Americans were exposed to

new ones:

Had no - killed millions

WEAPONRY

HATED

MEASLES, MUMPS, SMALL POX, TYPHUS

DISEASES

IMMUNITY

SPANISH EMPIRE:During the the Spanish Empire spread from

to South America – Spain brought

many changes to the Americas

1500’s

CALIFORNIA

1) GOVERNMENT

2) RELIGION

3) CULTURE

Spanish set up the system:

Land in America was given to conquistadors or

landlords by the Spanish government – landlords

forced natives to farm, ranch, mine for them (form

of

Spanish the land for its resources and

treated the natives - many abuses of

rights

SLAVERY

ENCOMIENDA

EXPLOITEDBADLY

HUMAN

4) ECONOMY

I. PENINSULARES

5) SOCIAL CLASSES

II. CREOLES

III. MESTIZOS

IV. MULATTOES

V. NATIVE Americans & slaves AFRICAN

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

Robert Simmon and Reto Stöckli. Sydney, Australia. Digital image. Fotopedia. NASA Earth Observatory, 12 Oct. 2005. Web. 8 May 2014. <http://www.fotopedia.com/items/flickr-7651359238>.

Portuguese. Retrato De Vasco Da Gama.png. Digital image. Wikipedia. Mediawiki, n.d. Web. 8 May 2014. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Retrato_de_Vasco_da_Gama.png>.