Age of Exploration Test Review

1.What were the causes of the Age of Exploration?

• New and improved technology allowed for long ocean voyages

• Demand for goods from Asia

• Ottoman Empire blocked trade routes

2. What were Isabella and Ferdinand’s role in the Age of Exploration?• Financed many expeditions to

discover an all water route to Asia, Christopher Columbus among them

3. Describe the achievement of each of the following explorers in the space provided.

• Bartolomeu Dias—

*Discovered the tip of Africa

but never reached Asia

• Vasco da Gama—

*Sailed to India around the

southern tip of Africa and

Calcutt India

• Christopher Columbus—

*Tried to reach India by

sailing west, but instead

came into contact with the

West Indies

• Hernando Cortez—

*Conquered Montezuma II

and the Aztec Empire

• Francisco Pizarro—

*Conquered

Athualpa

and the

Incan Empire

4. What was the Inquisition?

• Court created by Isabella and Ferdinand to root out heresy (going against the Catholic Church)

4. What was the Inquisition?• 150,000 people were tortured,

exiled and burned at the stake• Isabella and Ferdinand were devout Catholics

5. What two countries lead the Age of Exploration?

• Spain

• Portugal

6. What were the conquistador’s motives in the Americas?

• God, Gold, and Glory

7. What factors allowed conquistadors to successfully defeat the Native American civilizations?

• Superior weapons—gunpowder,

cannons,

horses and

armor

7. What factors allowed conquistadors to successfully defeat the Native American civilizations?

• Allied themselves with enemies

• Smallpox/Disease

8. What impact did the conquistadors contact with the Americans have on the Native American population?

• Destroyed the population through enslavement, warfare and smallpox

9. Explain how the Age of Exploration caused the development of the slave trade.

• Smallpox destroyed the Native American population forcing Europeans to import African slaves to work on large plantations.

10.What effects did the slave trade have on Africa?

• Caused great upheaval in African societies.

11. Describe mercantilism.

• Colonies supply the mother country with raw materials.

• Mother country uses raw material to create manufactured goods.

11. Describe mercantilism.

• Mother country then uses the colonies as a market to sell manufactured goods.

• Desire a favorable balance of trade—export more then you import

11. Describe mercantilism.• Ultimate goal is self-sufficiency

• Mother country benefits in this relationship

12.Describe the Encomienda System.

• Required large work force for large plantations

13. What were the results of the Age of Exploration?

• Begins a period of European global domination