AGE OF JACKSON

Thursday, November 15, 12

President James Monroe (1816)

Era of Good FeelingsRapid Economic ExpansionPost War Treaties with Britain

Monroe DoctrineU.S. would not tolerate intervention in the Americas by European nationsU.S. would not interfere with already established governments in EuropeLed to America interfering in Latin America in later years

Thursday, November 15, 12

Missouri Compromise 1820Strong abolitionist movementSlavery was about economics and politics, not moralityPolitical advantage 3/5 Compromise

Every slave state had an advantage because they could count slaves into their population for House of Representative seats

Economic advantageNorth had to pay wages based on supply and demandSouth had unlimited labor at low cost

If a new state would be accepted, slaveholding southerners wanted it to be a slave state.Missouri petitioned for statehood 1817

After long hard battle-- Accepted as a slave state, slavery would not be allowed anywhere else north of Missouri’s southern border

Thursday, November 15, 12

POST WAR AMERICA

Significance of the Cotton GinEli Whitney invents “Gin” (1793)Cotton becomes VERY profitableConsequences for Slaves and IndiansEconomics of the South 1830’s

Cotton-- 55%Tobacco-- 10%Rice, Sugar, Hemp-- 10%

By 1860- Cotton 58% of Total US exportsonly 7% in 18001790-- 3135 bales of Cotton1860-- 4.8 million bales

more cotton= more slavesleads to more textiles in the north

North becomes dependent on slavery

Thursday, November 15, 12

Andrew JacksonBecame National hero during War of 1812Large slave owner in TNHated IndiansFought in a number of duels

Jackson the President (1829-1837)Symbolic:

Anyone could become presidentRepresents the self-made man

His Policy“Spoils system”-- his people in officeVeto-- strengthens his presidency

12 vetoes in 2 terms

Thursday, November 15, 12

Five “Civilized” TribesCherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, SeminoleAll “candidates” for assimilationAll located in areas of heavy cotton growth

Land Ceding and Removal (1820-1830)Cotton= Extremely profitableGold in Georgia, 1829

State of Georgia--Cherokees cannot mine their own gold

Indian Removal Act, 1830Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1830)

Marshall-- “Domestic Dependent Nations”

Trail of Tears (1838)-- 4000 Cherokees die in route

Pres. Martin Van Buren-- Cherokees made trip with reluctance

Thursday, November 15, 12