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Agenda for the evening

• New student introductions• Review writing assignment procedure• Reminder to get a library card• Finish up Award Book discussion/state awards-

Yes, all states have them• Lecture• Read & share folktales• Go over next week’s assignments

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Genres of Literature & Traditional Fantasy

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PROSE POETRY

NONFICTION FICTION

BIOGRAPHY INFORMATIONAL FANTASY REALISM

TRADITIONAL FANTASY MODERN

FANTASY HISTORICAL

CONTEMPORARY FICTION

SCIENCE FICTION

Genres of Children’s Literature

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• All literature is either prose or poetry. •All forms of literature branch off of prose or poetry.

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Poetry:

• Can either rhyme or not• Can be shorter or longer than prose• Can be in the form of haiku, sonnet,

couplet, limerick, narrative, cinquain or free verse.• Is never written in paragraphs.

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Cinquain Poetry;

For example:

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Structure of Cinquain Poetry:

• Line 1: one word (subject or noun)• Line 2: two words (adjective) to describe line 1• Line 3: three words (action verbs) relating to

line 1• Line 4: four words (feelings or complete

sentence) relating to line 1• Line 5: 1 word (synonym of line 1 or sums up

line 1

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Difference Between Fiction & Nonfiction is Documentation

• Fiction: from author’s imagination and cannot be verified in other sources. The structure comes from author’s imagination.

• Nonfiction: requires documentation. Nonfiction is classified as biography and informational. Biographies and autobiographies tell all or a part of the tale of an actual person’s life.

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Nonfiction

• Is classified into 1 of 10 categories called the Dewey Decimal System.• Was invented by Melvil Dewey• All numbers range from 000-999.99• All numbers except for the 800’s

(literature) are nonfiction.

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Melvil Dewey

• Born on Dec. 10, 1851• Went to Amherst, worked in

library• Developed system of grouping

books by subject• Published Classification and

Subject Index• Also founded the ALA• Life begins to take nasty turns….

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000-099 News, Internet, Museums & Magazines

100-199 Psychology, Witch Trials & Philosophy

200-299Religion & Mythology

300-399Education, Fairy Tales, Folk

Tales & Social Sciences

400-499Language

500-599Sciences & Mathematics

600-699Technology, Health & Cooking

700-799Arts, Sports & Recreation

800-899Literature

900-999Geography, History & Travel

92 Biography T

DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM

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Realistic & Fantasy Fiction

• Both are invented stories with invented characters which may or may not take place in a real setting.

• The difference between realistic and fantasy fiction lies in the laws of the universe.

• If the setting is based in reality and the characters are grounded in reality, then it’s realistic fiction.

• If the story has elements not in our physical world, then it’s fantasy.

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Contemporary & Historical Fiction

• Contemporary Fiction: the story takes place in today’s world• Historical Fiction: the story takes place

in the past.• Both tell interesting stories about

people in our world.

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Traditional Fantasy

• It is called Traditional Fantasy because the stories are part of the human tradition of storytelling.

• The authors are unknown.• They are now written down in print as

collections (like Grimm), but they were collectors, not authors, of these stories. If it has an indentifiable author, it is not traditional fantasy.

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Brothers Grimm

• Jacob & Wilhelm were born in 1785 & 1786 into a family of 8 boys & 1 girl.• They started collecting stories from their fellow

villagers. • In 1812, they published their 1st volume of 86

stories. • Worked as librarians , remained close

throughout their lives.

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Modern Fantasy vs. Traditional Fantasy

• If a fantasy story has an identifiable author, then it is a modern fantasy.

• Thus, Hans Christian Anderson is a modern fantasy author, because the story originated from him and it has his flavor in its telling.

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Modern Fantasy and Science Fiction

• Science Fiction (under the subset of Modern Fantasy) deals with scientific possibilities.

• Both Science Fiction and Modern Fantasy contain elements not found in the known universe.

• In Modern Fantasy, other worldly abilities just ARE or come about by magic, in Science Fiction science is used to make it possible.

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Traditional Fantasy

• Originated orally –told from one person to another.

• Has no definite author.• Every country and culture has books that

have been compiled from the oral tradition.

• First collector of tales was Charles Perrault.

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Charles Perrault

• Born in Paris to wealthy bourgeois parents.• Attended best schools, studied Law, married, had 4 children• Also was an architect who designed the east wing

of the Louvre• At 67, lost his job and began publishing Mother

Goose Tales in 1697• Known as the Father of Fairy Tales

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Peculiarities of Traditional Fantasy

• Traditional Fantasy is held to a different literary standard.

• The characters are not well developed.• All deal with the basic emotions of life.• Plots are very simplistic.• Storylines all have the same themes.

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Universal Nature of Traditional Fantasy

• All have morals that have become part of our daily speech.• We are surrounded by allusions to

fairy tales.• They have included all characters,

plots and themes ever written.

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Value of Fantasy Stories

• The suspension of belief – the “let’s pretend” aspect

• Fantasy has the ability to work on our emotions with the same vividness as a dream.

• It gives children an absolute to believe in.• It gives children the ability to hope. HOPE is the essential thread in all fantasy

literature.

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Types of Traditional Fantasy Literature

There are a variety of types of folktales.• Cumulative Tales: stories that are added on as

the story grows• Pourquoi Tales: “why” tales – they answer

questions and give explanations for the way things are, particularly in nature

• Beast Tales: animals are the main characters, typically representing humans

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• Noodlehead or Numbskull Tales: humorous tales of the “not too bright”. Sometimes the main character makes a problem with their ridiculous mistakes, but they often come out on top.

• Trickster Tales: a variety of the beast tale, but features a character that outsmarts others in the story.

• Realistic Tales: have a basis in actual fact.• Fairy Tales: also known as Wonder Tales. Most

magical of all the folktales, they include talking animals, fairy godmothers - all magical objects.

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• Tall Tales: uses much exaggeration. Many grew as a push to open North American, but there are tall tales from all over the world.

• Fables: are meant to teach a lesson and conclude with a moral

• Myths: grew out of people’s need to understand and explain the world

• Epics, Ballads and Legends: tales that focus on a hero. They are often lengthy.

• Religious Stories: came out of people’s quest to share beliefs and encompass all religions.

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For next week:

• Read chapter 9 of your text book• Watch correlating movie from your Hollywood

paper/take notes on the difference between reading & watching

• Write draft # 1 of Writing Assignment #3.