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European Commission
Agriculture and Food Security for Agriculture and Food Security for DevelopmentDevelopment
David RadcliffeDavid RadcliffeUnit B2, Sustainable management of Unit B2, Sustainable management of Natural ResourcesNatural Resources. . DG DevelopmentDG Development
1313thth October 2010October 2010
European Commission
Food Security: the challengeFood Security: the challengeHunger and malnutrition have increased in the world affectinghuman development, social and political stability, and progress towards MDGs
Number of food insecure in 2009: 1.02 billionMDG1 seriously off-track
European Commission
Global Food DeprivationGlobal Food Deprivation
Source: FAO
European Commission
Agriculture: large economic sector in poor countriesAgriculture: large economic sector in poor countriesShare of Labor in Agriculture and Shre of Agriculture in GDP
AGO
ARG
AZE
BDI
BEN
BFA
BGD
BGR
BLRBOL
BRACHL
CHN
CIV
CMR
COL
CZE
DOMDZAECU
EGY
ETH
GHA
GINGTMHND
HUN
IDN
IND IRNKEN
KHM
LAO
LKA
MAR
MDG
MEX
MLI
MOZMWI
MYS
NER
NGA
NPL
PAK
PER
PHL
PNG
POL
PRY
ROM
RWA
SDN
SEN
SLV
SVK
SYR
TCD
TGO
THA
TJK
TUN TUR
TZAUGA
UKR
UZB
VEN
VNMYEM
ZAF
ZAR
ZMB ZWE
AGO
ARG
AZE
BDI
BEN
BFA
BGD
BGR
BLR
BOL
BRACHL
CHN
CIV
CMR
COL
CZE
DOM
DZAECU
EGY
ETH
GHA
GIN
GTM
HND
HUN
IDN
IND
IRN
KEN
KHM
LAO
LKA
MAR
MDG
MEX
MLIMOZMWI
MYS
NER
NGA
NPL
PAK
PER
PHL
PNG
POL
PRY
ROM
RWA
SDN
SEN
SLV
SVK
SYR
TCD
TGOTHA
TJK
TUN
TUR
TZAUGA
UKR
UZB
VEN
VNM
YEM
ZAF
ZAR
ZMB
ZWE
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9Log of GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$), 1990-2005
Share of Agriculture in GDP Share of Labor in Agriculture
Source: World Bank, DDP,September 2006
The share of agriculture in GDP can be 30-50% in poor countries; the share in employment 60-90%
The share of agriculture in GDP can be 30-50% in poor countries; the share in employment 60-90%
Source World Bank , WDR 2008
European Commission
How is EU responding?
European Commission
Relevant European Commission InitiativesRelevant European Commission InitiativesNew Communication: EU Policy framework to assist developing countries addressing food security challenges (March 2010)
Implementation framework being prepared with member states
Food facilityFood Security Thematic Programme
Moving to second phase 2011-13
European Development FundRTD Framework Programme 7
European Commission
ApproachApproach ofof thethe CommunicationCommunication
The proposed policy framework addresses foodinsecurity accross the 4 pillars:
1) Increasing availability of food2) Improving access to food3) Improving nutritional adequacy of food intake4) Enhancing crisis prevention and management
To be effective, assistance needs to be adapted to the country/regional context
European Commission
Policy Communication PrioritiesPolicy Communication Priorities
The Communication proposes that the EU should prioritise 4 broad dimensions:
Improve smallholder resilience and rural livelihoodsSupport effective governanceSupport regional agriculture and food securitypoliciesStrengthen assistance mechanisms for vulnerable population groups
European Commission
Smallholders are central to the PolicySmallholders are central to the Policy
Sustainable small-scale food production as a main focal area of EU assistance:
Ecologically efficient intensificationValue chain approach (with due attention to financing, processing and markets)Governance key - particularly around landDemand-driven research and innovation (incl. CC adaptation)Reducing post-harvest lossesRegional integration
European Commission
FSTP and ENRTP: Deepening collaborationFSTP and ENRTP: Deepening collaborationFSTP
Agricultural research to generate international public goodsLinking information systems with food security response strategiesContinental and regional approaches
ENRTPPromoting environmental sustainabilityPromoting implementation of EU commitments, including
EU water and energy initiatives
Climate change
Biodiversity
Sustainable land management
Forests
Illegal logging and forest governance
Fisheries and marine resources
European Commission
EU Policies on Information Systems for Food Security (ISFS)EU Policies on Information Systems for Food Security (ISFS)Challenges on ISFS:
Harmonisation and coordination of ISFS: national, regional and global levels. Emergency of continental level, i.e. CAADP
Need for quality, reliability, updating and transparency of data. Important to stimulate country demand for quality of information
Multiple initiatives but a lack of harmonization and understanding of needs. Actions should be defined collectively.
What role for Earth observation/ remote sensing systems?
How to factor in impacts of climate change?
Possible future response: setup of an international network of ISFS stakeholders as a platform for discussion and coordination on ISFS
European Commission 12
Why EO is important to developmentWhy EO is important to developmentMany development challenges have a geographical dimension:
Food Security30% population undernourished and 28% children malnourished.
Crop productivity < population growth
Climate ChangeExtremely vulnerable, weak adaptive capacity
High risk that coping thresholds are exceeded
Crops yields reduced by 50% in some African countries
Natural Disasters0.7 million fatalities, 319 million affected, $24 billion damage from 1980 to 2008
Water resources management25% population experiences high water stress
Rapid melting of glaciers
DesertificationTwo thirds of African land degraded; 485 million affected, exacerbated by climate change
Deforestation4 million hectares of African forest lost between 2000 and 2005
European Commission
Projected Water scarcity in 2025Projected Water scarcity in 2025
Source: IWMI 2000
European Commission
Climate change impact on production: Climate change impact on production: RainfedRainfed maize, 2050maize, 2050
Global production = - 16%Source: M. Rosegrant (IFPRI) 2009
European Commission
DEV DEV –– GEO: Who is contributing to what?GEO: Who is contributing to what?“The real value of Earth observation can only be realised if its construction is guided by user needs rather than by technology” – Prof. José Achache
An iterative relationship:Development needs drive information requirements
Strengthen justification for global integrated system
Infrastructure, data handling, analytical capability matched to user needs
Awareness and capacity building increase demand for services
GEO supports development and development contributes to GEO
InternationalUnited Nations
World BankConventions
GEONGOs
AfricaAfrican Union
ACP SecretariatRegions
Countries
ECDGs, Delegations
ScienceUniversities
NetworksCGIAR
Space agencies
Member States
D, GB, B, PT, FNL, DK…
Land degradation and desertification
Food security & Rural development
Climate Change
Marine resources& Fisheries
Crisis response& Humanitarian Aid
Biodiversity protection
Renewable Energies
Water management
DisastersReduction
Conflict prevention& Early warning
Soil resources Forest resources
The ACP Observatory