Agro-Extension System in China 1

Agro-Extension SystemAgro-Extension Systemin Development in Chinain Development in China

Dr. Wu LifengNATESC-MOA

July 2012

Agro-Extension System in China 2

Agro-Extension System in ChinaAgro-Extension System in China

1 Agricultural Status 2 Structural Setup 3 Characteristics 4 Staff Composition 5 Fund sources 6 Approaches 7 Reform 8 Brief introduction of NATESC

Agro-Extension System in China 3

1 Agricultural Status1 Agricultural Status

Farmer Population:Farmer Population: 657 mil. (49% of nation’s total)657 mil. (49% of nation’s total) Arable Land: Arable Land: 122 mil. ha. (7% of world’s & 12.7% nation’s 122 mil. ha. (7% of world’s & 12.7% nation’s

total)total) Land/farmer: 0.19 haLand/farmer: 0.19 ha Farm size: 0.5–1.5 haFarm size: 0.5–1.5 ha

Agro-Extension System in China 4

Ministerial Level

Provincial Level

MMunicipal Level

County Level

Township Level

2 Structural Setup2 Structural Setup

Vertically

Agro-Extension System in China 5

Agriculture

Crop production

Animalhusbandry Aquaculture Farming

Machinery*Economic

Management

Seed Soil-Fertilizer Planting Plant Protection

Horizontally

2 Structural Setup2 Structural Setup

Agro-Extension System in China 6

3.1 Type of System——Oriented by Government

Mainly oriented by government agro-tech extension

institution and extensively participated by agro-

research, education, and enterprises

3.2 Type of Organization——State Undertaking

Set up at township and above levels, affiliated to same

level of administrative government under different

discipline

3 Characteristics3 Characteristics

Agro-Extension System in China 7

3 Characteristics3 Characteristics

3.3 Management Forms — Multiple

Management

To promote the implemen

-tation of multi-management

at township level, mainly

managed by the county,

township or dual levels0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

%

County Township Dual

Evolution of the Managing System ofExtension Agencies at Township

2001

2005

Agro-Extension System in China 8

Statistics of All Staff in Grassroots Extension Agencies (2005-2007)

4 Staff Composition4 Staff Composition

Current Staff(10,000)

County Level(10,000)

Below County Level(10,000)

2007 Vs. 05±% 2007 Vs. 05

±% 2005 2007 Vs. 05±% 2005

National 86.55 -5.00 30.9 -0.8 31.13 55.65 -6.60 59.58Plant Productio

n31.29 -2.22 14.54 -2.15 14.86 16.75 -2.28 17.14

Animal 28.91 -3.12 9.05 -3.83 9.41 19.86 -2.79 20.43

Aquaculture 2.89 -1.02 1.44 -2.04 1.47 1.45 0 1.45

Machine 9.72 -9.75 3.01 +11.9 2.69 6.71 -16.96 8.08

Mgmt 11.78 -15.19 2.4 -11.11 2.7 9.38 -16.18 11.19

others 1.96 0.46 — — 1.50 —

Agro-Extension System in China 9

Qualification of Grassroots Extension Staff (2003-2007)

(%) 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Edu. collage and upper level 30.5 34.9 37.2 43.5 45.9

Age under 35 43.2 41.5 38.1 38.7 33.0

over 50 11.6 12.5 -- 13.1 15.0

with professional title 67.7 69.5 65.4 65.3 59.7

Title Incl. Senior 2.5 2.8 3.0 3.7 5.4

Junior 16.2 18.4 19.0 20.7 35.7

4 Staff Composition4 Staff Composition

Agro-Extension System in China 10

5.1 Government (central & local) 5.2 Self –funded (paid service) 5.3 Project from different department such as MOA, MOF, MOS&T, and foreign-aid

5 Fund Sources5 Fund Sources

Agro-Extension System in China 11

Fund Source of Agro-tech Extension Agencies at County Level in 2007

(%) Total Crop Animal Aqua. Machinery Eco. Mgmt Integrated

All funded 86.36 89.68 77.90 86.09 85.79 95.53 90.38

Partial funded

8.91 7.11 13.03 7.83 11.07 3.81 8.22

Self-funded 4.73 3.22 9.06 6.08 3.14 0.66 1.41

5 Fund Sources5 Fund Sources

Agro-Extension System in China 12

Important Agro-Tech Extension is carried out by governmental investment

Program-based Commodity-based Demon.-based Tech+sup.-based FFS-based

6 Extension Approaches6 Extension Approaches

Agro-Extension System in China 13

7.1 Principle of Reform

With Chinese Characteristics, meeting market’s demand, according with international rules

Stabilizing and Strengthening public services, Vitalizing commercial services

7 System Reform7 System Reform

Start the pilot point for the grass-root system reform In 2003, Carry out in 2006 by the Sate Council……

Agro-Extension System in China 14

7.2 General Objective

Gradually establish a new-style agro-tech extension system, oriented by government agro-tech extension structures, participated extensively by entire society, to accord with socialist market economic system.

Including three levels ： （ 1 ） National Non-profit extension system; （ 2 ） Farmer’s economic cooperatives; （ 3 ） Commercial

service system

7 System Reform7 System Reform

Agro-Extension System in China 15

7.3 Measures for system reform

Update idea—farmer-oriented, bottom – top

Define function—7 non-profit functions for gov. agro-

tech system

Perfect Structure—Stress the regionalization,

integration, and level in structure setup

7 System Reform7 System Reform

Agro-Extension System in China 16

Established in 1995 as a merger of 4

National Stations

8 Brief Introduction of NATESC8 Brief Introduction of NATESC

Currently 140 staff members Main functions including:

Agro-law Implement Agro-tech Extension Agro-tech Service Agro-tech Exchange ATES Management