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Review Principles to Improve Soil Health
1. Minimize Soil Disturbance 2. Keep the Soil Covered at all Times – litter, stabilize soil, OM inputs
3. Keep Living Roots in the Soil – volume, exudates, soil biology
4. Maximize Diversity Forestry vs. agroforestry Agroforestry: farming systems that integrate trees w/ crops and livestock for environmental, economic & social benefits
Trees: Environmental Services + NTFP
• Shade • Weed control • Erosion control • Wind protection • Noise, dust or odor barriers • Wildlife & pollinator habitat • Fruits, nuts, spices aka “NTFP” species
Common Agroforestry Systems • Windbreaks & shelterbelts • Multi-Story Cropping & Forest Farming • Mixed Agroforests a.k.a. Home gardens
Less Common Agroforestry Systems • Silvopasture • Alley Cropping • Riparian Forest Buffer
NRCS Conservation Practices for Agroforestry
Practice names: Fore
st F
arm
ing
Hom
e G
arde
ns
Win
dbre
aks
Silv
opas
ture
Alle
y Cr
oppi
ng
Ripa
rian
Fore
st B
uffe
r
Tree/Shrub Site PreparationWoody Residue TreatmentTree/Shrub EstablishmentMulti-Story CroppingWindbreak/Shelterbelt EstablishmentSilvopasture EstablishmentAlley CroppingRiparian Forest BufferConservation CoverMulchingWindbreak/Shelterbelt Renovation
Banana (plus mango, avocado, jackfruit) windbreak for taro field – Oahu Note: gaps in windbreak are larger than desirable
Multi-Story Cropping or Forest Farming: Mahogany & Cacao – Big Island Note: planting densities of timber and crop trees are not highly compatible
http://www.agroforest.info
Read this for more details!
NRCS Oahu Field Office [email protected] 541-2600 x109
NRCS State Office [email protected] 541-2600 x122
Pau
Strategies for Converting to Agroforestry Systems • DIY is great ……. to a point • Bite sized chunks – scale project to capacity • Herbicides • Planting plan - trees and shrubs can be big critters • Start on your own then engage services of NRCS later
– Convert non-invasive eucalyptus forest to agroforestry system – Install coffee or cacao then seek assistance for shade overstory later
• NRCS PIA Forestry / Agroforestry Tech. Note 11 – “Mixed Agroforests”
• Agroforestry & wildlife – limited opportunities (WHAG) include – Native insects and insect pollinators – Tree roosting species