Improving Competitiveness of

Horticulture for National Food Security:

Scientific with Spiritual Approach

Ahmad DimyatiResearcher

Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and DevelopmentAdvisor, Indonesian Horticulture Board

October, 2013

Outline• The approach• Definition of food security• Means to create food security• Horticulture in relation to food security• Definition and components of competitiveness• Factors affecting competitiveness• Ways to improve competitiveness of horticulture• Conclusion

The Approach:

The TruthThe True Meaning

The True Happiness

Science

Spirituality

Organized Religiousity

Other WaysHuman

Civilization

Definition of Food Security • Committee on World Food Security, 2012:“ Food and Nutrition Security exists when all people

at all times have physical, social and economic access to food, which is safe and consumed in sufficient quantity and quality to meet their dietary needs and food preferences, and is supported by an environment of adequate sanitation, health services and care, allowing for a healthy , {peaceful} and active life.”

Legal Aspect (1):

• Law No 18/2012 on Food: “Food security is a condition of fulfillment of food

for the country up to individual, as expressed in the availability of food, quantitatively and qualitatively, safe, diversified, nutritious, well distributed, and affordable not opposing the religion, belief, and culture of the society for healthy, active and sustainably productive life”

Legal Aspect 2:

• Law No 13/2010 on Horticulture: “ The Government and/or local government shall have the

duties to increase people’s horticultural consumption through:

a.Determination and socialization of fruits and vegetables as principal food products;

b.Setting of targets for the rate of food and fruit consumption per capita per year in line with the standard of health; and

c.Loading of horticultural subjects into the curriculum of national and local education.”

FS & Other Burdens

Related Issues on FS

Global Food Security Challenges

(Pete Smith, 2012: Delivering Food Security without Increasing Pressure on Land)

Comprehensive

Strategy

Future Ag & Food Strategy

(Garnett and Godfray, 2012Tilman et al, 2011)

(Pete Smith, 2013,Dimyati, 2013)

(Pete Smith, 2013)

Means to create food security• Availability: production and distribution• Production: areal and productivity, land,

technology, research and development, extension• Distribution: infrastructure, institutions• Accessability i.e. affordability, infrastructure, price,

purchasing power• What types of food policy? Pro growers vs Pro Consumers

CAUSAL LOOP OF NATIONAL SHALLOT PRODUCTION SYSTEM

Horticulture in relation to food security• Nutrient availability and accessability• Horticulture contribution to provide nutrient-rich products

to alleviate “hidden hunger” which may cause non-communicable degenerative diseases

Functional fruits and vegetables for better life (Siswanto, CAHTEC-MoH)

Tropical fruits have better vitamins, minerals and antioxidants (R.Purwanto)

• Horticulture role in increasing people’s purchasing power: high value produce for limited land

Better than food and estate crops, comparable to livestock

East Indonesia Agribusiness Development Option(Tiago et al, 2013. CHCG)

14

Commodities with most potential to increase income of the poor

Definition and components of competitiveness

Competitive Hort and FS

Factors affecting competitiveness:

Policies & Programs

Ways to improve competitiveness:• Policy formulation• Nutrient affordability versus business

attractiveness: pro-consumers versus pro-farmers policies• Landuse planning• Infrastructure development• Cluster development of selected crops• Value chain improvement

Experts’ Suggestions (1)Robert Holmer, AVRDC World-Veg Center:

• Global: Nourishing People, Enhancing Resilience, Reducing Emissions• SEA: Climate-smart Vegetable Production Technologies for

Small Farming Communities in Southeast AsiaKaren Tambayong, IHB, GCH AIPH:

• Green city prospect and challenges in AsiaRichard Markham, ACIAR:

• New drivers for ICM, GR management, SCM/VCM for sustaining tropical horticulture

Experts’ Suggestions (2)

Tomohide Sugino, JIRCAS:• Improvement of technologies to reduce GHG emission from

vegetable lands in AsiaArij Everaart, Waginengen University:• Development of sustainable vegetable production systemsTomohiro Kamogawa, SAKATA:• Strong internal and external network of competencePeerasak Srinives,Katsetsart University:• Vision and creativity

Consortium of Service

Partnership &Traceability

Cluster of Mango

Financial Institution

Packing House:Primary processing

GradingBranding

Research Outreach

Extension Service

Input StoreProduction

Area Specific for Mango cv

“Gedong Gincu”

TraditionalDomestic Market Modern

Domestic Market

Processing Companies

Export MarketBusiness

Consultant

Recommendations:• Large scale or consolidated units of innovation-led

business with efective and efficient value chains• Policy and program facilitating the allocation of

land and construction of infrastructure for the work of a business partnership among different actors of value chain of selected products• Development of competitive products supported

by a consortium of integrated services.• Consumers’ education and public awareness• Revitalizing spirituality led business culture