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The Gaelic alphabet contains only 18 letters. Though there are also some letters with accents, these are not considered additional letters. Each letter of the Gaelic alphabet relates to a tree name and this system was used to teach children the alphabet, much as we use the alphabet song in English. There are differing combinations of tree names between the various versions of the Gaelic alphabet and there is no definitive version.
Here is a rough guide to the pronunciation of the tree names in Gaelic:
Ailm – al-limBeith – bayColl – callDair – dahrEadha – feh-yahFeàrn – feyarnGort – gorshtUath – oo-ahIogh – ee-ogh
Luis – loossMuin – moonNuin – noonOir/Onn – ohr/awnPeith bhog – pay voh-kRuis – rooshSuil – soolTeine – chain-yuhUr – oor
www.forestry.gov.uk/scotland
Downloadable The Gaelic alphabet contains only 18 letters, each of which relates to a tree. The poster illustrates the letter and tree name.
The Gaelic alphabet
Illustration by - Fran Evans© Crown Copyright 2015
FCMS132 Scotland’s national tree ‘Our Scots Pine’ illustrated with the flora, fauna and products associated with the tree.
Our Scots Pine
www.forestry.gov.uk/scotland
Aibidil na GàidhligA airson Ailm, seadh, a’ chiad chraobh, Ulmus glabra ri fhaicinn anns gach taobh.
B airson Beithe – clachach, dubhach no beag A’ fàs an lùib nan carraig is nan creag.
C Coll (amhach,a rèir Dwelly no sgrios) Ach calltainn san t-seagh seo, tha fios.
D airson Darach, buidhe no uaine – Ged nach i ‘s àirde, chan eil cus nas buaine.
E airson Eadha no critheann air chrith ‘S e fhathast na sheasamh gun strì sam bith.
F ann am Fender is Frankia alni airson Feàrn A’ togail ceann anns gach ceàrn.
G Gort, nach goirt gun ghort anns a’ ghort Ri linn a’ ghaisidh ‘s an t-acras ort.
H nach cluinn thu ann an Uath ‘S a chì thu gu farsaing mun tuath.
I airson Iogh, seadh, ‘s e sin an t-iubhar A’ fàs anns a’ chladh fo dhubhar.
L airson Luis, a a’ fàs anns gach ball Sa bheinn, sa ghleann ‘s às a’ chloich ud thall.
M airson em, dè, ò aye airson Muin An lùib na th’ ann de Luis, ruis is nuin.
N airson Nuin – na leigheas is na dhìon Ann an sìde nan seachd sian ‘s a h-uile sìon.
O airson Onn mar chraobh na beatha Eadar Caol Loch Aillse ‘s Caol Reatha.
P airson Beith Bhog. Abair gu bheil i snog! Is ged a tha i beag, chan eil i buileach bog.
R airson Ruis – an tè ‘s luaithe air fad Gu cur nan duilleagan a-mach anns gach bad.
S airson Seileach, seall thar Loch Seile ‘S i ri siosarnaich ‘s ri sileadh thall san taobh eile.
T airson Teine, siuthad, nach dèan thu suidhe, Chan ann an cois na cagailt’ ach mun chonasg bhuidhe.
U airson ur no iubhar anns a’ mhonadh, Am fear mu dheireadh a’ fàs ann, mo ghonadh.
Le Rody Gorman
ABC Gaelic poem
Downloadable A poster with an ABC poem using tree names linked to the Gaelic alphabet.
FCMS112 Woodland Activity and Physical Activity cards to create your own trail — Easily adapted for different abilities and locations.
Publications
Wolf Brother’s Wildwoods
Woodland Workout
FCMS128 A Tree Story for each month with supporting information of folklore and facts on each tree. Written by Claire Hewitt .
Tree Stories
Early Years
Primary
Secondary
For Teachers
FCMS123 A resource to support teachers who are reading the novel Wolf Brother by Michelle Paver. There are 3 posters to accompany the resource FCMS123A, FCMS123B and FCMS123C.
Tree Stories (Gaelic)
FCMS128A Seanchas nan Craobh is the Gaelic Version.
The Picts
Download only Introducing the picts – a topic rich in imagination, creativity and enquiry.
How to get copiesItems with a stock code are available as hard copies from Forestry Commission Publications at [email protected]
Tel 0161 495 4845
All items are available for download at www.owlscotland.org
These activities are aimed at
the third and fourth level of
Curriculum for Excellence
(about 11 to 16 years old).
They involve children
developing a simple tool for
measuring tree height, using
angles and simple formulae.
In looking at tree spread
and crown measuring,
children will use a compass
(to mark north, south, east
and west) and calculate
averages. Discussions on
the accuracy of their
measurements and how
they might be used, can
take place. The information
gathered can also be used
to consider real-life
situations, like developing a
tree planting scheme.
Making and using a Clinometer
A clinometer relies on maths rules to calculate the height
of a tree. It is useful to discuss with the children how the
care taken in marking and cutting the clinometer, will affect
the accuracy of the results.
To make the clinometer cut a plate in half and exactly half way along this cut edge stick a piece of string
with a weight on the end, so that it dangles beyond the edge of the plate.
Find the middle of the plate’s curved edge
(marked 0° in the picture). A position exactly
half way between 0° and the cut edge of the
plate is 45°. For accuracy, use a protractor
to mark 45°. (Place the protractor’s straight
edge along the plate’s cut edge, with its centre
exactly half way along.) Glue a straw or an
empty pen tube along the cut edge.
Work in pairs. One partner looks through the
straw so that the treetop is visible. Then walk
backwards, away from the tree, keeping the top in the sights. The other person follows and notes when
the weighted string lines up with the 45° line. Stop when this happens and measure your distance from
the tree.
This distance is equal
to the height of the tree
minus your height. So
find out how tall you
are, add this to the
distance from the tree
and you have an
accurate measurement
of the tree height.
(For example – if the
distance from the tree
is 4 metres and the
child with the
clinometer is 1 metre
tall, the height of the
tree is 4m + 1m = 5m.)
TREE HEIGHTYou will need: a paper plate, a straw
(or empty pen tube), some string, a
weight (like plasticine), glue or sticky
tape, scissors and a measuring tape.
(Optional – protractor).
CURRICULUM LINKS
Mathematics
Number, money and
measure
Estimation and rounding
Number and number
processes
Measurement
Shape, position and
movement
Angle, symmetry and
transformation
Information handling
Data and analysis
Languages
Literacy and English
Listening and talking
Health and wellbeing
Physical education,
physical activity and
sport
Physical activity and
health
Pen tube View through here
String and weight
Paper plate
45o
0o45o
45o
Tree Measuring 3
www.owlscotland.org
27 STEPS30 STEPS
These activities are
aimed at the second
level of Curriculum for
Excellence (about 8 to
11 years old). They
develop children’s skills
in estimating andmeasurement(measuring to the
nearest cm), carrying
out calculations using
decimals andintroducing angles. The
children look at two
ways of measuring tree
height and calculate a
tree’s age from its girth.
CURRICULUM LINKS
Mathematics Number, money and
measure
Estimation and rounding
Number and number
processes
Measurement
Shape, position and
movement
Angle, symmetry and
transformation
Information handling
Data and analysis
Languages Literacy and English
Listening and talking
Health and wellbeing
Physical education,
physical activity and
sport Physical activity and
health
Looking through your legs
Ask each child to choose a tree and ask them to walk away from the tree, but every so often
bend forward and look through their legs back to the tree.
When they can just see the top of the tree,
the child stops and marks it or gets a friend
to stand there. Then measure the distance
along the ground from the tree to the marker.
This is roughly equal to the tree’s height.
This works because maths says that if you
view a tree’s top at a 45 degree angle then
the height of the tree is equivalent to the
distance that you are from that tree.
Using a metre stick
Work in pairs. Both children stand up against the trunk of their chosen tree. One child walks 30
steps away from the tree, lies down on the ground and looks up at the top of the tree. The other
child walks 27 steps from the tree and holds up a metre stick. The standing child should move
their finger up and down the stick until the child lying down can see it is in line with the tree top.
The height of the tree is ten times the height marked on the stick.
TREE HEIGHT
You will need: a measuring tape.
You will need: a metre stick.
45o
Tree Measuring 2
www.owlscotland.org
Trees and the Scottish Enlightenment
These activities areaimed at the first levelof Curriculum forExcellence (about 5 to8 years old). They helpchildren learn aboutestimation, simplemeasurement and basiccalculations, throughmeasuring the heightand girth of trees.
Before you start make sure that the children are familiar with the basic parts of a tree – roots,trunk, branches and leaves.
Estimating height
Comparing the height of a tree by eye, to objects of a similar height provides a sense of scale. Forexample the height of the tree can be compared to a person or a nearby building.
This can lead to discussions about closer objects looking bigger while those that are far away seemsmaller. Think about what you need to do to make your estimate better.
Working in pairs the children can estimate the height of a tree by measuring one child. This child then stands beside the tree. Their partner imagines how many times the measured child fits (head to foot) into the height of the tree (from the ground to the top of the tree).
Multiply the number of times the child fits, say 4 times, by the height of the child, say 1 metre to get the height of the tree – in this example the tree is 4 metres tall.
Using a pencil to measure tree height
Working in pairs, one child stays beside their tree while the other walks away from the tree but looks back at intervals. When they look back the child holds a pencil at arms length vertically and lines it up with the tree. Keep walking until the bottom of the tree is level with the bottom of the pencil, and the top of the tree is level with the top of the pencil.
Staying in the same spot, the child turns the pencil to a horizontal position, with the end of the pencil still at the base of the tree. The child standing beside the tree now walks away from the tree, at a right angle until they reach the “point” of the pencil. The pencil holder will need to shout “stop” to their partner when they look like they are level with the point of their pencil. Then mark this spot.
The distance between this mark and the base of the tree is the height of the tree. The distance can be measured roughly by pacing out or exactly by using a measuring tape or trundle wheel.
MEASURING HEIGHT
You will need: a measuring tape.
You will need: a pencil and ameasuring tape, or trundle wheel.
CURRICULUM LINKS
Mathematics Number, money and measure Estimation and rounding Number and number processes MeasurementLanguages Literacy and English Listening and talking
Health and wellbeing Physical education, physical activity and sport Physical activity and health
Tree Measuring 1
www.owlscotland.org
Tree Measuring1-2-3
Scotland’s Native Woodland
FCMS125 An introduction to the Scottish Enlighten-ment and the beginning of modern forestry.
Exploring native woodlands for Environmental Science N4 and N5 using the Native Woodland Survey of Scotland.
www.owlscotland.org
Sycamore Alder
OakBeech
Carried away
www.owlscotland.org
My woodland journey
www.owlscotland.org
What ’s in the trees?
www.owlscotland.org
Tied in knots
www.owlscotland.org
Scavenging around
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Woodland hideaways
Download only A series of activity postcards exploring a variety of topics for woodland and outdoor learning.
Download only A series of information sheets introducing Tree Measuring with age-appropriate activities and exploration.
Activity Cards
The World Beneath Our Feet
FCMS135 Connecting soils and curriculum. A series of soil-based activities that have been designed to add value across Curriculum for Excellence.
Wee Green Fingers
FCMS133 A pack of games, activities and information to explore biodiversity with young children.
Biodiversity Gardening for Young Children
Further Resources
Outdoor Learning Directory www.outdoorlearning directory.com
Forestry Commission Scotland www.forestry.gov.uk/scotland
Outdoor & Woodland Learning Scotland www.owlscotland.org
OWL Scotland Bonnie Maggio [email protected]
Forestry Commission Scotland Sally York [email protected]
Contact
Subscribe to the OWL Scotland Bulletinwww.owlscotland.org /Contact Us /Subscribe
Our Forest Our Future www.ourforestourfuture.org.uk
Facebook/Twitter www.facebook.com/foresteducationinitiative www.twitter.com/FCSed
Forests for the Future www.forestsforthefuture.co.uk
