Level 2 DDProficiency115

For Examiner’s Use Only

W1A [25]

W1 [25]

W2 [15]

R1 [10]

R2 [10]

R3 [10]

W3 [10]

R4 [10]

R5 [10]

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AIM Awards ESOL International Examinations (Anglia)

Level 2 (601/4949/8) Paper code: DDProficiency115

Please stick your candidate label here

CANDIDATE INSTRUCTIONS:

Time allowed including listening– THREE hours.

Make sure you have the correct candidate label in the

box above.

Answer ALL questions in PEN in the spaces provided.

Check the back page.

You may use correcting fluid if necessary.

Writing Section [50] Reading Section [50] Marker’s Initials

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Choose EITHER Section W1A or Section W1.

Tick the topic you are writing about

Section W1A (25 marks)

These essay options are for AcCEPT Proficiency candidates who DO wish to write an academic essay and DO wish to qualify for an AcCEPT certificate.

Write a composition of about 300 words on ONE of the following topics:

1. Some studies show that schools which put more emphasis on competitive sports do better academically. Outline the advantages and disadvantages of competitive sport in schools.

2. Social networking sites like Facebook hold a lot of personal information about their users. To what extent is this a cause for concern?

3. It is the responsibility of governments, businesses and individuals to take action against global warming. Discuss.

4. Several countries use part-time voluntary police officers, who work alongside full-time professional police officers. Outline the arguments both for and against this practice.

or

Section W1 (25 marks)

These essay options are for General English Proficiency candidates who do NOT wish to write an academic essay and do NOT wish to qualify for an AcCEPT certificate.

Write a composition of about 300 words on ONE of the following topics:

5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of smart phones?

6. Describe what your city will be like 50 years in the future.

7. Write an account of a day when you made a mistake which had a terrible effect.

8. ‘Space exploration is a waste of money.’ Discuss.

Have you ticked a box yet? Write your essay here.

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Ask for extra paper if required

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Section W2 (15 marks) You must do both Task 1 and Task 2 You recently decided to study abroad, in a country where English is the first language. Task 1- Write a letter of 110–130 words to an English school where you wish to study. In your letter you should:

explain why you have chosen this school

ask about studying and living in this country

(Include the addresses in the letter but do not include them in the number of words.)

Now go to task 2 to complete this section

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Section W2 (continued) Task 2 Write an email of about 70 words to a friend. In your email you should:

tell your friend about your worries about studying abroad

give two reasons why your friend should join you at an English language school

From:

Subject:

Message:

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Level 2 DDProficiency115 Page 5 of 11

Section R1 (10 marks) Read the following passage and answer all the questions.

Historic Kick-Off

Strapped into a robotic suit, paraplegic Juliano Pinto made history by standing upright

and kicking a football at the Rio World Cup opening ceremony in 2014. Despite being

paralysed from the waist down, Juliano was able to move his legs to kick the ball,

just by using his thoughts. The robotic exoskeleton is controlled purely by the mind.

The 29-year-old Brazilian, along with seven other volunteers, had been in training in

virtual reality for eight months in order to understand and be able to control the suit.

Of the eight volunteers, Juliano was selected to showcase the invention. It is hoped

that such robot suits will one day make wheelchairs unnecessary, allowing paralysed

patients to walk again and restoring some self-reliance to car crash survivors, stroke

victims and injured soldiers.

The suit was created as a result of teamwork between 150 university researchers

from Germany, Switzerland, Brazil and the USA. Together they make up the Walk

Again Project, led by Brazilian neuroscientist Dr Miguel Nicolelis, of Duke University.

The research started with very fine wires being implanted into the brains of rats and

monkeys in order to detect weak electrical signals. It took decades of testing to get

to the point where Juliano could kick the ball by wearing a non-invasive headpiece:

effectively a cap of electrodes placed on his head. To operate the robotic suit, the

wearer simply thinks about it. He is strapped into the suit, which supports the lower

body and brain signals are sent to a computer in a backpack, which converts them

into movement. This information is then sent to the legs of the suit, which are

powered by hydraulics, doing the job the patient’s muscles no longer can. It is

powered by a battery that allows two hours of continuous use.

The suit went through numerous safety tests. The exoskeleton is fitted with multiple

gyros to stop it falling over during the balancing act of bipedal walking. It has

multiple airbags. Doing a demonstration in a stadium was something very new for the

Walk Again Project. Before the opening ceremony, Nicolelis and his colleagues went

to football matches to check whether mobile phone radiation from the crowds might

affect the suit. The tests were encouraging and they no longer worried about the suit

malfunctioning.

Nicolelis says of the invention that there was a phenomenal amount of technology

involved, including sensors that feed data about pressure and temperature back to

the arms of the user, which still have feeling. This fools the brain into thinking that

the sensation comes from their foot. An exoskeleton has never offered feedback to

patients in this way before. The team hoped it would replicate the feeling of kicking

a ball. This it apparently did. Juliano stated that he really felt as if his legs were

moving.

‘We did it!’ Nicolelis tweeted in celebration of the groundbreaking moment. But some

observers argued the historic event was not given the attention it deserved.

Unfortunately, many TV crews’ attention was elsewhere when Pinto took his kick. Not

all TV networks captured the event, prompting widespread criticism on Twitter.

Nobody, however, can deny that history was made.

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For questions 1-8 tick () the box. (1 mark each) 1. Juliano Pinto is paralysed in his lower body.

True False Doesn’t say

2. Eight people were trained to use the suit. True False Doesn’t say

3. Juliano Pinto was injured in a car crash.

True False Doesn’t say

4. The Walk Again Project is an international collaboration.

True False Doesn’t say

5. The research and testing took less than 10 years.

True False Doesn’t say

Write the words in the box. (½ mark each)

6. Scientists hope that the suit will eventually

A encourage other paraplegics to play sport.

B replace the need for wheelchairs.

C be powered by alternative sources of energy.

A B C

7. What were scientists concerned about prior to the event?

A the size of the stadium

B interference from other technology

C the battery life of the suit

A B C

8. What was criticised on social media?

A poor event organisation

B lack of television coverage C dull sports commentary

A B C

9. Find the word in the passage which means the SAME as:

demonstrate (paragraph 1)

remarkable (paragraph 4)

10. Find the word in the passage which means the OPPOSITE of:

powerful (paragraph 2)

worrying (paragraph 3)

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Section R2 – Summary (10 marks) Read paragraphs 2, 3, 4 and 5. With the information you find, write a summary in your own words on how the robotic suit works. Do not use less than 50 words or more than 75 words.

Section R3 - Reading (10 marks) Read the passage about light pollution. Six sentences have been removed from the text. Choose from the extracts A – H, the one which fits each gap. There are two extracts you do not need to use. One of them has been done for you as an example.

A - The good news, however, is that light pollution can be reduced by shielding lights

properly, by only using light when and where it is needed, and by using energy efficient bulbs.

B - It also washes out starlight in the night sky, interferes with astronomical research, disrupts ecosystems and can have an adverse effect on our health.

C – This new legislation might help tackle the problem, but unless the world’s governments agree to take practical steps, very little will change.

D - Humans in particular depend on natural body cycles called circadian rhythms and the production of melatonin, regulated by light and dark.

E - By allowing artificial lights to wash out our starry night skies, we are losing touch with all this, our cultural heritage that has made us who we are.

F - The result of it is loss of contrast, which sometimes blinds you temporarily and leads to unsafe driving conditions, particularly among the elderly.

G – There are numerous obvious benefits, both to the environment and to the wellbeing of our urban populations.

H - The importance of what these people have lost to light pollution cannot be understated, but many are still ‘in the dark’, so to speak, about the issue and need to be made aware.

Title:

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Level 2 DDProficiency115 Page 8 of 11

Too Much Light Makes It Hard To See

Everyone has heard of air and water pollution, but have you ever stopped to wonder about the effect our brightly-lit cities have on the environment? Too much light pollution has consequences. It’s a waste of energy, but that’s not all. 1. A little more than 100 years ago, no one would have predicted

these concerns. You could walk outside at night, even in a city and see the Milky Way galaxy arch across the sky. Being able to see thousands of stars was part of everyday life, inspiring artists like Van Gogh or musical composers like Holst or writers like Shakespeare. example 2. E We are also losing touch with what could inspire

future generations. With more than half of the world’s population now living in cities, three out of every four people in them have never experienced the wonder of totally dark skies. 3. This awareness that light pollution is a concern is vital for many

reasons: safety, energy conservation, cost, health and effects on wildlife, as well as our ability to view the stars. In addition, they need to be convinced that it’s worthwhile to take even small steps to help fix this problem. Light pollution poses a serious threat in particular to nocturnal wildlife. This also has negative impacts on plant and animal physiology. It can confuse the migratory patterns of animals and birds, alter behaviour between animals, change predator-prey relations, and cause physiological harm. The rhythm of life is controlled by the natural daytime patterns of light and dark. Disruption to these patterns will have an effect on many species. 4. If we are exposed to light while sleeping,

melatonin production can be suppressed. This can lead to sleep disorders and other health problems such as increased headaches, fatigue, stress and obesity. With respect to energy wastage, lighting is responsible for at least one fourth of all electricity consumption worldwide. Over illumination can constitute energy wastage, especially upward directed lighting at night. Wasting energy is also a waste in cost and carbon footprint. 5. This would go some way to tackling the

problem; but light pollution also needs to be better understood. Clinically speaking, three main types of light pollution include glare, light trespass and skyglow. Glare from unshielded lighting is a public-health hazard — especially the older you become. 6. Then there is Light Trespass, which occurs

when unwanted light enters one’s property, for example, by shining unwanted light into a bedroom window of a person trying to sleep. Skyglow refers to the glow effect that can be seen over populated areas. Skyglow is the combination of all the reflected light and upward-directed light escaping up into the sky.

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Level 2 DDProficiency115 Page 9 of 11

Section W3 (10 marks) Rewrite the sentences to give the same meaning as the original, using the word or words given. Do not change the given word or words in any way at all. Change all direct speech to indirect speech.

Example: I’m certain he will get lost. (bound)

He is bound to get lost.

1. Please don’t wear your shoes indoors. (would rather)

2. I don’t want a sandwich. I’ll have the soup. (prefer)

3. Nobody told me about the test, so I didn’t study last night. (If somebody)

4. She didn’t realise the hotel was so big until she arrived. (Only when)

5. My mother wishes she had learned to drive. (regrets)

6. I’m certain that the dog stole the sausages. (must)

7. You really should tell him the truth now. (high time)

8. ‘Sally, don’t forget to take an umbrella,’ said Jane. (reminded)

9. Someone is cutting my hair next weekend. (having)

10. ‘Shall we go to the cinema on Friday?’ said Debbie. (suggested)

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Level 2 DDProficiency115 Page 10 of 11

Section R4 (10 marks) Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets. Example In court, he denied the accusation that he’d robbed a bank. (accuse)

1. These trousers are too long. I know someone who will

__________________ them for me.

(short)

2. The mystery of the missing diamond has been

__________________ for fifty years. We’ll never know what

happened.

(solve)

3. We had to __________________ poems when I was at school. (memory)

4. My new dog is so __________________. He always does what he’s

told.

(obey)

5. This large car is __________________ and uses a lot of petrol. (efficient)

6. Is this an __________________ painting by Picasso? (origin)

7. The doctor gave me a __________________ for some cough medicine and antibiotics.

(prescribe)

8. They all walked __________________ across the frozen lake. (caution)

9. Vanessa has always been very __________________ and likes doing things herself.

(depend)

10. We all had a really __________________ time at the party. It was great!

(enjoy)

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Level 2 DDProficiency115 Page 11 of 11

Section R5 (10 marks) Write the missing words on the lines. Write only one word in each space. There is an example.

Google’s Changing Logo

Doodles are the fun, surprising changes which Google (example) makes to its

homepage logo to celebrate special events. In 1998, the idea (1) _____________ born

when founders Larry and Sergey played with the logo (2) _____________ indicate their

attendance at a festival. They placed a figure in the word ‘Google’, and the revised

logo told users that they were ‘out of office’.

In 2000, a young employee called Dennis Hwang produced a Bastille Day doodle. It

was (3) _____________ well received that doodles started appearing more and

(4) _____________ regularly on the homepage. In the beginning, doodles celebrated

major occasions (5) _____________ as national holidays; now, they highlight a range of

events (6) _____________ famous birthdays to The World Cup.

Over time, the demand for doodles (7) _____________ risen. Creating doodles is the

responsibility (8) _____________ illustrators or ‘doodlers’. The team has created over

2000 doodles in the (9) _____________ 15 years. Doodlers meet regularly to decide

(10) _____________ events will be celebrated. Users can email proposals@google.com

with ideas for the next doodle.

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