Aim:Aim:Summarize Summarize

Napoleon’s Defeat, Napoleon’s Defeat, Comeback, and Final Comeback, and Final

DownfallDownfall

Napoleon’s Costly MistakesNapoleon’s Costly Mistakes Napoleon’s own Napoleon’s own personality proved to be his personality proved to be his greatest dangergreatest danger

Desire for powerDesire for power

Nov 1806: Napoleon sets Nov 1806: Napoleon sets up a up a blockadeblockade

Forcible closure of portsForcible closure of ports Prevent trade & communication Prevent trade & communication between Britain & other European between Britain & other European nationsnations Policy called the Policy called the Continental Continental System System Supposed to make continental Supposed to make continental Europe self-sufficient Europe self-sufficient

Napoleon’s blockade not Napoleon’s blockade not tight enoughtight enough

Britain responded with its own Britain responded with its own blockadeblockade Had a stronger navy than Had a stronger navy than NapoleonNapoleon Led to War of 1812 with the Led to War of 1812 with the United StatesUnited States

The Peninsula WarThe Peninsula War 1808: In an effort to get 1808: In an effort to get Portugal to accept the Portugal to accept the Continental System, Napoleon Continental System, Napoleon sent an invasion force through sent an invasion force through Spain Spain

Napoleon removed the Spanish king Napoleon removed the Spanish king and put his own brother, Joseph on and put his own brother, Joseph on the throne the throne Outraged the Spanish peopleOutraged the Spanish people

Napoleon lost about 300,000 Napoleon lost about 300,000 men during the Peninsula Warmen during the Peninsula War

Called this because Spain lies on Called this because Spain lies on Iberian Peninsula Iberian Peninsula Loses weakened the French Empire Loses weakened the French Empire

Nationalism was becoming a Nationalism was becoming a powerful weapon against powerful weapon against NapoleonNapoleon

People who welcomed French now People who welcomed French now felt abused felt abused Germans and Italians turned Germans and Italians turned against the Frenchagainst the French

The Invasion of RussiaThe Invasion of Russia 1812, Napoleon most 1812, Napoleon most disastrous mistake disastrous mistake

French & Russian rulers suspected French & Russian rulers suspected each other of having competing each other of having competing designs for Polanddesigns for Poland Because of breakdown in alliances, Because of breakdown in alliances, Napoleon decided to invade Russia Napoleon decided to invade Russia

June 1812: Napoleon's army June 1812: Napoleon's army (420,000 soldiers) marched (420,000 soldiers) marched into Russiainto Russia

Alexander (Russian Czar) pulled Alexander (Russian Czar) pulled back his troops refusing to be lured back his troops refusing to be lured into battleinto battle Russians practiced a Russians practiced a scorched-scorched-earth policyearth policy Involved burning grain fields and Involved burning grain fields and slaughtering live-stock to leave slaughtering live-stock to leave nothing for enemy to eatnothing for enemy to eat Russians fells back, Allowing Russians fells back, Allowing Napoleon to move on Moscow but Napoleon to move on Moscow but Alexander decided to burn city Alexander decided to burn city rather than surrender itrather than surrender it Upon leaving Russia, many of Upon leaving Russia, many of Napoleons trooped died due to Napoleons trooped died due to exhaustion, hunger, & cold weather exhaustion, hunger, & cold weather

Napoleon’s DownfallNapoleon’s Downfall All of the main powers of All of the main powers of Europe were now at war with Europe were now at war with FranceFrance

Napoleon faced the allied armies of Napoleon faced the allied armies of Europe outside the German city of Europe outside the German city of LeipzigLeipzig Jan 1814, allied armies were Jan 1814, allied armies were pushing toward Parispushing toward Paris

April 1814, Napoleon April 1814, Napoleon accepted the terms of accepted the terms of surrender & gave up thronesurrender & gave up throne

Victors gave Napoleon small Victors gave Napoleon small pension & banished him to Elbapension & banished him to Elba

Louis XVIII assumed throne Louis XVIII assumed throne of Franceof France

Became unpopular among FranceBecame unpopular among France Within days, Napoleon becomes Within days, Napoleon becomes emperor againemperor again European allies prepared for battle European allies prepared for battle near village of near village of WaterlooWaterloo Defeat ended Napoleon’s bid for Defeat ended Napoleon’s bid for powerpower 1821, Napoleon dies of stomach 1821, Napoleon dies of stomach ailment ailment