Air Law

1.06 ATC, Flight Planning, and Rules of the AirReferences:

TC AIMCARsFTGU Pages 108-113,

Review

1. What class of airspace goes from 12000’ASL to 17999’ASL?

2. What is the difference between the altimeter setting region and the standard pressure region?

3. What class of airspace is uncontrolled?

4. In which classes of airspace do you need a radio?

5. What are the 2 types of restricted F class airspace?

1.06 ATC, Flight Planning, and Rules of the Air

• MTPs:– Air Traffic Control– Clearances and Instructions– Flight Plans and Itineraries– Right of Way– Rules of the Air

Air Traffic Control

Air Traffic Control (ATC) Unit:

• area control centre established to provide ATC service to:

– IFR and controlled VFR (CVFR) flights

– IFR flights and CVFR flights operating within a control area

– airport traffic as the circumstances require

Air Traffic Control

Air Traffic Control:• Job is to prevent

collisions between: • Aircraft• a/c and obstructions• a/c and vehicles on

the maneuvering area

– and expediting and maintaining an orderly flow of air traffic

Clearances and Instructions

• Air Traffic Control Clearance:– Authorization by an ATC unit for an a/c to

proceed within controlled airspace under specified conditions

– Once accepted, it must be executed unless you make alternate arrangements

“YOU MAY”

• Air Traffic Control Instruction:– A directive issued by an ATC unit for ATC

purposes“YOU MUST”

Flight Plans and Itineraries

Flight Plan:Filed with an ATC or FIC

Provides cross country route information as well as A/C specific details that would aid in search and rescue efforts

Search and rescue notified after

1 hour overdue

Flight Itinerary:Less formal than the Flight

Plan

Filed with a

responsible

person

Search and rescue notified after 24hrs overdue

Versus

Flight Plans and Itineraries

Flight Plans and Itineraries

• Arrival Reports:–Contents of an arrival report for a

flight plan or flight itinerary shall include:• type of flight plan or flight itinerary• the departure aerodrome• the arrival aerodrome• the date and time of arrival

Confirmation

• What is the difference between an ATC instruction and clearance?

Instruction:

Clearance:

• Fill in the blanks:– ____________________ is filed with a responsible

person.

– ____________________ is filed with an ATC or an FIC.

Right of Way

– If there is risk of collision, the pilot in command (PIC) with right of way must take action to avoid it

– Aircraft with emergency has the right of way

Right of Way

• Right of Way: order of priority

– Powered aircraft give way to airships, gliders and balloons;

– Airships give way to gliders and balloons; – Gliders give way to balloons; and – Powered aircraft give way to aircraft that are

towing objects or carrying a slung load

Right of Way

Scenario #1: Two aircraft converging at the same altitude:

• Aircraft with other on its right gives way

Right of Way

Scenario #2: two aircraft are approaching head-on both shall divert course to the right

Right of Way

• Scenario #3: When 2 aircraft are coming in to land, the faster one will give way to the slower one

Right of Way

• Scenario #4: When 2 aircraft are coming in to land, the higher one will give way to the lower one

• However…. Lower aircraft shall not overtake or cut in front of higher aircraft that is in the final stages of approach

Confirmation

• Who has right of way when 2 aircraft are at the same altitude?

• If heading straight on to another aircraft, which way shall you both turn?

• When landing, which aircraft has the right of way?

Rules of the Air

1: Aircraft overtaking another aircraft shall pass on the right (unless ridge soaring: on the inside)– An aircraft in flight or manoeuvring on the surface must give way

to an aircraft that is landing– Do not pass over or under, or cross ahead of, another aircraft if

you are not far enough away to not create a risk of collision

Rules of the Air

2:Dropping of Objects:–No person shall

create a hazard to persons or property on the surface by dropping an object from an aircraft in flight

Rules of the Air

3: Minimum altitudes• Over built up areas, an

aircraft must remain 1000’ above and 2000’ from an obstacle– (except for take off and

landing)

• Over rural areas, an aircraft must remain 500’ from an obstacle – (except for take off and

landing)

1000’

2000’

500’ 500’

Rules of the Air

Exceptions to minimum altitudes:

– for the purpose of a police operation– for the purpose of saving human life– for the purpose of fighting forest fires– for the purpose of flight training when a qualified instructor

is onboard

Rules of the Air

4. Formation Flying:– No person shall operate an aircraft in formation with other

aircraft except by pre-arrangement between the PICs; or– where the flight is conducted within a control zone,

between PICs and the appropriate ATC unit

Rules of the Air

5. Aerobatics shall not be conducted:– Over a built up area or an

open assembly of people– In controlled airspace

except with a special flight operations certificate

– When visibility is less than 3 miles

– Below 2000’ AGL except in accordance with special flight operations certificate

Rules of the Air

• Aerobatics:– Aerobatics shall not

be conducted with passengers on board unless the PIC has:

• 10 hours of aerobatic instruction or 20 hours conducting aerobatics

• At least one hour of conducting aerobatic manoeuvres in the last 6 months

Confirmation

1. Fill in the missing distances.

2. What do you need to do before you can fly in formation?

3. When can you go below the minimum altitudes?

4. What requirements must you meet to fly aerobatics?

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