AIR POLLUTION

Japhet Tuazon

Anton Domingo

Jirah Coronado

Jomar Dalaguit

Stephanie Delfin

Ian Manlapaz

WHAT IS AIR POLLUTION?

when wastes dirty the air

can be in the form of gases and particulates

caused by either artificial or natural pollutants

Effects of Air Pollution

Health

Agriculture

Smog and acid rain

Climate changes

What is air pollution?

www.wwf.it/summit/photogallery.asp?P=4

Major air pollutants

Carbon monoxide (CO) - produced by the incomplete burning of carbon-based fuels

Carbon dioxide (CO2) - emitted as a result of human activities

Chloroflorocarbons (CFC) - gases that are released mainly from air-conditioning systems and refrigeration

Lead - present in petrol, diesel, lead batteries, paints, hair dye products, etc.

Ozone - naturally in the upper layers of the atmosphere Nitrogen oxide (Nox) - produced from burning fuels Sulphur dioxide (SO2) - produced from burning coal, mainly

in thermal power plants

What is air pollution?

carbon monoxide

transportation - 66.3%

fuel combustion - 11.7%

industrial processes -7.6%

solid waste disposal -2.8%

miscellaneous - 11.6%

nitrogen oxides

transportation - 43.0%

fuel combustion - 53.0%

industrial processes -3.0%

solid waste disposal -0.5%

miscellaneous - 0.5%

Particulates

transportation - 20.0%

fuel combustion - 25.7%

industrial processes -35.7%

solid waste disposal -4.3%

miscellaneous - 14.3%

Sulphur Oxides

transportation - 4.4%

fuel combustion - 80.4%

industrial processes -15.2%

How do we regulate air pollution?

if possible take your bicycle if you are going out use public forms of transport reduce the use of aerosols in the household Do not burn leaves in your garden, put them in a compost pit. pollution check for your family car is done at regular intervals Cars should, as far as possible, be fitted with catalytic converters. Use only unleaded petrol.

How do we regulate air pollution? (part2)

Adjusting the engine to cause more efficient combustion and reduce CO and HC increases NO

Alternate fuels, including natural gas, liquefied natural gas and propane

Alternate types of engines, including steam, electric, and gas turbine Methods are being developed for removing sulfur from coal and oil Controlling particulates from stack gases and waste air stream Fly ash from electric power generating plants

So let us strive to keep our air clean

Sources of Air Pollution

combustion of gasoline and other hydrocarbon fuels in automobiles, trucks, and jet airplanes produces several primary pollutants:nitrogen oxidesgaseous hydrocarbonscarbon monoxide large quantities of particulates lead

nitrogen oxides combine with hydrocarbons to form a secondary class of pollutants, the photochemical oxidants

nitrogen oxides also react with oxygen in the air to form nitrogen dioxide, a foul-smelling brown gas.

in urban areas where transportation is the main cause of air pollution, nitrogen dioxide tints the air, blending with other contaminants and the atmospheric water vapor to produce brown smog

burning of fossil fuels (oil and coal) in generating stations, factories, office buildings, and homes and by the incineration of garbage

massive combustion produces tons of ash, soot, and other particulates responsible for the smog, along with enormous quantities of sulfur oxides (which also may be result from burning coal and oil)

these oxides rust iron, damage building stone, decompose nylon, tarnish silver, and kill plants

petroleum refineries -extensive hydrocarbon and particulate pollution

particulates- iron and steel mills, metal smelters, pulp and paper mills, chemical plants, cement and asphalt

uninsulated high-voltage power lines ionize the adjacent air, forming ozone and other hazardous pollutants

airborne pollutants insecticides, herbicides, radioactive fallout dust from fertilizers, mining operations, and livestock

feedlots

REFERENCES www.wwf.it/summit/photogallery.asp?P=4 http://edugreen.teri.res.in/explore/air/air.htm World Book Encyclopedia Microsoft Encarta 2004 http://www.loganleigh.com.au/graphics/aerosol.gif http://www.usafe.af.mil/direct/se/AirScoop/AS-99-0910/Graphics/Leaves.jpg http://www.green-trust.org/2000/biofuel/babington/

SA_STEAM_ENGINE_FLYWHEEL_IN_CENTER_REAR_QTR_050202_small.jpg http://www.bartleby.com/65/ai/airpollu.html