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Andrew Jackson7th President of the United States (1829-1837)
Born March 15, 1767 – Died June 8, 1845
Alabama’s First President
Jackson Statueby Clark Mills, 1853,
near the
White House in
Lafayette Square
General
Andrew Jacksonby Thomas Sully, 1824
At least forty-two locations named for him including Jackson County in Alabama
Franklin (163), Washington (142), Jefferson (65), Jackson (61)
(Presidential Ratings 1996 5th, 2016-18 17th)
Presentation by Phil Wirey, updated August 2019
Rachel DonelsonJohn Donelson
John SevierJohn Coffee Davy Crockett John C. Calhoun
Captain George Fields
"I know of no great service you have rendered the country except taking a trip with another man's wife.“, John Sevier, 1803
Chrono-
logical
order
President
Schlesing-
er 1948
poll rank
Schlesing-
er 1962
poll rank
1982
Murray-
Blessing
survey of
846
historians
Average
poll
ranking
16 Abraham Lincoln 1 1 1 1.0 Wartime President
1 George Washington 2 2 3 2.3 Military General
32 Franklin D. Roosevelt 3 3 2 2.7 Wartime President
28 Woodrow Wilson 4 4 6 4.7 Wartime President
3 Thomas Jefferson 5 5 4 4.7 Vice President
7 Andrew Jackson 6 6 7 6.3 Military General
26 Theodore Roosevelt 7 7 5 6.3
Vice President /
Colonel Spanish War
33 Harry S. Truman – 9 8 8.5 Wartime President
2 John Adams 9 10 9 9.3 Vice President
11 James K. Polk 10 8 12 10.0 Wartime President
22, 24 Grover Cleveland 8 11 17 12.0 Governor
6 John Quincy Adams 11 13 16 13.3 Secretary of State
4 James Madison 14 12 14 13.3 Wartime President
5 James Monroe 12 18 15 15.0 Secretary of State
America’s
Greatest
Presidents?
1920’s Ratings Phil’s Ratings Indian Removal *
George Washington Andrew Jackson George Washington
Abraham Lincoln Thomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson Abraham Lincoln Ulysses S. Grant
Andrew Jackson George Washington Andrew Jackson
Theodore Roosevelt Ulysses S. Grant Abraham Lincoln
Mount Rushmore – Washington, Lincoln, Jefferson, Roosevelt
“The removal of the tribes from the territory
which they now inhabit...would not only shield
them from impending ruin, but promote their
welfare and happiness. Experience has
clearly demonstrated that in their present
state it is impossible to incorporate them in
such masses, in any form whatever, into our
system.”
* Preferred Drinks: Dark Beer, Wine, Champagne, Whiskey, Water
Mint Julep
General Mad
Anthony
Wayne
Compact of
1802
The Long
Walk
Calvin Coolidge
Thomas Jefferson’s Declaration
of Independence (he is the
present King of Great-Britain):
He has excited domestic
Insurrections amongst us, and has
endeavored to bring on the
Inhabitants of our Frontiers, the
merciless Indian Savages, whose
known Rule of Warfare, is an
undistinguished Destruction, of all
Ages, Sexes and Conditions.
Royal Proclamation of 1763
Treaty of Paris
Andrew Jackson’s Homes and Occupations (1767-1845)
Homes
Waxhaw (NC, SC), Jonesboro, Nashville (TN), Natchez (MS),
Pensacola (FL), Melton’s Bluff (Lawrence County), Jackson Hollow (Sheffield) (AL), Washington (DC)
Occupations
•Saddle Maker, School Teacher, Lawyer
•Solicitor of the Western District
•Delegate to the Tennessee constitutional convention
•U.S. Representative
•U.S. Senator as a Democratic-Republican.
•Judge of the Tennessee Supreme Court
•Governor of Florida
•Colonel and General State Militia
•General US Army – Southern Division (William Henry Harrison – General Northern Division)
•Commissioner to the Indians under William Crawford and John C. Calhoun, from 1814 to 1824 Jackson
(called Sharp Knife) was instrumental in negotiating nine out of eleven treaties with the Southern Tribes
•Planter, slave owner, merchant, distiller, breeder of racing horses
•Fought ?? duels, wounded once in which he killed Charles Dickinson,
most famous duel was with John Sevier
•Mason, professed no religious affiliation during presidency, Methodist, Presbyterian
7th US President
Abraham Lincoln referred to Andrew Jackson’s addresses when planning his own inaugural address.
Franklin Delano Roosevelt referred to Jackson as his favorite president and visited Hermitage
Early Forts and Settlements East Tennessee
highlighting Early Settlers of Morgan County, AL
(Goodspeed’s 1886 Tennessee Map)
Clinton (orig. Burrsville,
renamed for VP George Clinton)
Sutherland’s Ferry
White’s Fort - Knoxville
Southwest Point - Kingston
Craig, Houston’s, Black’s
Stations - near Maryville
Governor’s Station – John
Sevier’s Home, Marble Springs
Stephen Heard
John Menefee
Dr. John Sutherland
Captain Joel Wallace and Esther
Houston, great aunt of Sam Houston
Moytoy I, great-grandfather of Chief
Black Fox
George Fields alerts Campbell and
McCaleb at Campbell’s Station of
Cherokee activities
Aaron Burleson II, 1784, killed by
Indians crossing Cane Creek on Clinch
River with Daniel Boone
Davy Crockett
Doublehead’s Massacre, 1793, 13 killed
Black Fox, born 1746 at
Eustanali, perhaps on
Eastaunaula Creek flowing
into Hiwassee River
Fort Patrick Henry,
beginning of Colonel
John Donelson’s 1779-80
voyage to French Lick
(Kingsport to Nashville)
Elk Gardens
Sevierville
Morristown
Native American Attacks on Settlers
•One settler killed every 10 days in 1789
•Cumberland area had 62 deaths during 1791-1792
•Knoxville reported 71 deaths in 7 months in 1793
•Martha Crawley Massacre, Duck River in 1812, 7
members of Manley family killed, Martha Crawley
rescued by Tandy Walker, taken to St. Stephens
•Fort Mims Massacre in 1813, 514 killed
•General Jackson attacks in October 1813
Little Pigeon River
Watauga Settlement
Tri-Cities, Elizabethton, Jonesboro, Rocky Mount (William Cobb – 5th ggf)
Jonesboro
George
Fields
Camp CoffeeCotaco CreekFlint Creek
referred to in Chickasaw Certificate of 7-21-1794
as Teuchacunda, Tenchacunda, or Tarchecunda
Creek, also called Creek of Wild Corn (possibly
from Yuchi tribe, Children of the Sun)
Hutchings Bluffs, also
referred to as Long Bluff
Colonel John Donelson’s
voyage in the boat
Adventure passes here
March 11-12, 1780
Foxes Creek
Mallet Creek
Melton’s Bluff
(Andrew
Jackson’s
Plantation 1816)
Spring Creek
Pathkiller’s Creek
Big Nance, Na-Ni,
sister to
Doublehead
Town Creek
Campell’s Ferry
Coldwater Creek
Rose’s Bluff
Caney Creek
Bear Creek
Armstrong Ridge
Huntsville
John Coffee Map
Approved: March 15, 1816
Surveyors: John Hutchings, Charles Bright
Chickasaw
Old Fields
44 Mile Tree on
Gaines Road
surveyed by
General
Edmund P.
Gaines and
possible
location of Flat
Rock on the
Little Bear
Creek. He was
with General
William Henry
Harrison's army
at the Battle of
the Thames and
is buried in
Mobile.
Tennessee River, originally called
Hogohegee, River of the Cherokee,
or Cusatees River, eventually
named after Tannassee Cherokee
Indian Village
Stephen Heard
John Menefee
Dr. John Sutherland
Captain Joel Wallace
and Esther Houston
Chief Black Fox
Captain George Fields
Jonathan Burleson
Davy Crockett
John Coffee
Fort Deposit
Lanes
Springs
Home of Major William Russell,
Gaines Road and Andrew
Jackson HighwayCreeks Crossing
Basis Meridian runs along
side Maple Hill Cemetery
Hazel Green
Winchester
York Bluff
(Andrew
Jackson 1817)
Muscle Shoals
Revolutionary War
Martha Crawley Incident
Creek Indian War
Major Ridge
William Weatherford Release
Battle of New Orleans
Duals
Presidential Elections
Death of Rachel
Like Jefferson Died in Debt
Major Ridge Henry Clay John Calhoun
“I have only two regrets,
that I never shot Henry Clay
or hanged John C.
Calhoun.”
Andrew Jackson
Andrew Jackson 1767-1845
Military career (7-0-1)
•Courier in Revolutionary War (captured)
•Creek Indian War (3-0-1)
•War of 1812 (1-0) 7th Military District
•First Seminole War (3-0)
(George Washington (6-10) - French Indian War (2-2),
Revolutionary War (3-6), Washington’s War (1-2))
Presidency, beginning of Jacksonian Period
•Won popular vote in elections of 1824, 1828, 1832
•1st populist president and 1st modern president
•Began spoils system, liberal use of the veto system,
12 vetoes (10 by first six presidents, 635 by FDR)
•Survived first presidential attack and assassination attempt
•Pushed Indian Removal Act through Congress
•Handled the France debt crisis without going to war
•Handled the Nullification crisis while
keeping South Carolina from succeeding
•Headed opposition to the National Bank and
Nicholas Biddle due to corruption
•Only president to retire the National Debt
From James Parton
Three Volume Set
1860’s
Key Points:
The tribes which occupied the countries now constituting the Eastern States were
annihilated or have melted away to make room for the whites.
We now propose to acquire the countries occupied by the red men of the South and West
by a fair exchange, and, at the expense of the United States, to send them to land where
their existence may be prolonged and perhaps made perpetual.
The red man … is unwilling to submit to the laws of the States and mingle with their
population. To save him from this alternative, or perhaps utter annihilation, the General
Government kindly offers him a new home, and proposes to pay the whole expense of
his removal and settlement.
It puts an end to all possible danger of collision between the authorities of the General
and State Governments on account of the Indians.
The settlement of the whites .. will incalculably strengthen the southwestern frontier and
render the adjacent States strong enough to repel future invasions without remote aid.
It will separate the Indians from immediate contact with settlements of whites; free them
from the power of the States; enable them to pursue happiness in their own way and
under their own rude institutions; will retard the progress of decay, which is lessening their
numbers, and perhaps cause them gradually, under the protection of the Government and
through the influence of good counsels, to cast off their savage habits and become an
interesting, civilized, and Christian community.
Transcript of President Andrew Jackson’s
1830 Annual Message to Congress, Subject - Indian Removal45,000 American Indians were relocated to the West
during Jackson's and Van Buren’s administration
Andrew Jackson’s Last Words -
“Oh, do not cry - be good children
and we will all meet in heaven.”
Hannah
Jackson,
c. 1880
The tomb of
Andrew and
Rachel
Donelson
Jackson
When
asked if
Jackson
had gone
to Heaven,
a slave
replied,
“If the
General
wants to
go, who is
going to
stop
him?”
Uncle
Alfred
Jackson,
buried
next to
General
Jackson
The
Hermitage,
built 1819,
burned 1834,
rebuilt 1835,
damaged by
fire in 1836,
sold to state
in 1856