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Trogoniformes. Meropidae (Bee-eaters). Momotidae (Motmots). Todidae (Todies). Alcedinidae (Kingfishers). Coraciiformes. Leptosomatidae (Cuckoo-roller). Coraciidae (Rollers). Brachypteraciidae (Ground Rollers). Upupidae (Hoopoes). Coliiformes. Phoeniculidae (Woodhoopoes). - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Alcedinidae (Kingfishers)
Meropidae (Bee-eaters)
Coraciiformes
Momotidae (Motmots)
Todidae (Todies)
Leptosomatidae (Cuckoo-roller)
Coraciidae (Rollers)
Brachypteraciidae (Ground Rollers)
Phoeniculidae (Woodhoopoes)
Bucerotidae (Hornbills)
Coliiformes
Trogoniformes
Upupidae (Hoopoes)
Alcedinidae - Kingfishers• In the suborder Alcidines with the Todies
and the Motmots• 3 subfamiles• ~ 17 Genera; ~ 91 species• Worldwide excluding polar regions• Only Coraciiformes in N. America• 3.9”, 0.3 ounce Affrican Dwarf Kingfisher• 18”, 17 ounce Laughing Kookaburra
Alcedinidae - KingfishersLarge heads with long thick bills and
short necks
Alcedinidae - KingfishersMost have rounded wings and short
tail
Alcedinidae - KingfishersSmall, syndactyl feet
Alcedinidae - KingfishersFishing• Scan clear water from perch or while
hovering• Dive bill first to capture aquatic prey• Return to perch & beat prey against
tree/rock• Swallow prey head-first
Alcedinidae - KingfishersFishing• Hovering• Diving• Eating
Alcedinidae
Momotidae (Motmots)
Todidae (Todies)
Cerylinae – Water Kingfishers• 3 Genera; 9 spp.• All of the new world kingfishers• 3 old world spp.
Alcedininae – River kingfishers• Most of the “fishing” kingfishers• 2 Genera; ~ 23 spp.• Old World
Daceloninae/Halcyoninae – Tree kingfishers• 12 Genera; ~ 59 spp.• Austalasian, Oriental, Paleoarctic
& Ethiopian
Alcedinidae - Kingfishers• 6 New World Species (Cerylinae)• 3 of those occur in the US• 2 of those occur in Arizona
Alcedinidae - KingfishersArizona species• Green Kingfisher
• Belted Kingfisher
Small crest White collar White collar &Blue breastband
Rufous bellyband
White belly
Rufous breast Shaggy crest
Alcedinidae - KingfishersArizona species• Green Kingfisher
– Non-migratory– Secretive– Fish from perch close to the water– Fly a few inches above the surface of the water– Extreme southeast Arizona:
• Upper San Pedro • Santa Cruz, Sonoita Creek, Cienega Creek, Arivaca Creek
Rufous bellyband
Alcedinidae - KingfishersArizona species• Belted Kingfisher
– Neotropic Migrant– Loud calls and obvious perches– Fish from perch or by hovering– Central to eastern Arizona drainages:
• Verde River • Black River• Upper Little Colorado River
– Expanding breeding range: benefiting from human activities?
» Crayfish» Construction
Rufous bellyband
Alcedinidae - KingfishersHabitat requirements (for breeding
areas)• Clear perennial water with reliable
food source• Available nesting microsite
Alcedinidae - Kingfishers• Cavity nesters: burrows in dirt banks
– River, stream, other water banks– Road banks– Gravel pits
• Pair excavates burrow with bills and pulls dirt out with syndactyl feet
• 2-3’/3-8’ long at an angle upward – flood prevention?
Alcedinidae - KingfishersBiparental care - male and female:
– Build nest cavity– Incubate eggs– Feed young (2-3 weeks after fledging)
Alcedinidae - KingfishersOther notable kingfishers• Ringed Kingfisher – southern Texas
– Larger than Belted– Rufous breast and smaller crest
• Laughing Kookaburra– Largest kingfisher at 18”– Distinct “laughing” song used erroneously in many movies as a
South American/African/Asian jungle sound (Australian native)– Reverse sexual size dimorphism (female larger)
• Marquesas Kingfisher and Micronesian Kingfisher are both endangered