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Alcohol Biosensors Alcohol Biosensors Advisory Council to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism September 11, 2014 Advisory Council to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism September 11, 2014 Kathy Jung, PhD NIAAA Kathy Jung, PhD NIAAA

Alcohol Biosensors - apa.org · Power source, detector, battery life ... Uses for alcohol biosensors ... alcohol exposure, and to enhance outcomes of individuals with Fetal

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Alcohol Biosensors Alcohol Biosensors 

Advisory Council to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism

September 11, 2014

Advisory Council to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism

September 11, 2014

Kathy Jung, PhDNIAAA

Kathy Jung, PhDNIAAA

SCRAMSecure Continuous Remote Alcohol Monitor

• Transdermal alcohol testing 

• Tamper‐resistant  

• Court‐mandated

• Readings every 30 minutes, uploaded daily

• Good success rate at enforcing abstinence

E. Bryant

Uses for alcohol biosensors• Criminal justice system

• Alcohol research

• Public safety‐ pilots, Metro drivers, doctors, police

• Medical conditions in which alcohol is a confounding factor; HIV patients + HAART  

• Pregnant women

• To monitor relapse

• Wearable, comfortable, inconspicuous, inexpensive.

• Ability to remove for activity (depending on application)• Subject identification:

Biometric, facial, or voice recognition• GPS (when needed)

• Ability to interpret, transmit, and record data.

• Ability to verify standardization and functionality.

• Power source‐ dependable, rechargeable.

• Microelectronic miniaturization 

Many of these aspects are available in devices that are on the market, but not with alcohol detection.

What is needed to improve upon current alcohol monitors?

Alcohol detection technology

• Electrochemical fuel cell 

• Near infrared

• Mid‐range infrared

• Semiconductor

Wearable, discreet, compact

Able to record, to send a signal to a readable device

Subject identificationFace, biometric signature 

Miniaturization of electronics Light sourcePower source 

• This generation self‐monitors their every physiological parameter.

• Fit‐bit, Jawbone

• Heart monitors, oximeters

• Cell phone apps…for everything

Wearable, discreet, compact…

Cell phone apps for measuring alcohol

Drinkaware‐ information app

AlcohootBacTrack

iBAC from AlcometerBreathometer

Alcohol detection technology

Ankle bracelet

WrisTAS , Giner, Inc.

Wrist bracelet

1) WearableContinuous Alcohol Monitoring (CAM)

Delay~ 130 mins

“Validity of Transdermal Alcohol Monitoring” Sakai et al. (2006)

BrAC vs  SCRAM (AMS)

Delay~ 180 mins

Gentry

What can CAMs do? 

Alcohol detection technology

2) Transportation safetyAutoLiv Mid‐range Infrared Breath Alcohol:      EtOH / CO2ServoTek Near Infrared  Breath Alcohol:      EtOH / H2O TruTouch Near Infrared Tissue Alcohol

Alcogate by ServoTek

Vehicular interlock  in developmentby AutoLiv and TruTouch

3) Workplace safety

Alcohol detection technology

Bi‐Geo also markets workplace devices.

Near infrared technology

Non‐invasive

No consumables

Tissue measurement

Rapid

Biometric subject IDTruTouch TechnologiesGentry

Alcohol detection technology

• Electrochemical fuel cell 

• Near infrared

• Mid‐range infrared

• Semiconductor

Wearable, discreet, compact

Able to record, to send a signal to a readable device

Subject identificationFace, biometric signature

Miniaturization of electronics Light sourcePower source 

• Detection limits

• Validation 

• Regulatory  requirements

• Standardization of devices

• Reliability assurance in the field

Power source, detector, battery life

Important issues

Uses for alcohol biosensors

• Criminal justice system

• Alcohol research

• Public safety‐ pilots, Metro drivers, doctors, police

• Medical conditions in which alcohol is a confounding factor; HIV patients + HAART  

• Pregnant women

• To monitor relapse

Mechanisms

Requests for Application (RFA)

Program Announcements (PA)

R & D Contracts

Prize Competition

George KoobTom GentryChanghai CuiMarcia ScottYedi Israel FL DammannKendall BryantTrish PowellErin BryantJohn Bowersox

Acknowledgements

Concept clearanceConcept clearance

IND‐enabling research • Medications development and device development

Treatment of alcoholism• Pharmaceutical discovery/development• Innovative therapeutic approaches• Prevention strategies• Therapies for co‐morbid conditions, including organ 

damage

SBIR/STTR topics

Health Services 

• Advances for Alcohol‐Related Problems • Diagnostic Assessments of Alcohol Use Disorders and Comorbidity 

Development of novel technologies or methods

• To detect the effects of alcohol on CNS structure and activities

• To prevent harmful drinking during pregnancy, to identify prenatal alcohol exposure, and to enhance outcomes of individuals with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder

• Tools for alcohol‐related laboratory studies, including animal strains, cell lines, stem cells, in vitro techniques, neuroimaging  ligands, or computational tools

• Voice technology, cell phones, transdermal monitors

SBIR/STTR topics

(Days of demonstrated Sobriety)

(Demonstrated Sobriety every day)

‐‐‐‐

‐Participants

‐‐‐‐

‐‐‐‐

‐Da

ys   ‐‐

What can CAMs do? (data provided by AMS)

Data set for Period:  Jan 1 – May 14, 2013  (133 days)

(in study period)

Gentry

Wha

t  ha

ppen

ed  to  Loss  of  Con

trol?

Gentry

Gentry

No pills

Placebo Acampro NaloxoneAcampro  Naloxone

Placebo Acampro NaloxoneAcampro  Naloxone No pills Means

BaseLine (Table 1) % Days Abstinent

Treatment (Table 5)

% Days Abstinent

  Percent Increase in % Days Abstinent 204% 168% 207% 252% 228% 220% 209% 190% 183% 206%

76.566.677.678.375.979.880.575.680.073.8

25.023.526.825.323.724.322.9

Medical Management

24.629.824.3

Combined Behavioral Intervention

Pills

Pill taking itselfMeeting with medical professional Advice to attend AAOptimism about medication effect

Medical Management (Access to health care professional, one‐on‐one)Pill groups:  9 sessions – weeks:  0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16   first 45, then 20 minNo‐Pill group:  4 sessions – to assess liver function,  provide health care advice

CBI behavioral health specialists:  CBT, 12‐step, MI “up to twenty 50‐min sessions”

What can we learn from the Placebo Effect ?