ALCTS CCS Cataloging Norms Interest GroupJune 25, 20111:30-3:30 p.m.

Karen D. MillerMonographic/Digital Projects Cataloger

Bibliographic Services Dept.Northwestern University Library

Evanston, IL k-miller3@northwestern.edu

What's that Keyword search Finding?

Subject Headings, Tables of Contents, and more

• 2008 study of TOC enhancement effect on circulation

• Overview of NUL's OPAC operations and usage

• Keyword Matching in the MARC record

About Northwestern University Library

• NUL is a research library with over 5 million volumes held on campuses in Evanston and Chicago, Illinois.

About Northwestern University Library

• NUL is a research library with over 5 million volumes held on campuses in Evanston and Chicago, Illinois.

• TOC fields have been added to bibliographic records since 2002 until recently using Blackwell Book Services’ TOC service. TOC fields will soon be added using Yankee’s services after Yankee purchased Blackwell.•elds at NUL.

• At $1.05 per record, we wanted to determine if they made a statistically significant difference in circulation.

About Northwestern University Library

• NUL is a research library with over 5 million volumes held on campuses in Evanston and Chicago, Illinois.

• TOC fields have been added to bibliographic records since 2002 until recently using Blackwell Book Services’ TOC service. TOC fields will soon be added using Yankee’s services after Yankee purchased Blackwell.

• Over 87,000 vendor TOCs have been added to MARC 505 fields at NUL.

About Northwestern University Library

• NUL is a research library with over 5 million volumes held on campuses in Evanston and Chicago, Illinois.

• TOC fields have been added to bibliographic records since 2002 until recently using Blackwell Book Services’ TOC service. TOC fields will soon be added using Yankee’s services after Yankee purchased Blackwell.

• Over 87,000 vendor TOCs have been added to MARC 505 fields at NUL.

• At $1.05 per record, we wanted to determine if they made a statistically significant difference in circulation.

TOC in the catalog

Study Objectives

• Sought to replicate a 1997 study done at the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center Library by Ruth C.T. Morris

• Hypothesis: that the inclusion of Table of Contents (TOC) fields in bibliographic records influences circulation

Study Results

• Enhancement of catalog records with TOC fields was the most significant factor in determining whether a book had an increase in circulation.

• A book with a TOC-enhanced bibliographic record was 24% more likely to have a circulation increase than a book without a TOC-enhanced record.

Additional Research

At the end of this study we wondered about keyword search results ….

• What percent of keywords were found only in the TOC field?

• What percent were found only in the subject heading fields?

• What percent were found in transcribed fields?

OPAC searching at NUL

• Examined OPAC search logs from June 1, 2007 through May 31, 2011

OPAC searching at NUL

• Examined OPAC search logs from June 1, 2007 through May 31, 2011

• Four years : over 9,750,000 queries

On average, 7,016 queries per day

Variation by Month

72.3 % of queries through Basic Search

6.8 % of queries through Guided Search

0.1 % of queries through Course Reserve

20.8 % of queries through Z39.50

7.9 % of queries applied limits

41% of queries produced no results

Keyword Searching Analysis

• 7 days of query data

• 3,015 randomly selected queries

• Keyword searches only – no indexed searches

• Included Boolean searches and quoted phrases

27.5% of queries used keywords only

86% of queries used only one keyword (including keyword phrases)

MARC fields in which search terms most commonly found

245 Title Statement505 Formatted Contents Note650 Subject Added Entry-Topical Term260 Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint)700 Added Entry-Personal Name500 General Note651 Subject Added Entry-Geographic Name100 Main Entry-Personal Name710 Added Entry-Corporate Name520 Summary, Etc.600 Subject Added Entry-Personal Name246 Varying Form of Title830 Series Added Entry-Uniform Title

Some MARC fields that surprised me: 040 Cataloging Source041 Language Code 049 Local Holdings074 GPO Item Number 300 Physical Description856 Electronic Location and Access

28.3 % of searches found matches in Table of Contents (505)

27.9 % of searches found matches in Subject headings(600, 610, 611, 630, 650, 651, 655)

45.7 % of searches found matches in Transcribed fields(other than 505: 245, 246, 247, 260, 490)

42 % of searches found matches in Notes fields(including 505)

43.1 % of searches found matches in Controlled Vocabulary (Subject headings (controlled), Main or Added Entries, except Series)

24.6 % of search terms in Table of Contents but not in an LC Subject Heading

24.2 % of search terms in an LC Subject Headingbut not in a Table of Contents

20.1 % of search terms only in Table of Contents

11.6 % of search terms only in an LC Subject Heading

What Subject Headings and Tables of Contents add

Conclusions

• Tables of Contents and Subject Headings add value!

Conclusions

• Tables of Contents and Subject Headings add value!

• Search terms found in “off screen” fields can have unexpected results.

Conclusions

• Tables of Contents and Subject Headings add value!

• Search terms found in “off screen” fields can have unexpected results.

• Be aware of local data stored in MARC fields when bibliographic records are repurposed.

Many thanks to…

Michael S. BabinecAssistant Head, Bibliographic Services Department

Steve DiDomenicoHead, Enterprise Systems Department

Michael NorthSenior Systems Analyst - Programmer Enterprise Systems Department

Gary StrawnAuthorities Librarian/Library Systems AnalystBibliographic Services / Enterprise Systems Departments

Thank you!

Email me at:

k-miller3@northwestern.edu