• Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson differed over the meaning of federalism. Explain their positions in this feature of the Constitution. (54)

• What was McCulloch v. Maryland about? (55-56)

• Explain how nullification became a feature of American political debate and how the issue was eventually settled.

• Page 56

• What is dual federalism?

• What are some ways in which states have opened the door to direct democracy? (59)

• What is grants-in-aid, categorical grant, revenue sharing, conditions of aid, and mandates, and block grants.

• What are the four reasons that federal money seemed, to state officials, so attractive? (p61)

• Summarize the differences between Congress and Parliament? (318-320)

•Copy the power of Congress.

• Page 320

• What were the main issues in the development of the Senate?

• What is a filibuster, cloture (Rule 22)

• Pages – 321-325

• Summarize the trends in the sex and race of members of Congress.

• Pages 325-326

• What were the reasons why there were more new members to the House in the 1990s (3 reasons)? (327)

• Why have congressional districts become safer for incumbent reelection? (326-328)

• Explain the three theories of how members of Congress vote. (pages 330-333)

• Outline “Party Organization in the Senate” (334-335)

•Outline “Party Structure in the House” (top page 336)

• DEFINE

– Standing committees

– Select committees

– Joint committees

– Conference committees

• Explain the three types of resolutions Congress can pass (350)

• The House Rules Committee adopts a “rule” governing the procedures under which a bill will be considered by the House. Explain the three types of rules available to the committee. (352-353)

• Define the four procedures for voting in the House of Representatives?

• Pages 355-356• Voice vote• Division• Teller vote• Roll call vote

• What is the “Committee of the Whole”

– What is a quorum

– What is a quorum call

– Read from “Floor Debate – House (353 to top of 354)

• Define (351-352)

– Multiple referral (advantages & disadvantages), when was it abolished?

– Sequential referral

– Discharge petition

• What is the “franking privilege?”

• What is pork-barrel legislation (earmarks)?

• Pages 358-359

• What is a caucus? (343)

• What is a rider? (354)

• What is a Christmas tree bill? (354)

• Explain the differences between a president and a prime minister. Keep your answers brief.

• Beginning of Chapter 14

President Prime Minister

How are they Elected

What role do the people play in their election to office?

How long is their term of service?

Party insider or Party outsider?

How are cabinet members selected?

Ease passing legislation

• What is divided government?

• Even when we have a unified government, why do we still have gridlock?

• What are the reasons for why we have gridlock/divided government?

• Why are people predominately “OK” with gridlock?

• Pages 370-372 (stop at “The Evolution of the Presidency”)

• Explain gridlock in relation to a representative and direct democracy.

• Page 372 (start on first full paragraph on page 372)

• How did the creation of the Electoral College allay the fears the Founders had about electing the president?

• What are some arguments for and against the Electoral College?

• Page 372-373 & top of pages 376-377

• Copy (page 379)

– Powers of President Alone

– Powers of the President That are Shared with the Senate

– Powers of the President that are Shared with Congress as a Whole