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The IPPC Directiveand its implementation
Alexandre Paquot
European CommissionEnvironment Directorate-General
Phare Capacity building New MS – Prague workshop 11 April 2005
1- Key elements of the IPPC Directive
2- Key transposition and implementation issues
3 - Next steps
Purpose of IPPC
IPPC is about permitting !!
Both industry operators and authorities
should take an integrated look at the
overall environmental impacts of the
installation before making decisions on
how it should be operated
IPPC: Environmental scope
waste prevention and recovery
energy efficiency
prevention and control of accidents
noise vibration heat
emissions to water
emissions to air
emissions to land
odour
Key provisions of the Directive
integrated permitting procedure Emission Limit Values based on Best
Available Techniques (BAT) exchange of information on BAT and
associated monitoring transboundary polluting effects public access to information (eg EPER) possible Community emission limit values
(incineration and large combustion plants)
May 2004
Future milestones
Jan 2003
Oct 2007
June 2003 Sep 2006 June 2007
Commission reportson implementation of
Directive
Amendmentallowing green-house gasemission tradingcomes in effect
MS implemen-tation reports
to be submitted
Adoption ofIPPC Communica-
tion
Enlargement
June 2004Sep 2003
Jan 2005 June 2005 Dec 2005
Amendmentstrengtheningpublic partici-pation comesin effect
Firstedition of all BREFsshould beready
Latest com-pliance datefor existinginstallations
BAT
most effective in achieving a high general
level of protection of
the environment as a whole
best
developed on a scale to be implemented in the
relevant industrial sector, under
economically and technically viable
conditions, advantages balanced against costs
the technology used and the
way the installation is
designed, built, maintained,
operated and decommissioned
available techniques
IPPC and BAT
BAT is a dynamic concept
Integrated approach and BAT definition imply trade-off decisions
Member States and their competent authorities are ultimately responsible for these decisions
From BREF to Permit condition
BAT (in BREFs)
BAT-based permit or General Binding Rules
Local considerations according to Article 9(4)+
Legally binding
Descriptive
MS right to choose how
BAT Information Exchange
required by Directive (Art 16 paragraph 2)
purpose to support licensing authorities
published BAT Reference Documents (BREFs) for each
sector
BREFs should be taken into account by the licensing
authorities
21 BREFs finalised / 32 in total to be finalised around
the end of 2005
State of transposition
Delays for transposition in EU 15 1st Court Case against Austria for
incomplete transposition Infringement procedures against 5 MS (FR,
DE, NL, DK, LUX) – more to follow Difficulties in MS with pre-existing
permitting procedure On-going study of conformity check in new
MS
State of implementation
• Establishment of integrated permitting systems
• Progress needed to meet full implementation by 30 October 2007
Number of IPPC permits (EU15)
Number permits (2002)
795
43943
4750
0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000
Permits new installations
Existing installations (permits?)
Permits "substantial" change
Number of IPPC permits per MS (2002)
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
LU EL AT IE PT FI SE DK BE NL ES FR UK DE IT
Existing installations (permits?) Permits "substantial change"
Permits new installations
Quality of permits ?
In 80 installations under EPER, a particular installation represents 10% of emissions of a particular pollutant !!!
DG ENV to check compliance in a sample of permits (study in 20 installations in 2005)
Other implementation issues
• Determination of permit conditions based on BAT – use of the BREFs?• Monitoring and reporting of emissions - information of the public• Regular reconsideration and review of permits• Inspection
How to support implementation?
• BREFs • future EU guidelines on list of activities and term “installation”• IMPEL (exchange of information – best practice)• Capacity building and dissemination strategies
IPPC Review in 2006
No radical changes to be proposed in short term
Thematic strategies (air, soil, waste) and other EU policies (dioxins)
Technical review (clarification of scope, possible scope extension eg ‘aquaculture’, other issues)
Assessment of possible streamlining of existing legislation on industrial emissions and possible NOx, SO2 emission trading schemes
Incentives to go beyond regulatory compliance
Concluding remarks on the IPPC Directive
Flexible, goal-setting legislation = opportunity for environment + industry
Heavily dependent on “good faith” (on behalf of industry operators and authorities)
Complements other instruments (EQS-based, voluntary / market-based, economic instruments)
High level of protection of the environment
Real challenge for existing and new MS !
http://europa.eu.int/comm/environment/ippc/index.htm
http://eippcb.jrc.es/
Commission / Germany IPPC conference : 20-22 September 2005 (Dresden)
More information?
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