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all about women the forgotten women of astronomydigital education stream 2020 teacher resources
Welcome
Sydney Opera House is one of the indisputable
masterpieces of human creativity and has long
been a place for learning and sharing knowledge.
The land on which Sydney Opera House stands
was known to its traditional custodians, the
Gadigal people of the Eora Nation, as
Tubowgule, meaning “where the knowledge
waters meet”. A stream carried fresh water down
from what is now Pitt Street to the cove near
Tubowgule, a rock promontory that at high tide
became an island. The mixing of fresh and salt
waters formed a perfect fishing ground. Middens
of shells were a testament to Tubowgule’s long
history as a place where the Gadigal gathered,
feasted, sung, danced and told stories.
Did You Know…?
The original cost estimate to
build Sydney Opera House was
$7 million. The final cost was
$102 million and it was largely
paid for by a State Lottery.
There are more than 1 million
roof tiles covering approximately
1.62 hectares sitting over the
structure. They were made in
Sweden.
The Sydney Opera House sails
were built using three tower
cranes made in France for this
job, costing $100,000 each.
Sydney Opera House was one
of the first buildings constructed
in Australia using tower cranes.
The Playhouse was originally
used as a cinema and in the late
1970s was a popular venue for
surfing movies.
In this program
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Introduction
All About Women Festival
The Creative Learning Journey
Sydney Opera House
Creativity Framework
Talk Description and Synopsis
Meet the Speaker
Q&A with Jo Dunkley
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Pre-Talk Activities
Post-Talk Activities
Additional Website Resources
At the Sydney Opera House
Introduction
You should use and adapt these Resources to suit the
age and stage of your class and the curriculum foci and
outcomes used in your school. These Resources are
written as a creative document for you to bring to life. If
you have questions about exercises or provocations
please feel free to make contact to talk it through. We
are always open to feedback, comments and working
with you to assist and learn from you. Contact details
are on the back page.
Some websites are suggested throughout this resource.
It is recommended that you first talk the sites and
assess the suitability of the content for your particular
school environment before setting the activities based
on these.
Sydney Opera House has a bank of Creative Learning
Resources for you to access and use. Please have a
look around our website for other resources and
activities that could support your classroom learning
program.
These Creative Learning Resources have been prepared
to help you get the most out of the All About Women
Digital Education Stream – The Forgotten Women in
Astronomy talk, coming to your classroom to celebrate
International Women’s Day. These resources have been
collated to help prepare your students to unpack the talk
and think deeply about it.
AcknowledgementsGrateful thanks are extended to all the speakers who
have generously allowed their resources to be included
in this document.
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All About Women
FestivalFor the eighth year running, our talks and
ideas festival, All About Women,
celebrates International Women's Day
with Sydney’s favourite feminist gathering
- full of talks, panels and workshops.
International Women’s Day is dedicated to
gender equality and justice. It is an
opportunity to raise awareness and take
action. At the festival you will hear from
remarkable thinkers, whose work breaks
down the everyday structures that limit the
female experience, as they discuss the
latest thinking on gender, power, history,
justice and technology.
All About Women is about being part of
your local community and join the global
movement. It is an opportunity to gather,
learn, reflect, and be challenged. It is a
celebration of feminism for every person
who is affected by the patriarchy.
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The Creative
Learning Journey
Before the Talk After the Talk
Begin your
Creative Learning
Journey
Have your students
think about the
themes of the talk with
information and
activities in these
Creative Learning
Teachers Resources.
Check out the video
and links page to
initiative topics of
discussion and dive
into the recommended
reading list written by
experts in these
areas.
Continue the
Creative Exploration
Follow up the Stream
with the Post talk
activities and continue
the conversation with
your students. What
questions did they feel
weren’t asked? Where
could they go to get
this information? What
did they think were the
biggest learnings from
the session? Can you
develop any projects
out of the learnings?
Sign up for another
Free Livestream
We offer an annual
program of
livestreamed
Performances,
Workshops and Artist
Talks to further extend
the learning journey of
your students. Free for
all Australian Schools
and offered throughout
the year.
Listen and Watch
Use our digital content
pieces on our social
media channels in
your classroom. Our
podcast Arty Farty for
creative conversations
or Behind the Scenes
on YouTube to give
you more insight into
world of the Sydney
Opera House and the
exciting things that
happen here.
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These Creative Learning Resources have been written using the
Sydney Opera House Creativity Framework as the pedagogy. The
Framework aims to define the creative process in a way that
educators can use to teach and be inspired by.
At a glance this Creativity Framework is:
Sydney Opera House
Creativity Framework
PrepareTools and Pathways
Preparing mind, body,
space, materials and time
Buy inPresence and Enthusiasm
Convincing students that
they want to be there
ImagineThe Fertile Unknown
Exploring a subject through
arts practice. Using form to
uncover content. Allowing
uncensored expression to
reveal new ways of seeing a
subject
QuestionAnalysis, investigation
and revelation
Creating new understanding
by analysing what just
happened when honing the
imagination
MakeForging form from content
Putting shape to content and
moving towards a project;
scripts, composition,
choreography, project design
ShowCommit, frame, judgement
Performing and presenting
the work
ReflectRemembering,
Processing, exiting
Creating understanding and
healthy memories from the
creative process and
product.
Whilst written as a sequence, the Sydney Opera House Creativity
Framework is not a method or system but a way of articulating the
creative process. As the Framework is applied it becomes apparent
the sequence dissolves and many of the specific sections live in one
exercise. These resources have been written with this in mind.
This Framework underpins the Sydney Opera House Creative
Leadership in Learning program that sees schools partner with the
House for three years of teacher professional learning, student
projects and performances. For more information please see the
Sydney Opera House website.
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Dates: On demand stream at whatever time best suits you from Monday 9 March to Friday 13
March 2020
Years: 7-12
Duration: 60 min
Venue: Your classroom
SynopsisHenrietta Swan Leavitt, Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin and Vera Rubin were three exceptional
astronomers who challenged expectations of their time. Despite given limited opportunities in
their field these three women overcame the prejudice and stereotypes to make substantial
contributions to science. Author of Our Universe An Astronomers Guide Professor of
Astrophysics Jo Dunkley unpacks the history of our universe and unearths the contributions of
these three women. Professor Jo Dunkley’s talk will make audiences critically think about the
world around them – literally!
The topics for exploration - Space, astronomy, women in science, female discoveries,
prejudice, stereotypes, female contributions to society
Central Themes - Discovery, exploration, discovery, adversity, female roles
Cross curriculum priority areas - Critical and creative thinking, Intercultural
understanding
Talk Description
and Synopsis
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Meet the Speaker
Jo Dunkley
Jo Dunkley is Professor of Physics
and Astrophysical Sciences at
Princeton University, where she
teaches the enormously popular
introductory astronomy course.
Earlier in her career, Dunkley was
part of the science team for
NASA’s WMAP space satellite and
she now works on the Atacama
Cosmology Telescope, the Simons
Observatory and the Large
Synoptic Survey Telescope.
Dunkley has been the recipient of
many awards, including the
Maxwell Medal, the Fowler Prize
for Astronomy and the Philip
Leverhulme Prize. In 2016 she
won the Royal Society’s
prestigious Rosalind Franklin
award for her research in the
cosmic microwave background
and her innovative project to
support and encourage girls
studying physics.
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1. Where did your interest in our universe start?
My first real interest came in a lecture course on relativity at university – I realised that
the world out in space could behave much more strangely than I had thought, and I
loved that I could use the laws of physics to explain it.
2. Why do you find the universe so compelling?
It’s our bigger home. It is where we live – with Earth just a tiny part of it - and I want to
know what’s out there and how it all fits together.
3. What is your particular area of research?
I do cosmology, which means the study of the universe as a whole thing. I’m
interested in how it began, what it’s made of, how old it is, and things like that.
Cosmology is a branch of astronomy.
4. What has your greatest achievement been so far?
When I was a post-doc I worked on the analysis of data from a NASA satellite called
WMAP, and very briefly got to know the age of the universe better than anyone else.
That was a good feeling!
5. Could you tell us about the research you do with the Atacama Cosmology
Telescope?
This is our telescope high up in the Atacama desert in Chile, up at 5200m altitude. It
takes an image of the sky in microwave light, which our eyes aren’t attuned to see.
The image shows us how the universe used to look billions of years ago. That’s
possible because the light has taken so long to reach us, traveling through space for
billions of years. I use this image to learn about how the universe began.
6. In your book which uncovers the big questions about space you also speak
about other astronomers. Henrietta Swan Leavitt’s discoveries are remarkable
considering the limitations placed on her as a woman. How has the role of
women changed in field of astronomy today?
Happily it has changed a huge amount. A century ago women were doing remarkable
things in astronomy, but they were still officially in supporting roles, and were generally
not guiding their own research. They weren’t even allowed to operate the big
telescopes. That’s all changed. There are many leading women in astronomy today,
building and operating telescopes, and pioneering new discoveries, and the number of
women in the field is growing too.
Q&A with Jo Dunkley
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7. In your book Our Universe An Astronomers guide you also talk about the
achievements of past female astronomers Vera Rubin, Annie Jump Cannon and
Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin. Why did you include their stories?
I found them so compelling myself, particularly as they had to overcome such barriers
to be able to do their science. I am grateful to them for making the path easier for
those of us who followed. And science happens because of the people who make the
discoveries. I wanted to tell their stories of discovery, particularly as they are not as
well known as some of their male contemporaries.
8. Do you think that women have been overlooked in the field of science?
Historically, yes. In general they are less well known, and they had fewer
opportunities to take on leading roles. I think that is changing though, and there are
increasingly visible women winning prizes and getting recognition.
9. What would you say to young women who are interested in entering the
science field?
Do it! It is so exciting. You get to ask new questions all the time, and learn new things
every day. It is a real thrill. And don’t be put off by stereotypes of what you think a
scientist is, or what they look like. Anyone can be a scientist.
10. What do you want audiences to get from your talk?
I want people to learn more about the wonderful universe that we live in, and about
how so many discoveries about space were made by a remarkable set of women
astronomers.
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Pre-Talk Activities
Science
Stage 4 & 5
1. Watch BBC Ideas Three women who changed how
we see the universeSummarise the contributions that Henrietta Swan Leavitt,
Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin and Vera Rubin made to the
understanding of the Earth and solar system.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2ZrPfEDM-Bk
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2. Choose one of the females: Henrietta Swan Leavitt,
Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin and Vera Rubin and conduct
more in-depth research about their discoveries. Present
your findings to the class.
3. In the podcast The Infinite Monkey Cage, Series 19 How we measure the UniverseBrian Cox, Robin Ince, Professor Jo Dunkley and Dr Adam Masters look at how we estimate the
size of the universe. Listen to the podcast and summarise the different methods that are used to
measure the universe and how these models, theories and laws have been refined by the
scientific community.
https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m0002g8k
Stage 61. Analysing Data and Information: In her book Jo Dunkley traces the discoveries of three female
astronomers. Analyse the following secondary sources and present their findings in a report:
• The Night Sky - How Henrietta Leavitt Changed Our Understanding Of The Universe
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2hUCzlVym38
• Astronomy - Meet Henrietta Leavitt, the woman who gave us a universal ruler
https://astronomy.com/news/2019/02/meet-henrietta-leavitt-the-woman-who-gave-us-a-universal-ruler
• Space- Henrietta Swan Leavitt: Discovered How to Measure Stellar Distances
https://www.space.com/34708-henrietta-swan-leavitt-biography.html
• Dr. Pangratios Papacosta Henrietta Leavitt: Unsung Heroine in Science
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=70cFwfNW7gQ
• World Science Festival: Science’s Most Elusive Women: Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin & the
Women of Harvard Observatory
https://www.worldsciencefestival.com/2011/05/cecilia_payne_gaposchkin/
Pre-Talk Activities
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• Brown Department of Physics Cecilia Payne-Gaposchki
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B2PUStoc09A
• American Institute of Physics ORAL HISTORIES Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin:
https://www.aip.org/history-programs/niels-bohr-library/oral-histories/4620
• American Institute of Physics ORAL HISTORIES Vera Rubin
https://www.aip.org/history-programs/niels-bohr-library/oral-histories/33963
• The Atlantic - An Influential Female Astronomer Is Getting Her Due:
https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2020/01/vera-rubin-observatory/604624/
Society and Culture
Preliminary depth study: The social and cultural world/HSC Depth Study: Social Inclusion and
Exclusion
1. Students to read Astrophysics professor Jo Dunkley on the complexities of the
universe and her mission to to get women into science and discuss the limitations that
society has placed on women in the field of science.
https://www.standard.co.uk/lifestyle/books/jo-dunkley-professor-our-universe-an-astronomers-guide-a4052746.html
2. Students to listen to Cross Section: Jo Dunkley – Science Weekly podcast(16:33). In this podcast Jo Dunkley recalls the achievements of three female scientists and the
late recognition. Discuss why this recognition has taken time.
https://www.theguardian.com/science/audio/2019/feb/01/cross-section-jo-dunkley-science-weekly-podcast
English
Stage 4
1. In the podcast The Infinite Monkey Cage, Series 19 How we measure the UniverseBrian Cox, Professor Jo Dunkley and Dr Adam Masters are asked about their feelings about how
big the universe is (17:00). Write down your own thoughts about how big you think the universe
is.
https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m0002g8k
Pre-Talk Activities
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2. Conduct research into the achievements of different astronomers and create a profile on the
astronomer chosen. Using this information that you have researched write a series of diary
entries recounting your experiences in space. You may want to include: what you were
researching, what you discovered, how you felt about the discovery, how society reacted to your
discovery etc.
Stage 5
1. Watch BBC Ideas Three women who changed how we
see the universeImagine that you are one of the three female astronomers, write
a detailed account of your discovery.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2ZrPfEDM-Bk
2. Exposition: “Female astronomers are just as capable, if not better than
their male counterparts." Conduct more research on the role that women
have had in astronomy to address the statement.
Stage 6
1. Find three examples of how female astronomers have been represented in texts. These
may be newspaper articles, images, posters, documentaries etc. Deconstruct these texts and
highlight how the authors have created meaning.
2. Discuss the statement: There are often invisible structures in society that limit women from
gaining equal access to work or education.
Post-Talk Activities
Science
All Stages1. Professor Jo Dunkley has been praised about how clearly she
explains often very difficult subject matters. Watch the talk Our
Universe and choose one of the concepts she talks about.
Create your own video that deconstructs this topic for a younger
audience. In your video you may choose to create your own
visuals and effects to get your point across.
https://youtu.be/bFobsse_dZk
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3. Choose a concept that interests you about the structure of the Earth and
universe. Research this concept and write a talk that explains this concept clearly.
Present this to your class in the style of a lecture.
https://www.worldsciencefestival.com/2011/05/cecilia_payne_gaposchkin/
2. Watch Jo Dunkley: 2020 Breakthrough Prize
Symposium and summarise her findings and how reaches her
conclusions.
Choose a concept that interests you about the structure of the
Earth and universe. Research this concept and write a talk that
explains this concept clearly. Present this to your class in the
style of a lecture.
https://youtu.be/p88oGgK7z1o
Society and Culture
All Stages1. Reflect on the talk that Professor Jo Dunkley gave. What was the biggest take away you got
from the talk? Have a look at Jo Dunkley’s twitter and compose your own tweet that reflects on
the talk.
https://twitter.com/j_dunkley
2. How have societal attitudes changed in Science? Write a report that discusses what societal
expectations have traditionally held about women in science and how they have changed today.
Post-Talk Activities
English
All Stages1. Reflect on what you have learnt about the universe and the individuals who have made these
discoveries. Write a creative piece about one of the discoveries.
You may choose a to adopt a persona. Write in a form of your choice.
2. Write a feature article about one of the things you have learnt from the talk.
15
Additional Website
Resources
• Jo Dunkley Twitter: https://twitter.com/j_dunkley?lang=en
• The Guardian: Cross Section: Jo Dunkley – Science Weekly Podcast:
https://www.theguardian.com/science/audio/2019/feb/01/cross-section-jo-dunkley-science-weekly-
podcast
• Evening Standard Astrophysics professor Jo Dunkley on the complexities of the universe and her
mission to get women into science: https://www.standard.co.uk/lifestyle/books/jo-dunkley-professor-
our-universe-an-astronomers-guide-a4052746.html
• Jo Dunkley: 2020 Breakthrough Prize Symposium https://youtu.be/p88oGgK7z1o
• Jo Dunkley Bristol Festival of Ideas: https://soundcloud.com/bristol-festival-of-ideas/jo-dunkley-1-
february-2019
• BBC Ideas Three women who changed how we see the universe:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2ZrPfEDM-Bk
• Our Universe: https://youtu.be/bFobsse_dZk
• The Night Sky - How Henrietta Leavitt Changed Our Understanding Of The Universe
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2hUCzlVym38
• Astronomy - Meet Henrietta Leavitt, the woman who gave us a universal ruler
https://astronomy.com/news/2019/02/meet-henrietta-leavitt-the-woman-who-gave-us-a-universal-
ruler
• Space- Henrietta Swan Leavitt: Discovered How to Measure Stellar Distances
https://www.space.com/34708-henrietta-swan-leavitt-biography.html
• Dr. Pangratios Papacosta Henrietta Leavitt: Unsung Heroine in Science
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=70cFwfNW7gQ
• World Science Festival: Science’s Most Elusive Women: Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin & the Women
of Harvard Observatory https://www.worldsciencefestival.com/2011/05/cecilia_payne_gaposchkin/
• Brown Department of Physics Cecilia Payne-Gaposchki
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B2PUStoc09A
16
Additional Website
Resources
• American Institute of Physics ORAL HISTORIES Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin:
https://www.aip.org/history-programs/niels-bohr-library/oral-histories/4620
• American Institute of Physics ORAL HISTORIES Vera Rubin https://www.aip.org/history-
programs/niels-bohr-library/oral-histories/33963
• The Atlantic - An Influential Female Astronomer Is Getting Her Due:
https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2020/01/vera-rubin-observatory/604624/
• Brown Department of Physics Cecilia Payne-Gaposchki
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B2PUStoc09A
17
At the Sydney
Opera HouseBeneath the sails, six venues host a staggering
variety of performances. More than 2000 events
are held 363 days a year; that’s more than 40
shows a week.
From our largest, the Concert Hall,
right through to our most intimate, the
Utzon Room, our venues host a vast
range of shows, from harpsichord
music to hard rock, lectures to
electronica, circus to opera and
everything in between.
Our stages have been graced by every
kind of royalty - actual, intellectual,
showbiz, even punk-rock. Opera stars,
world movers and shakers, dancers
and performers of extraordinary talent
play to rapturous audiences in every
space.
These are rooms for standing ovations,
shared moments and treasured
inspirations. To see a show at the
Sydney Opera House is to enter a
space filled with the crackling energy of
great artists and entertainers.
The Forgotten Women of Astronomy is
staged in The Drama Theatre
The Drama Theatre is the more
intimate of our two proscenium arch
theatres, and seats up to 544
guests. True to its name, the Drama
Theatre is the venue where you’ll find
Bell Shakespeare, Sydney Theatre Co
and Bangarra Dance Theatre
performing.
Twice a year, it fills with lively debate
and discussion for the All About
Women festival and Antidote along
with iconic music acts, film screenings
and poetry slams. Artists like Toni
Collette, Sylvie Guillem, Mel Gibson,
Hugo Weaving, Geoffrey Rush, John
Cleese and Sir Ian McKellen have all
‘trod the boards’ in this room
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Classroom Context and Curriculum Links
This performance provides the classroom teacher with many opportunities for learning activities that link to the New South Wales curriculum. See below for
the suggested links to the relevant syllabus, however creative teachers will find many more.
KLA Stage 4 Stage 5 Stage 6 - Preliminary Stage 6 - HSC
Science SC4-12ES describes the dynamic nature of models, theories and laws in developing scientific understanding of the Earth and solar system
SC5-12ES describes changing ideas about the structure of the Earth and the universe to illustrate how models, theories and laws are refined over time by the scientific community
Physics: Analysing data and information:
PH11/12-5
analyses and evaluates primary and secondary data
and information
Physics: Analysing data and
information: PH11/12-5
analyses and evaluates primary and
secondary data and information
Society and Culture
P1 identifies and applies social and cultural concepts P2 describes personal, social and cultural identity P3 identifies and describes relationships and interactions within and between social and cultural groups
H1 evaluates and effectively applies social and cultural concepts H2 explains the development of personal, social and cultural identity H3 analyses relationships and interactions within and between social and cultural groups
English
C think in ways that are imaginative, creative, interpretive and critical
EN4-5C thinks imaginatively, creatively, interpretively and critically about information, ideas and arguments to respond to and compose texts
EN5-5C thinks imaginatively, creatively, interpretively and critically about information and increasingly complex ideas and arguments to respond to and compose texts in a range of context
EN11-5 thinks imaginatively, creatively, interpretively and analytically to respond to and compose texts that include considered and detailed information, ideas and arguments
EN12-5 thinks imaginatively, creatively, interpretively, analytically and discerningly to respond to and compose texts that include considered and detailed information, ideas and arguments
English
D express themselves and their relationships with others and their world
EN4-7D demonstrates understanding of how texts can express aspects of their broadening world and their relationships within it
EN5-7D understands and evaluates the diverse ways texts can represent personal and public worlds
EN11-7 understands and explains the diverse ways texts can represent personal and public worlds
EN12-7 explains and evaluates the diverse ways texts can represent personal and public worlds
General capabilities and cross-curriculum
Critical and creative thinking Intercultural understanding
Keep in touch
Sydney Opera House Creative Learning Bennelong Point Sydney NSW 2000 Australia
sydneyoperahouse.com Call us 02 9250 7770 or email [email protected]
Connect with us Facebook /sydneyoperahouse Facebook Group Sydney Opera House for Teachers and Educators
Instagram @sydneyoperahouse
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