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All Disasters Are Local:All Disasters Are Local:Getting OrganizedGetting Organized
A.J. BridingA.J. BridingCertified Emergency ManagerCertified Emergency Manager
Certified Organizational Resilience ExecutiveCertified Organizational Resilience Executive
Overview of PresentationOverview of Presentation
• Review Review
• The Evolution of an EmergencyThe Evolution of an Emergency
• Considerations for Engagement for Considerations for Engagement for Clubs and Districts Clubs and Districts
• What to Do and How to Do It: The What to Do and How to Do It: The Emergency Operations PlanEmergency Operations Plan
ReviewReview
• NIMSNIMS
• ICSICS
• EOCEOC
• ESFsESFs
• MACSMACS
• COOP & COGCOOP & COG
Governments: Governments: Putting It All TogetherPutting It All Together
Normal businessoperations
Normal businessoperations
Continuity of operations procedures
IT disaster recovery procedures
COOP/DRP/COG
Potential orActual
Emergency
Potential orActual
Emergency
EmergencyProcesses: • Evacuation• Sheltering• Search & Rescue• Public Security• Public Health• Etc
Business emergency actions
NotionalNotional Local and State ESFs Local and State ESFs
• ESF-1 TransportationESF-1 Transportation• ESF-2 Communications ESF-2 Communications • ESF-3 Public Works and Engineering ESF-3 Public Works and Engineering • ESF-4 Firefighting ESF-4 Firefighting • ESF-5 Emergency Management ESF-5 Emergency Management • ESF-6 Mass Care, Housing and Human Services ESF-6 Mass Care, Housing and Human Services • ESF-7 Resource Support (Logistics)ESF-7 Resource Support (Logistics)• ESF-8 Public Health and Medical Services ESF-8 Public Health and Medical Services • ESF-9 Search and Rescue ESF-9 Search and Rescue • ESF-10 Hazardous Materials and Radiological ESF-10 Hazardous Materials and Radiological • ESF-11 Agriculture ESF-11 Agriculture • ESF-12 Energy ESF-12 Energy • ESF-13 Public Safety and Security ESF-13 Public Safety and Security • ESF-14 Community Recovery, Mitigation and Economic Stabilization ESF-14 Community Recovery, Mitigation and Economic Stabilization • ESF-15 Public InformationESF-15 Public Information
Unskilled volunteers are always needed!
Most Emergencies Are Most Emergencies Are LocalLocal
CITIZEN RESPONSE
LOCAL RESPONSE
STATE
FEDERALIn the U.S., primary responsibility
for emergency response is at the local level
How It Works: No-Notice How It Works: No-Notice EmergencyEmergency
Incident Command establishe
d
Actual Emergenc
yEvent
Actual Emergenc
yEvent
Unified Command establishe
d
Area Command establishe
d
Full MACS support
(Including EOC)
VolunteerAgencies
DEOC stood up
EOC monitorin
g
(If required)
(Department Emergency
Operations Center)
No-Notice Emergency EscalationNo-Notice Emergency Escalation
Unified Command establishe
d
Area Command establishe
d
Full MACS support
(Including EOC)
State Unified
Command establishe
d
Full SEOC support
Resourcecoordination
Federal ESFs
activated (NRP)
Resourcecoordination
Joint Requirement
s Office (JRO) stood
up
-- For a hurricane, all of these elements would likely stand up
simultaneously
How Does All This Happen?How Does All This Happen?
• You need a plan!You need a plan!
– Structure (i.e., NIMS and ICS)Structure (i.e., NIMS and ICS)– Mobilization and response (i.e., NRF)Mobilization and response (i.e., NRF)– Threats to prepare for (i.e., NPG) and Threats to prepare for (i.e., NPG) and
capabilities to reduce the riskcapabilities to reduce the risk
The Essential EOPThe Essential EOP
• What do you want to do? The missionWhat do you want to do? The mission– Disaster ReadinessDisaster Readiness– Disaster ResponseDisaster Response– Disaster ReliefDisaster Relief– Disaster RecoveryDisaster Recovery
• What are the threats to prepare for?What are the threats to prepare for?– Risk Assessment and managementRisk Assessment and management
• How to take action?How to take action?– Procedures, checklists, and informationProcedures, checklists, and information
Mission Considerations:Mission Considerations:Rotary Strengths in DisastersRotary Strengths in Disasters
• District, regional, national, and District, regional, national, and international presence and networkinternational presence and network
• Highly competent professionals in all Highly competent professionals in all classificationsclassifications
• Business and industry backboneBusiness and industry backbone
• Goodwill and volunteer focusGoodwill and volunteer focus
Probably no better readiness and response potentialProbably no better readiness and response potentialin any private sector organization! in any private sector organization!
CLUB
STATE
NATIONAL
INTERNATIONAL
LOCAL
CLUB
Rotary Spheres of EngagementRotary Spheres of Engagement
The Emergency Management The Emergency Management CycleCycle
ReadinessReadiness
Preparedness . . Response . . Rebuilding
Four Phases ofFour Phases ofEmergency ManagementEmergency Management
• Preparedness/PreventionPreparedness/Prevention– Building, sustaining, and improving operational Building, sustaining, and improving operational
capabilitycapability and resilienceand resilience– Avoiding or stopping an incident before it Avoiding or stopping an incident before it
occursoccurs
• MitigationMitigation– Reducing or eliminating risks or their impactReducing or eliminating risks or their impact
• ResponseResponse– Immediate actions (including damage Immediate actions (including damage
assessment and critical infrastructure recovery)assessment and critical infrastructure recovery)– Secondary response (public health, etc)Secondary response (public health, etc)
• RecoveryRecovery– Service and site restoration (public and private Service and site restoration (public and private
sectors)sectors)– Economic and community viabilityEconomic and community viability
The Private Sector— The Private Sector— Victim, Spectator, or Player? Victim, Spectator, or Player?
Determining Your MissionDetermining Your Mission
• Club members in disastersClub members in disasters– What do members need?What do members need?
• Personal preparedness and recoveryPersonal preparedness and recovery• Business preparedness and recoveryBusiness preparedness and recovery
– Determine membership statusDetermine membership status• How can other Rotarians help?How can other Rotarians help?
• Outreach to other ClubsOutreach to other Clubs– Club-to-Club partnershipsClub-to-Club partnerships– Club to District to Club (District as middleman)Club to District to Club (District as middleman)
• Overseas travel Overseas travel – Preparation and risk mitigation (medical, physical Preparation and risk mitigation (medical, physical
threat)threat)– Recovering Rotarians from disaster zonesRecovering Rotarians from disaster zones
District as Coordination District as Coordination CenterCenter
• Communications nodeCommunications node– Coordination between clubsCoordination between clubs– Input point to and from Rotary National / Input point to and from Rotary National /
InternationalInternational
• Resource request and coordination Resource request and coordination centercenter
• Need remote alternate (backup in case Need remote alternate (backup in case District capability is lost)District capability is lost)
Key to Surviving Disasters:Key to Surviving Disasters:The CommunityThe Community
• Individual and family preparationIndividual and family preparation
• Citizen engagementCitizen engagement
• Volunteer manningVolunteer manning
• Private sector readinessPrivate sector readiness
• Economic resiliencyEconomic resiliency
-- Lack of recovery can be the -- Lack of recovery can be the greatest impact of a disastergreatest impact of a disaster
Community PreparationCommunity Preparation
• Promotion and facilitation of readiness Promotion and facilitation of readiness programs in the communityprograms in the community– DHS Ready Programs (DHS Ready Programs (www.ready.gov))
• Ready AmericaReady America• Ready BusinessReady Business• Ready KidsReady Kids
– Citizen Corps (Citizen Corps (www.citizencorps.gov))• Volunteer focusVolunteer focus
• Create and assist with equivalent programs Create and assist with equivalent programs in other countries, if not already presentin other countries, if not already present
• Consider risk mitigation in overseas projectsConsider risk mitigation in overseas projects– Eliminate obvious threat vulnerabilitiesEliminate obvious threat vulnerabilities
Community Preparation Community Preparation (con’d)(con’d)
• Community infrastructure readinessCommunity infrastructure readiness– Medical systemsMedical systems– Transportation systemsTransportation systems– Power infrastructurePower infrastructure– Communications providersCommunications providers– Education (K-12 districts, college Education (K-12 districts, college
campuses)campuses)
Community ResponseCommunity Response
• Provide resources and services Provide resources and services through coordination with the EOCthrough coordination with the EOC– Volunteer workersVolunteer workers– Skilled personnel (i.e., public health and Skilled personnel (i.e., public health and
medical)medical)– Equipment (transport, transformers, etc)Equipment (transport, transformers, etc)– Coordinate between EOC and Rotary for Coordinate between EOC and Rotary for
additional resourcesadditional resources
Unsolicited (uncoordinated) donations and Unsolicited (uncoordinated) donations and personnel personnel
generate more problems than solutions!generate more problems than solutions!
Community RecoveryCommunity Recovery
• ESF 14: Community recovery, mitigation, ESF 14: Community recovery, mitigation, and economic stabilizationand economic stabilization– Rebuilding and public works projectsRebuilding and public works projects
• Rotary member business recoveryRotary member business recovery
• Mitigation measures built into Rotary Mitigation measures built into Rotary recovery projects at home and overseasrecovery projects at home and overseas– Robust critical infrastructure components Robust critical infrastructure components
• Water, sanitization, communications, power, food Water, sanitization, communications, power, food distribution, medical support)distribution, medical support)
State-Level AssistanceState-Level Assistance
• State EOCsState EOCs– Contact point for resources provided Contact point for resources provided
through Rotarythrough Rotary
• State VOADsState VOADs– Partnership with volunteer agencies Partnership with volunteer agencies
providing coordinated emergency supportproviding coordinated emergency support
International AssistanceInternational Assistance
• Same basics: Preparation, mitigation, response, Same basics: Preparation, mitigation, response, recoveryrecovery
• Value of local RotariansValue of local Rotarians– Situational awareness (local intel)Situational awareness (local intel)– Local and national emergency management systems and Local and national emergency management systems and
proceduresprocedures– Legal requirementsLegal requirements– Coordination pointCoordination point
• Medical protection (Vaccinations, anti-malarial pills, Medical protection (Vaccinations, anti-malarial pills, safe food and water protocols, etc)safe food and water protocols, etc)
• Physical security (criminal and terrorist threat)Physical security (criminal and terrorist threat)• Visas Visas
Preparation Starts With Risk Preparation Starts With Risk AssessmentAssessment
Managing RiskManaging Risk
• Eliminate or avoidEliminate or avoid• TransferTransfer• AcceptAccept• Reduce to acceptable level (mitigate or control)Reduce to acceptable level (mitigate or control)
– reduce vulnerability reduce vulnerability – minimize the impact (consequence)minimize the impact (consequence)
• Partnership between city planners, EMAs, and Partnership between city planners, EMAs, and citizenscitizens
• Private Voluntary Orgs and Non-Governmental OrgsPrivate Voluntary Orgs and Non-Governmental Orgs
Maxims for Crisis ActionsMaxims for Crisis Actions
• Keep it simpleKeep it simple– Think like someone in a foxhole, not someone Think like someone in a foxhole, not someone
in a boardroomin a boardroom
• Make sure it works during disasters, not Make sure it works during disasters, not just when things are copaceticjust when things are copacetic
• Plan for the worstPlan for the worst
• Train and exercise itTrain and exercise it
• An ounce of mitigation is worth a pound An ounce of mitigation is worth a pound of responseof response
• Complacency can be deadlyComplacency can be deadly
First: What’s the Plan and First: What’s the Plan and Who’s In Charge?Who’s In Charge?
• What’s the plan?What’s the plan?
• What is its trigger?What is its trigger?
• Who has decision making authority?Who has decision making authority?
• What authority do they have?What authority do they have?
• What if they’re off-line or incapacitated What if they’re off-line or incapacitated (line of succession)?(line of succession)?
• Checklists are wonderful!Checklists are wonderful!– If well conceivedIf well conceived
Can’t Do It Without Can’t Do It Without Communications!Communications!
• Communications Plan Communications Plan – Who to call? How?Who to call? How?
• What are your comm requirements?What are your comm requirements?– ‘‘Voice’ (landline, cell, text messaging, e-mail, VoIP*, Voice’ (landline, cell, text messaging, e-mail, VoIP*,
radio, satcom, etc)radio, satcom, etc)– Data (files, data, photos, etc)Data (files, data, photos, etc)– Infrastructure (networks, servers, applications, Infrastructure (networks, servers, applications,
databases)databases)
*Voice over Internet Protocol (phone lines carried over computer networks)
Checklists Keep Your Head Checklists Keep Your Head StraightStraight
• If you’re shooting from the hip, your If you’re shooting from the hip, your accuracy is questionableaccuracy is questionable
• If you’re shooting from the hip under If you’re shooting from the hip under stress, I wouldn’t want to stand close to stress, I wouldn’t want to stand close to youyou
• Well-constructed checklists provide Well-constructed checklists provide focus and accuracyfocus and accuracy
• Keep them simpleKeep them simple
What It Takes to Be ReadyWhat It Takes to Be Ready
““If you know the enemy and know yourself you need not If you know the enemy and know yourself you need not fear the results of a hundred battles” (Sun Tzu)fear the results of a hundred battles” (Sun Tzu)
““Plans are nothing; planning is everything.” (Eisenhower)Plans are nothing; planning is everything.” (Eisenhower)
““Life is what happens when you’ve made other plans” Life is what happens when you’ve made other plans” (Charles Schultz)(Charles Schultz)
• LeadershipLeadership
• KnowledgeKnowledge
• The ability to make and communicate informed The ability to make and communicate informed decisionsdecisions
• Prepared people and resilient systemsPrepared people and resilient systems
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The Rotary EOP TemplateThe Rotary EOP Template
• Mission StatementMission Statement– Disaster ReadinessDisaster Readiness– Disaster ResponseDisaster Response– Disaster ReliefDisaster Relief– Disaster RecoveryDisaster Recovery
• Essential Functions and Critical ResourcesEssential Functions and Critical Resources
• Risk AnalysisRisk Analysis
• Appendices and AnnexesAppendices and Annexes– Critical information and checklistsCritical information and checklists
Prep for the WorkshopPrep for the Workshop
• Look over the templateLook over the template
• Think over your potential club mission Think over your potential club mission areas (what it wants to do in disasters)areas (what it wants to do in disasters)
• Think about which functions you would Think about which functions you would consider to be criticalconsider to be critical
• Districts—how do you want to Districts—how do you want to participate? What are your essential participate? What are your essential functions?functions?
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Murphy’s Laws of CombatMurphy’s Laws of CombatLife is tough, but it’s tougher if you’re stupid.If it’s stupid, but works, it’s not stupid.Combat-ready units often fail inspections.Inspection-ready units often fail in combat.The easy way is always lined with SAMs.*Don’t look conspicuous. It draws fire.Never draw fire; it irritates everyone around you.When in doubt, empty the magazine.Never fly wing on anyone braver than you.Formation flight is essential. It gives them other people to shoot at.Try to look unimportant, they may be low on ammo.Incoming fire has the right of way.If the enemy is in range, so are you.Friendly fire isn’t.Tracers work both ways.Professionals are predictable but the world is full of amateurs.
*Surface-to-Air Missiles
