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A L L I N T H E F A M I L Y : T H E L E A D E R S H I P S T Y L E S O F K I M I L - S U N G , K I M J O N G - I L , A N D K I M J O N G - U N
S T A N F O R D U N I V E R S I T Y A P A R C / K O R E A P R O G R A M , A P R I L 1 3 , 2 0 2 0
K E N N E T H B . D E K L E V A , M D , M C K E N Z I E F O U N D A T I O N I C H A I R I N P S Y C H I A T R Y A N D A S S O C . P R O F . , P E T E R J . O ’ D O N N E L L B R A I N I N S T I T U T E , U T S O U T H W E S T E R N M E D I C A L C E N T E R , D A L L A S , T X
O V E R V I E W
CHILDHOOD
ADULTHOOD
Diplomacy
C H I N A A N D N O R T H K O R E A
• Mao: “as close as lips and teeth”; Korean War 1950-1953• 1992: China’s diplomatic relations with South Korea• China’s role in the Six Party Talks during the mid-2000s• Xi’s 2009 trip to the DPRK and meeting with Kim Jong-il• 2017: China’s support of UN sanctions• 2018: improved relations and Xi-Kim meetings in Beijing and
Dalian; China’s diplomatic role surrounding the June 2018 and February 2019 Kim-Trump summits
R U S S I A A N D N O R T H K O R E A
• Kim Il-sung’s relations with the USSR; Stalin, Khrushchev, Brezhnev
• Kim Jong-il and Russia; Konstantin Pulikovsky, “The Orient Express,” 2001
• 2017: Russian support for UN sanctions
• February 2019: Gleb Ivashentsev, Russia’s former ambassador to South
Korea: “the Hanoi summit represents a colossal achievement for Kim Jong Un,
who surpassed his father and his grandfather by forcing the head of the
largest imperialist nation to negotiate with him as an equal.”
• 2019 Kim-Putin summit in Vladivostok; Putin: praise for Kim Jong-un as “an
absolutely competent and mature politician”
T R U M P A N D K I M
DPRK and the US in 2018 ---“dawn of a new day” (Pompeo)
“The DPRK-US relationship has already shaken off the wrongful habits and prejudice of the past and entered a new historic track. Those who are like bubbles expelled by the powerful current of a great river will not make the people of the two countries of North Korea and the United States unable to do what they are to do.”
H E A L T H C O N C E R N S
• Obesity• Smoking• HTN? Diabetes?• Cardiovascular disease; stroke• Long-term health risks: Kim Jong-
un
L E A D E R S H I P C O M P A R I S O N S
• Ruthlessness, purges• Role of WPK, OGD as power centers• Juche, Songun, independence, nuclear
weapons, DPRK vs China, Russia, US; relations with Japan, South Korea
• Cyber; smuggling; bitcoin; counterfeiting; Office 39
• Style, on-site inspections, speeches, micromanagement; soft power
• KIS and KJU: extroverted, outgoing• KJI: introverted, emotional, artistic• KJU: bioterrorism (2017 murder of
Kim Jong-nam)• KJI and KIS: terrorism (1968, 1983,
1987); kidnappings of Japanese citizens
• Crises: Korean War; ‘The Arduous March’; COVID-19
F U T U R E
Challenges: sanctions relief? Economic development/reform? Shift towards the military
Nuclear opacity --- but DPRK shifting towards increased testing of its missile capabilities
COVID-19: health and IT infrastructure; multi-drug resistant TB epidemic; building of a new Pyongyang hospital
Relations with the US: a new opportunity?
Governance outcomes, leadership accountability/legitimacy following Kim’s management of COVID-19
R E F E R E N C E S
Jong-yil Ra: Inside North Korea’s Theocracy: The Rise and Sudden Fall of Jang Song-thaek
Chung Min Lee: The Hermit King: The Dangerous Game of Kim Jong Un
Dae-sook Suh: Kim Il-sung
John H. Cha: Exit Emperor Kim Jong-Il: Notes from His Former Mentor
Jung H. Paak: Becoming Kim Jong Un: A Former CIA Officer's Insights into North Korea's Enigmatic Young Dictator
Anna Fifield: The Great Successor: The Divinely Perfect Destiny of Brilliant Comrade Kim Jong Un
Dekleva Kenneth: https://www.38north.org/2020/01/kdekleva013020/
Questions?