All Rights Reserved: JusticeExperts.com JusticeXML Defining a Framework in Justice Information for the 21st Century

All Rights Reserved: JusticeExperts.com

JusticeXML

Defining a Framework in Justice Information for the 21st Century


Data(What)

Function(How)

Network(Where)

People(Who)

Time(When)

Motivation (Why)

Objectives/Scope

List of things important to the enterprise

List of processes the enterprise performs

List of locations where the enterprise operates

List of organizational units

List of business events/cycles

List of business goals/strategies

Conceptual

(Owners’ View)

Entity relationship diagram

Business process model

Logistics network

Organization chart with roles, skill sets, security issues

Business master schedule

Business rules

Logical

(Architect’s View)

Data model Essential data flow diagram; application architecture

Distributed system architecture

Human interaction architecture (roles, data, access), security requirements

Dependency diagram, entity life history (process structure)

Business rule model

Physical

(Designer’s View)

Data architecture (tables and columns); map to legacy data

System design

System architecture (hardware, software types)

User interface (how the system will behave), security design

“control flow” diagram

Business rule design

Build & Implement(Programmer’s View)

Data design, physical storage design

Detailed Program Design

Network Architecture

Screens, security architecture (who can see what?)

Timing definitions

Rule specification in program logic

Functioning System

Converted data Executable programs

Communications facilities

Trained people, using the system

Business events

Enforced rules

D

A

T

A


Understanding

Connectedness

InformationInformation

Relationships

IntelligenceIntelligence

Patterns

DataData

Data is Data


Data that is wrapped around the data (markup):

Captures relationships/nuances of the dataCaptures relationships/nuances of the data

Carries transmission data Security/AuthenticationCarries transmission data Security/Authentication

Carries triggers for Business RulesCarries triggers for Business Rules

Makes itself technologically interoperable between Makes itself technologically interoperable between technologies sending and receiving (parsers)technologies sending and receiving (parsers)

MetadataMetadata: Data about Data


MessageContent/Structure

TriggeringEvents

Definitions

StructureAttributes/Domain

CommonData

Technology

Data

DefinitionsStructuresAttributes

RelationshipsDomains

C riM N et P ro p e rt y ( E n t it y R ela t io n S u b j ec t A re a)

S A /2 00 1

M o n J u l 0 9, 2 00 1 1 6: 1 8

C om m en t

P re p ar ed b y T h e M A C R O G R O U P , In c . / L ab yrin t h C o n s u lt in g , In c .

P R O P E R T Y

E V ID E N C E C H A IN O F

C U S T O D Y

E V ID E N C E

D IS P O S IT IO N

IN D IV ID U A L

P R O P E R T YP R O P E R T Y

S T A T U S

E V ID E N C E

IM A G E

P R O P E R T Y

IM A G E

L IC E N S E

P L A T E

B O A T

P A R T

V E H IC L E

P A R T

A R T IC L E

C IT Y / T O W N

V E H IC L E

J E W E L R Y

S E C U R IT Y

G U NB O A T

G E M

S T A T E

m ay b eco m e

t r ac ke d v ia

ha s

ty pe o f

disp os ed of by

ha s

ha sha s

re gis te r

ho m e por t o f

co nt ain

re gis te r

ow n ed by

ty pe o f

Process

Events/Exchange PointsData Content

Business RulesDependencies/Constraints

TimingVolumes

Process Event Agency Condition DocumentReceiving Agency

Next Event

Process: Investigation Incident Law Enforcement If an incident report is filed. Arrest / Incident Report BCA Open File(s)

Process: Investigation Incident Law Enforcement If an incident report is filed AND a victim is involved.

Victim Record Victim Services Notify Victim

Process: Investigation Incident Law Enforcement Individual has been identified AND is under supervision AND has violated conditions of supervision.

Arrest / Incident Report Probation / Supervising Agency

Update File(s) AND Schedule Court Appearance (Revocation Hearing)

Process: Investigation Incident Law Enforcement If evidence collected. AND If law enforcement determines that a crime has been committed.

Incident Integration Information

Court Open File(s)


Incident Integration Information

Prosecuting Attorney Prosecution Charging Decision


Property and Inventory Report

Prosecuting Attorney Prosecution Charging Decision


Incident Integration Information/ Property and Inventory Report

BCA Open or Update File(s)

ServicesStandards

Operational RequirementsEnvironment

Network

EnterpriseArchitecture

Model

CJDN

Admin

Tools

AgencyAdapter

sServices

DeliveryServicesCustom

W eb

Portal

Services

Integration Broker

Transformation S

ervice

Mes

saging Service

Sec

urity Service

Mes

sage Content S

ervice

Administration Services

Cache Services

Cluster Services

Business Process Services

Registration L ocator

Event RequestRequ est Validation

Event Replication Message Routing

Transaction Management Event Logging

Multi-Broker Support

Data Management Service

Agency Hub SystemIMW S



CriMNetState Model

Metadata

IntegrationBackboneMetadata

TemporaryData Stores


Why XML?Why XML?

A structured language for describing a document being sent electronic by one agency to another (e.g. Arrest/ Incident Report)

Sets a standard for exchanging a document electronically

Describes the data on the document

Establishes a template for the document including organization and layout

Uses the standard data definitions from the Data Model


Why XML?

Document described can be forms, web pages, reports, rap sheets, etc.

Not limited to textual data – photographic images, fingerprint impressions, facsimile formats and other types of data can be included in the documents

XML is in a text format that can be read by people

XML is license-free, platform-independent and well-supported

Any XML specifications will be guided by W3C standards.



Attorneys87 + ?

Local LE 87 + 600

Probation

87 + ?

Prisons

>100?

Jails

87 + ?

State & Fed LE

>12 ?

1100+ Agencies

1.4 MILLION Possible Interface Specs Courts

10?

87?

1?


Jails

State & Fed LE

Local LE

Probation

Prisons Courts

Attorneys

10 512

2

11

6

x

1 Schema


Purpose: Facilitate information sharing and integrated justice by reducing impediments, such as lack of standards, cost, and time.

Why a Justice XML Data Model?

Why a Justice XML Data Model?

XML: A set of rules that specify syntax for information exchange.

Justice XML: Extends XML to the justice and public safety communities by providing a standard vocabulary and semantic building blocks, which can be reused and extended by practitioner, integrator, and vendor communities.


Why XML?Why XML?

A structured language for describing a document being sent electronic by one agency to another (e.g. Arrest/ Incident Report)

Sets a standard for exchanging a document electronically

Describes the data on the document

Establishes a template for the document including organization and layout

Uses the standard data definitions from the Data Model


Why XML?

Document described can be forms, web pages, reports, rap sheets, etc.

Not limited to textual data – photographic images, fingerprint impressions, facsimile formats and other types of data can be included in the documents

XML is in a text format that can be read by people

XML is license-free, platform-independent and well-supported

Any XML specifications will be guided by W3C standards.


XML Object RepositoryXML Object Repository

W3C XML SchemaW3C XML Schema

Support Data ComponentsSupport Data Components

Simple ComponentsSimple Components

Complex ComponentsComplex Components

Document / TransactionsDocument / Transactions

SEARCH Justice InfoExchange Model (JIEM)SEARCH Justice Info

Exchange Model (JIEM)

ReconcileData

Dictionary(RDD)

RequirementsMethodologyFormal Rules

Ref ArchitectureStandards

RequirementsMethodologyFormal Rules

Ref ArchitectureStandards

ArrestWarrant.xsdArrestWarrant.xsd

IncidentReport.xsdIncidentReport.xsd

SentenceOrder.xsdSentenceOrder.xsd

ChargeDoc.xsdChargeDoc.xsd

RapSheet.xsdRapSheet.xsd

DriverHistory.xsdDriverHistory.xsd

RISSIntel.xsdRISSIntel.xsd

CourtFiling.dtdCourtFiling.dtd

CriMNet

InfoTech

Justice XMLData Dictionary

Schema andRegistry

Justice XMLData Dictionary

Schema andRegistry

Other DDs&

Data Sets

DocumentSpec.xsdDocumentSpec.xsdDocumentSpec.xsdDocumentSpec.xsd

OtherDocSpecs.xsdOtherDocSpecs.xsdOtherDocSpecs.xsdOtherDocSpecs.xsd

Justice Standard XML Data Dictionary

Schema

Justice Standard XML Data Dictionary

Schema


Core Data ModelCore Data Model

PersonPerson

OrganizationOrganization PropertyProperty

MetadataMetadata

LocationLocationContact InfoContact Info

ActivityActivityDocumentDocument

relationships


RelationshipsRelationships

• Visual representation • Pattern matching• Search templates• Belief networks• Represent uncertainty• Event prediction

Template (known pattern)

Discoveredpattern

owns

sold

son_of

witnessed

What Can You Do with Global Relationships?


XMLXML

HTMLHTML

EXtensible Markup Language = syntax

HyperText Markup Language = presentation

HTTPHTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol = presentation

TCP/IPTCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol= network transmission protocols

DAML+OILDAML+OIL

RDF / RDFSRDF / RDFS

DARPA Agent Markup Language+ Ontology Inference Layer= semantics / inferencing

Resource Description Framework and RDF Schema = relationships

* Knowledge

Layers Knowledge

Layers

Intel AgentsIntel Agents

Intelligent software agents = decision / action

Semantic Web


Doc.xsdDoc.xsd

IncidentRpt

IncidentRpt

BookingRpt

BookingRpt Charge

DocCharge

Doc

CaseFile

CaseFile

ArrestWarrantArrest

WarrantArrest

RptArrest

Rpt

ProtectOrder

ProtectOrder

SentenceOrder

SentenceOrder

ActivityActivity

PersPers

LocLoc

CntCnt

PropPropOrgOrg

??????

DocDocRelateRelate

IncidentIncident

ActivityActivity

InvestigateInvestigate

ArrestArrest

BookBook ConfineConfine

ProsecuteProsecute

IndictIndict AdjudicateAdjudicate SentenceSentence

IncarcerateIncarcerate

BondBond

SuperviseSupervise

ReleaseRelease

ChargeCharge

PardonPardonParoleParole

FineFine

Typical Activity ObjectsTypical Activity Objects


Person Object

Case Object

Offense Object

Header

Disposition Object

Commitment Object


It is FREE!Reduction in implementation costBased on standards and practitioner user requirementsBroad domain: Courts, law enforcement, corrections, prosecution, intelligence, first respondersExtensibility and flexibilityPromotes reusable componentsOJP tools to help justice practitioners

XML: BenefitsXML: Benefits


NIEM


NIEM

NIEM Steering Committee NIEM Steering Committee

NIEM (tactical) NIEM (tactical)

Global XSTF Global XSTF

Core

U-Core

NIEM 1.0

1.01.0

NIEM National Governance

HomelandSecurity

DMWG

Other

Continue with GJXDM as isContinue with GJXDM as is

GJXDM GJXDM3.N3.N

Justice domain+ NIEM impact

Justice domain+ NIEM impact

evaluate for:

XSTF

Justice


NIEM

Lessons

learned

Lessons

learned

New

requirements

New

requirements

Tech

nolo

gy

inse

rtio

n

Tech

nolo

gy

inse

rtio

n

Feedback

Feedback

NIEM Steering CommitteeNIEM Steering Committee

Global XSTFGlobal XSTF

GJXDM (operational) GJXDM (operational)

NIEM (tactical) NIEM (tactical)

Requirements from Global domainRequirements from Global domain

Requirements fromDHS + DoJ domainRequirements fromDHS + DoJ domain

ATFE, ICEcontent

3.0.03.0.0 3.0.23.0.2 3.1.03.1.03.0.33.0.3 3.N3.N

0.10.1

initializeand ID Core

set-upexperimental

test bedExplore good ideas: new metadata, scope/context, taxonomies/categories, federated NIEM repository, additional domains, Web Service interfaces, collaborative tools, OWL representation, …

U.S. Marshals, BTSService content

other content, features, capabilities as appropriate

0.20.2 0.N0.N 1.01.0

NIEM (strategic)NIEM (strategic)

Key Decision Points(KDP’s)


GJXDMGJXDM

Introduction to the Introduction to the JusticeXML Data Dictionary JusticeXML Data Dictionary

Schema v. 3.0Schema v. 3.0

GJXDMGJXDM



Object StructureObject StructureObject StructureObject Structure


Basic Concepts & TerminologyBasic Concepts & Terminology

XML schema: Concept: Type •

Object/Class Element • Property

XML instance: Reality: TagName • Instance of Class Value of TagName • Value of Property

XML Types define data

structure XML Elements define data

semantics


Object-Oriented Methodology:Building an Class Hierarchy

Object-Oriented Methodology:Building an Class Hierarchy

Last NameLast Name

First NameFirst Name

Middle InitialMiddle Initial

HairColor…HairColor…

and

PersonType

PersonType

PersonType

PersonType

SubjectType

SubjectType

JudicialType

JudicialType

LETypeLE

Type

JudgeType

JudgeType

AttorneyType

AttorneyType


Named Types vs. Elements Named Types vs. Elements

Question: Why define standard named types?

Answer: At times you will want to compare (similar) object instances with different semantic meanings but with same syntax and structure. If they are of the same type then you can easily compare or operate on them.

Example: ArrestDate and ReleaseDate have different semantic meaning. But it is easier to compute a time interval between them if they are both of the same data type (date).

Question: Why define standard elements?

Answer: To discourage different element names for the same data concept (instance type). You want to recognize semantically equivalent elements (that have same meaning).

Also, enables you to define standard relationships and relate data objects more easily.

Examples: Are SentencingOrder and DispositionOrder the same?How can software understand the difference between OrganizationID and AgencyID?

Question: Why is inheritance useful?

Answer: Organizes objects by their common properties (elements).Allows software to treat objects with common properties in a uniform way.Object types may share a common definition (eliminates duplicate definitions).Extension mechanism for adding new properties is intuitive (the way we think).

Example: Can treat all “conveyances” (vehicles) in a uniform way.


Object Model ExampleObject Model Example

SuperTypeSuperType

PersonTypePersonType

BirthDateBirthDate

LastNameLastName

OrganizationTypeOrganizationType

FirstNameFirstName

MissingPersonTypeMissingPersonType

AgencyTypeAgencyType

SuspectPersonTypeSuspectPersonType

CriminalOrgTypeCriminalOrgType

ConveyanceTypeConveyanceType

LocationTypeLocationType

ArrestDateArrestDate

MetaDataItem1MetaDataItem1

ff

ee

ii

bb

MissingDateMissingDate

cc

hh

dd

gg

kk

AddressTypeAddressType

aa

BB

AA

DD

CC

is_a

is_a

is_a

has_a

is_a


SuperType

Person Object SubclassesPerson Object Subclasses

Types (NOT Elements); many elements can and willbe defined with these types

Types (NOT Elements); many elements can and willbe defined with these types

PersonType

ParticipantType OfficialType

IS-A

SubjectType JudicialOfficerTypeEnforcementOfficerType

IS-A

IS-A

IS-A

PersonLastNamePersonFirstNamePersonMiddleNamePersonBirthDatePersonPhysicalDescriptionPersonSocialIdentifiersPersonBiometricAttributesPersonContactInformation…

PersonLastNamePersonFirstNamePersonMiddleNamePersonBirthDatePersonPhysicalDescriptionPersonSocialIdentifiersPersonBiometricAttributesPersonContactInformation…


AddressTypeAddressType

Address Object ExampleAddress Object Example

CourtAddressTypeCourtAddressType

JusticePersAddressTypeJusticePersAddressType

DefenseAddressTypeDefenseAddressType

ProsecutorAddressTypeProsecutorAddressType

<DefAttnyName><DefAttnyName>

<AgencyName><AgencyName>

<CourtName><CourtName>

<ProAttnyName><ProAttnyName>

Type namescarry generic structural and classification

semantics

Type namescarry generic structural and classification

semantics

<JudgeAddress><JudgeAddress>

to parent

<SubjectAddress><SubjectAddress>

<VictimAddress><VictimAddress>

<WitnessAddress><WitnessAddress>

<POBoxNo><StreetDirection><StreetNo><StreetName><StreetType><ApartmentNo><City><State><ZipCode>

<POBoxNo><StreetDirection><StreetNo><StreetName><StreetType><ApartmentNo><City><State><ZipCode>

Element names carry specific

semantics

Element names carry specific

semantics

type_of

has_a

is_a


Extension of the Class Hierarchy:Example in XML Schema

Extension of the Class Hierarchy:Example in XML Schema

<xsd:complexType name=“MissingPersonType”><xsd:complexContent><xsd:extension base=“PersonType”><xsd:sequence><xsd:element name=“MissingDate” type=“xsd:date”/>

</xsd:sequence></xsd:extension>

</xsd:complexContent></xsd:complexType>

<xsd:complexType name=“PersonType”><xsd:sequence><xsd:element name=“LastName” type=“xsd:string”/><xsd:element name=“FirstName” type=“xsd:string”/> <xsd:element name=“BirthDate” type=“xsd:date”/>

</xsd:sequence></xsd:complexType>

is_a


SuperType

Other Object SubclassesOther Object Subclasses

LocationTypeDocumentType

ContactInformationType

IS-A

IncidentType

SentenceType

DispositionType

_______Type_______Type_______Type_______Type(activity)Type

ArrestType

. . . . . .

IS-A IS-A

There is no single Activity object. … Instead, there are many

activity/event/process -like objects available for building schemas.

There is no single Activity object. … Instead, there are many

activity/event/process -like objects available for building schemas.


Five Dimensions of the SEARCH Justice Information Exchange Model (JIEM)

Five Dimensions of the SEARCH Justice Information Exchange Model (JIEM)

1. Processes in action (state)

2. Events that trigger exchange

3. Agencies exchanging

4. Conditions of exchange

5. Information exchanged:

• Documents

• Data Sets

• Data Elements

The starting point for Activity objects …


Doc.xsdDoc.xsd

IncidentRpt

IncidentRpt

BookingRpt

BookingRpt Charge

DocCharge

Doc

CaseFile

CaseFile

ArrestWarrantArrest

WarrantArrest

RptArrest

Rpt

ProtectOrder

ProtectOrder

SentenceOrder

SentenceOrder

ActivityActivity

PersPers

LocLoc

CntCnt

PropPropOrgOrg

??????

DocDocRelateRelate

IncidentIncident

ActivityActivity

InvestigateInvestigate

ArrestArrest

BookBook ConfineConfine

ProsecuteProsecute

IndictIndict AdjudicateAdjudicate SentenceSentence

IncarcerateIncarcerate

BondBond

SuperviseSupervise

ReleaseRelease

ChargeCharge

PardonPardonParoleParole

FineFine

Typical Activity ObjectsTypical Activity Objects


JusticeXMLJusticeXML






Semantic NamingSemantic NamingSemantic NamingSemantic Naming


ISO Standard 11179Data Element Naming Syntax

ISO Standard 11179Data Element Naming Syntax

VehicleOdometerBrandCode

Object Class Term(leftmost)

Property Term(follows object class term)

Representation Term(rightmost)

Qualifier Term(s)(as necessary)

BrandPhysical Name(table column name from a DB)








RelationshipsRelationshipsRelationshipsRelationships


ObjectTypeObjectType

SubjectTypeSubjectType

Property Property Has-Subject

Has-Object

XML schema:<complexType name=“PersonNameType”><sequence><element name=“PersonLastName” type=“string”/><element name=“PersonFirstName” type=“string”/>

</sequence></complexType><element name=“PersonName” type=“PersonNameType”/>

XML instance:<PersonName><PersonLastName>Kindl</PersonLastName><PersonFirstName>Mark</PersonFirstName>

</PersonName>

Conceptual Data Model Represented by Justice Data Dictionary Database



stringTypestringType

PersonLastName PersonLastName Obj



PersonNameTypePersonNameType

PersonTypePersonType

PersonName PersonName Subj

Obj

XML schema:<complexType name=“PersonNameType”><sequence><element name=“PersonLastName” type=“string”/><element name=“PersonFirstName” type=“string”/>

</sequence></complexType><element name=“PersonName” type=“PersonNameType”/>

stringTypestringType

PersonFirstName PersonFirstName Obj

Subj

Subj








EnumerationsEnumerationsEnumerationsEnumerations


SECTION 1 -- OUTER HULL MATERIAL (HUL) FIELD CODESThe code from the list below that best describes the material of which the boat’s outer hull is made should be entered in the HUL Field.Material CodeMetal (aluminum, steel, etc.) MLPlastic (fiberglass, uniglass, etc.) PLWood (cedar, plywood, fir, etc.) WDOther OT

<BoatHullMaterialText code=“ML” source=“NCIC” version=“2000”>Rusted Iron

</BoatHullMaterialText>

XML Instance

One Method of ImplementingExternal Enumerations (codes)

One Method of ImplementingExternal Enumerations (codes)

NCIC 2000


The Conflict

The dictionary needs to be large Many different users to support Many different Justice domains to support

The full JXDD schema is too large Problems with loading and validation Elements are over-inclusive Must import entire JXDDS to use


The Solution: Customized Sub-Schemas

A comprehensive set of schemas Allows you to specify what you choose to import

from the dictionary Incorporates local element and type definitions Can result in a complete set of schemas for a

document or report

Establishes a set of guidelines for making customizations

Designed to tailor the JXDD to individual user needs.











</Intro><Ident>

<Name><Lname>Simpson</

Lname><Fname>Homer</Fname><Mname>M</

Mname><Suffix>Jr</Suffix></Name><Name>

<Lname>Home</Lname><Fname></Fname><Mname></Mname>

<Suffix></Suffix></Name><FBI>62660NY12</FBI><SID>NY12345678></SID><SocSecNr>220565860</SocSecNr>

Case Object

Header

Name Object

Offense Object

Disposition Object

Commitment Object

What is XML?What is XML?


W3C Schema SpecificationW3C Schema Specification

JusticeXML Schema.xsdJusticeXML Schema.xsd

Arrest Warrant.xsd Arrest Warrant.xsd

Arrest Warrant.xml Arrest Warrant.xml

Applications Code Applications Code

Document schema

Document instanceLocal Ext.xsd Local Ext.xsd

Local Ext.xml Local Ext.xml

XML Schema Reference Hierarchy


Reference ArchitectureW3C XMLSchema

W3C XMLSchema

SupportTypes

SupportTypes

Local_Instance.xmlLocal_Instance.xmlStandard_Instance.xmlStandard_Instance.xml

ElementNames

ElementNames

EntityTypesEntityTypes

xmlns:justice

xmlns:xsd

xmlns:xsi

W3C XMLInstance

W3C XMLInstance

xmlns:local

Standard Tag NamesStandard

Tag Names

Data Typesthat do not fit into the class

hierarchy

Data Typesthat do not fit into the class

hierarchy

Primary Data Model -- Class Hierarchy

Primary Data Model -- Class Hierarchy

import+ ns ref

namespace refs

ns ref

Document Typese.g. Arrest WarrantDocument Types

e.g. Arrest WarrantLocal

ExtensionLocal

Extension

import+ ns ref

import+ ns ref


XML Messages


XML Messages