All students are capable of getting a 3 out of a 5 on the thematic and DBQ essay addressing the task...
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All students are capable of getting a 3 out of a 5 on the thematic and DBQ essay addressing the task and developing a well -organized essay which provides
All students are capable of getting a 3 out of a 5 on the
thematic and DBQ essay addressing the task and developing a well
-organized essay which provides sufficient and/or adequate evidence
and descriptive and slightly analytical support. You are better
than that!!!! You just need to explore the subject material more
and write until you have exhausted all of your knowledge skills and
materials ( leave it all out on the field or testing room). The
following themes have traditionally been utilized on both DBQ and
thematic essays. The graphic organizer will allow you to provide
insightful background information to be utilized in the
introduction and conclusion and your examples will provide
knowledge of theme to be utilized as examples, details, evidence
etc. on a thematic or, perhaps, as outside information for the DBQ.
Please utilize thematic review sheet, any review sheet ( including
MC questions) and your knowledge of global history and
geography
Slide 2
Backgroundexamples The only constant is change. Be the change
that you wish to see in the world. Mahatma Gandhi Never doubt that
a small group of thoughtful, committed, citizens can change the
world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has. Margaret
MeadMargaret Mead Education is the most powerful weapon which you
can use to change the world. Nelson MandelNelson Mandel The world
as we have created it is a process of our thinking. It cannot be
changed without changing our thinking. Albert EinsteinAlbert
Einstein Change comes in technology in order to create a more
efficient, easier, less labor intensive way of life. Change happens
by accident and through a series of carefully calibrated conscious
decisions. Ideas, education and connections between cultures are
some of the greatest transmitters of change. Life is a series of
natural and spontaneous changes. Don't resist them; that only
creates sorrow. Let reality be reality. Let things flow naturally
forward in whatever way they like. Lao TzuLao Tzu Neolithic
Revolution Interregional trading networks Hellenistic Empires Chin
Dynasties centralization Constantines conversion of Christianity
Mongol Khanates Mansa Musas conversion of Mali to Muslim Empire
Bantu migrations Fall of Empires (Rome, Han, Gupta,etc.) Rise and
Spread of Dar Al Islam Protestant Reformation Columbian Exchange
Black Death Isolation of Japans Tokugawa Industrial Revolution(s)
Berlin Conference (scramble for Africa) World Wars (I and II)
Genocides Cold War Technologies (gunpowder, paper, train, airplane,
automobile, digital, etc.)
Slide 3
Backgound Similar to change, sometimes turning points are
connections, interactions or accidents which forever create major
impacts on the fate of civilizations, peoples way of life or
historical developments. They are sometimes determined by groups,
empires, or by just individuals. As these events, decisions or
accidents happen, many do not understand them as turning points
but, rather, hstorians evaluate that these were watersheds in the
course of human history. They may have important positive
consequences improving health, way of life or an understanding of
the world. They may, also, have horrific consequences like the
deaths of millions, fall of great empires of a decrease in
understanding, tolerance and social harmony. Regardless on their
consequences, historians view these as turning points. The turning
point in the process of growing up is when you discover the core of
strength within you that survives all hurt.The turning point in the
process of growing up is when you discover the core of strength
within you that survives all hurt. From a certain point onward
there is no longer any turning back. That is the point that must be
reached.- SenecaFrom a certain point onward there is no longer any
turning back. That is the point that must be reached. Life is
always at some turning point. Irwin Edman Neolithic Revolution
Industrial Revolution Hitlers final solution Columbian Exchange
Fall of Rome Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Green Revolution Scientific
Revolution Communist Revolutions (Russia and.or China) Ghandis Salt
March Mandelas imprisonment Dropping of the Atomic bomb Great Dying
Great Hunger (Ireland) Taiping Rebellion
Slide 4
Historical BackgroundExamples of Impacts Religions and
philosophies have helped to provide mankind with a worldview.
Before science, religion explained many of the great mysteries of
the universe, provided a moral and ethical framework and united
believers providing them with a framework of historical
understanding. Politically, belief systems helped to justify
authority and maintain a social order where everyone would know
what was expected of them, belief systems would spread across trade
routes through missionaries and merchants and culturally would
inspire architects and engineers to build monumental architecture.
In short, world belief systems like Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism,
Christianity and Islam and Confucianism, Legalism and Taoism just
to name a few would have a strong impact on global historical
develop Religions and philosophies have served both to unite and
divide people since the first stylus hit the wedge clay and spelled
it out in cuneiform. Earliest explanations about human existence
and world views were illustrated in creation myths told by
priest-kings. Ceremonial centers and pyramids were erected in honor
of various deities and centers of learning were built to advance
cultures in labs, classrooms and places of worship. The old saying
that there are no atheists in foxholes identifies that in times of
peril (a foxhole referred to where soldiers were encamped for
protection from enemy fire) people cling on to their religious
beliefs for fear that death is imminent (trying to make peace
before they meet their maker). It is clear that, from the womb to
the tomb, belief systems have played an integral role in the
development of World History Monumental architecture Justification
of authority Wars Tolerance vs intolerance Schisms or divisions
within sects Sects which vary by geography Divine right or mandate
of Heaven Ethic minorities and Genocide ( Ethnic Albanian in Bosnia
or Jews in Germany) Role of Hinduism and Ghandi Role of Buddhism
and Asoka or Ann Sang Su Kyii Role of Judaism and Zionism (creation
of Israel) Role of pilgrimages Laws ( Cannon, Talmud, Sharia, Code
of Manu) 5 pillars, 10 comandments, 4 noble truths, 8 fold path,
Karma, Dharma, Reincarnation, dietary restrictions Role of
geography and spread Role of trade Role of universal vs ethnic
regional Crusades 30 years war
Slide 5
Historical Contextexamples War is a way of teaching geography-
Paul Rodriguez Sometimes your latitude effects your attitude. A
geographic determinist would say history was profoundly shaped by
geography and Jared Diamond argues that civliizations which fail to
respond to geographic forces fail while those that do succeed.
Geography is the study of the Earth and its features and includes
movement, human and environmental interaction, location and place.
It is where populations settle, transportation, what they eat as
well as how they lead their life. It impacts the development of the
first civilizations from settlement to nomadic pastoralists. Today
the global North and the Global South have economic disparities
because of the geographic differences and the geographic
exploitation of the north by the south. Geography includes
resources, labor and a groups abiulity to adapt despite
overwhelming adversity. Certain physical landforms are easy to
settle while some are barely habitable. Geography has made us
neighbors. History has made us friends. Economics has made us
partners, and necessity has made us allies. Those whom God has so
joined together, let no man put asunder. John F. KennedGeography
has made us neighbors. History has made us friends. Economics has
made us partners, and necessity has made us allies. Those whom God
has so joined together, let no man put asunder. John F. Kennedy To
me, it seems a dreadful indignity to have a soul controlled by
geography. George Santayana Strategic watersources (rivers,
straits, Oceans) River valley civilizations, bodies of water (
strategic location, irrigation, transportation, communication,
flooding) Bantu migrations, Vikings, Arabs, Mongols, Jewish
Diaspora, Indentured servitude, Chattel slavery, migrant laborers
(globalization), pilgrims, explorers( Zheng He, Columbus, Magellan,
Da Gama, etc.) Trade routes (silk routes, Trans-Sahara, Indian
Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean, Pacific Ocean, Black Sea,
Roads like Rome, Royal and Inca) Manipulation- Chinampas, Terrace
farming, quanats, cisterns, bridges, aqueducts, railroads,
steamships, automobiles, highways, baths, sewer systems, paper
production, calendars, metallurgy, slash and burn, hydro-electric
power, wind power, fiber optics, trans-oceanic cables, papyrus,
cuneiform, seismograph, buildings Commodities- oil, salt, gold,
silver, fur, sugar, silk, spices, slaves( or other coercive labor
force), rare earth, hydrofracking, uranium, copper, tin,
agricultural products ( wheat, corn, cereal grains, chicken, cows,
pigs, chickens, champa rice, etc.) Spread of religions-
Christianity, Buddhism, Islam ( nature based religions: Polytheism,
animism, Shintoism, Taoism) Policies- mercantilism, deforestation,
slash and burn, colonization, displacement, wars, genocide,
diasporas, refugees, land-redistribution, mineral extraction,
taxation, feudalism, encomienda, treaties ( ex. Tordesillas,
Nanjing, or Versailles), collectivization, industrialization,
infrastructure projects ( canals, bridges, roads, urbanization)
Natural disasters and responses: flooding, cyclones, hurricanes,
tsunamis, earthquakes, volcanoes, drought, famine, predatory
species
Slide 6
Historical BackgroundExamples With the advent of the first
civilizations in the river valleys of the Nile, Tigris -Euphrates,
Indus and Huang He the rise of dense populations required a
decision making person or group who would provide protection, help
construct infrastructure projects, maintain law and order and
somehow pay for it all through the levying of taxes. Various forms
of leadership and governance have been attempted throughout the
ages to degrees of success and some epic failures. Political sytems
responsibilitie sinclude the regulation of large, dense populations
through laws, maintining and providing for the public defense,
creating a infrastructure and collecting revenue with which it
spends often more than it collects. Great politial systems
controlled lucrative trade routes and exhibited golden ages while
others grew corrupt and failed to address the concerns of its
citizenry and was toppled by a greater force whether a peasant
rebellion or another empire who provided a better way of life.
Political systems wage war and maintain peace, Create harmon or
promote dischord. Help develop and create great works of art or
science or technology or tear down all the components which
preceded it. A political system sometimes adopts and apats and
sometimes overcomes. Winston Churchill said democracy is the worst
form of government but the best one tried so far. When we blindly
adopt a religion, a political system, a literary dogma, we become
automatons. We cease to grow. Anais Nin The basis of our political
system is the right of the people to make and to alter their
constitutions of government. George Washington The United States
brags about its political system, but the President says one thing
during the election, something else when he takes office, something
else at midterm and something else when he leaves. Deng Xiaoping
Feudalism ( Japan, Europe, China, Latin America) Monarchy (
Absolute and Constitutional) Democracy ( Direct and
representative/Republic) Oligarchy Plutocracy Tyranny Totalitarian
Theocracy Technocracy Preist-Kings Empires Colonialism Impaerialism
Legalism Meritocracy
Slide 7
Historical contextexamples Culture is sometimes referred to as
a blueprint for living. It is generally anything created by humans
and can fit into the theme of social, economic, religious, and the
development of ideas. These ideas can both change the world and
create a better place to live or destroy pre-existing notions (for
good and bad) and contribute to great instability. Ideas are both
powerful as well as damaging so one needs to be careful with the
power of ideas. Universities, salons, books, religions, libraries
and open forums were all areas for groups to congregate and engage
in intellectual and cultural discourse and trade routes, ports and
cities became culturally diffused regions of convergence to share
these ideas. There is a saying that knowledge is power and from
this knowledge comes thinking, studying and expounding upon what is
considered conventional wisdom. The only true wisdom is in knowing
you know nothing. SocratesSocrates did then what I knew how to do.
Now that I know better, I do better. Maya AngelouMaya Angelou
Confidence is ignorance. If you're feeling cocky, it's because
there's something you don't know. Eoin Colfer, Artemis FowlEoin
ColferArtemis Fowl Libraries Mathematics Engineering Humanism
Enlightenment Theory of relativity Germ theory of disease
Biological engineering Industrialism (of anything) Farming (think)
Music, clothing, art, architecture Renaissance(S) Golden
Age(S)
Slide 8
Historical contextexamples 1750-Present sees the rise of the
nation-state and the dawning of a new identity toward ones country
(nation-state) rather than ones culture, ethnicity, religion of
region. The concept drew wide attention toward pride, independence,
common cultural, historic and ideological components which sometime
drew groups together but, at times, splintered them apart. The
belief that ones nation could do no wrong and inspired components
of imperialism, militarism and global conflict were the same
ideologies which led to self- determination, popular sovereignty
and decolonization. Patriotism is when love of your own people
comes first; nationalism, when hate for people other than your own
comes first. Charles de Gaulle Nationalism is power hunger tempered
by self- deception. George Orwell Causes for imperialism 19 th
century Unification of Germany and Italy Russification Atlantic
Revolutions Causes of WWI and II Russian, Cuban, Chinese, Mexican
and Iran Revolution ( with some Communism and/or Shiitism involved)
Division of Ottoman and Austria- Hungarian Empires Balkanization
Pan Arabism Zionism Pan Slavism Pan Africanism Partition of
India
Slide 9
Historical Contextexamples The desire to take over territories
utilizing military force for the purpose of gaining control over
its people, resources and markets is a system which hails back to
Egypt and Assyria. While its motive differed from God, Gold and
Glory to Christianization, Commercialization and civilizing,the
purpose wa scontrol and the method was quite militaristic. Whether
it was for Lebenstraum or Westward expansion, sometimes the native
inhabitants actually gained great fortune and advancements as the
imperializers brought the fruits of empire. Other times, howver,
the diseases, slavery and exploitation of resources and markets led
to an imbalance of political forces. While the hunter often tells
tha tale of the lion, imperialism still persists in various forms
today. So long as there is imperialism in the world, a permanent
peace is impossible. Hassan Nasrallah When it comes to combating
imperialism we are all Stalinists. Nikita Khrushchev Egypt,
Assyrian, Greece, Hellenistic, China ( Tang/Yuan), Maurya, Aztecs,
Incas, Mongols, Sudanic Kingdoms, Mughal, Ottoman, Spain, Portugal,
England, France, Dutch, German, Austrai-Hungary, United States,
Russia, Japan, China, U.S.S.R, Mercantilism Old imperialism New
imperialism Neo-colonialism Globalization Economic imperialism
Cultural imperialism Cold War ( Proxy Wars) Ideological imperialism
(Jiihad vs McWorld) ISIS
Slide 10
Historical Contextexamples As earliest mankind moved out of
Africa and slowly began a pattern of settlement through all of the
continents, geography, biology and diversity contributed to a vast
cultural, economic and political landscape which prompted both an
appreciation of the individual difference, a diffusion and
convergence of ideas as well as the intentional and unintentional
mixing of people, places and things. The reliance on other is as
ancient as mankind is a evolutionary feature which allows mankind
to coexist. Trade, labor specialization, social hierarchal
functioning as well as belief systems of morality, identity and
understanding have made mankind one of the most needy yet
self-sufficient beings on Earth. I think... if it is true that
there are as many minds as there are heads, then there are as many
kinds of love as there are hearts. Leo Tolstoy, Anna KareninaLeo
TolstoyAnna Karenina Strength lies in differences, not in
similarities Stephen R. CoveyStephen R. Covey Regional,
interreguional and global trading networks Globalization
Mercantilism Feudal ties (ex. Manorialism) Multi-ethnic empires
Cosmopolitan cities Syncretism ( Voo doo, Neo-Confucianism,
Hinduism, Swahili) Caste system Encomienda system Slavery and other
coercive labor systems Favorable balances of trade Tribute Empires
( see multi-ethnic empires) Societies of tolerance and freedoms
Universal declaration of human rights Sara Dara Mc Donalds
Migrations
Slide 11
Historical ContextExamples Mankind possese the uncanny ability
to determine what is fair and what is not yet has contributed to so
many disparities whether it be socio-economic, religious, or
political, From the Neolithic revolution when the surplus of
agricultural would pave the way for labor specialization,
inequities would plague the path of the human journey. There have
been numerous attempts, however, to bring justice, fairness or
elevate some peoples status however slight through laws,
rebellions, universal standards and the philosophical thought that
all people deserve dignity, respect and fairness. While slavery,
patriarchy, rigid social hierarchy and genoide persist throughout
the human condition, so, too, does the fight for rights, social
struggles and the ability for individuals to gain access to equal
political, economic and cultural institutions. There may be times
when we are powerless to prevent injustice, but there must never be
a time when we fail to protest. Elie WieselElie Wiesel Truth never
damages a cause that is just. Mahatma GandhiMahatma Gandhi To sin
by silence, when they should protest, makes cowards of men. Ella
Wheeler WilcoxElla Wheeler Wilcox Hammurabis Code 12 Tables of Rome
Justinains Code (Byzantine Empire) Magna Carta English Bill of
Rights The Enlightenment Atlantic Revolutions Yellow Turban
Rebellion Nat Turners Rebellion Aboltion of Slavery Emancipation of
serfs Universal male suffrage Female suffrage Abolition of Sati
Abolition of Apartheid Abolition of Jim Crow (civil rights)
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (Hague) Genocide, slvery,
patriarchy, class warfare, Wall Street, imperiliazation vs
decolonization League of Nations, United Nations Same sex
marriage
Slide 12
Historical Contextexamples There is a wanderlust amongst the
human population and has been so ever since the first homo sapiens
migrated out of Africa. The desire for something better whether it
be new foodstuffs, a better environment, opportunities or to
provide for the ever growing family led to the increasing
interconnectivity between groups of people across the Earth. As the
movement of people and their goods, ideas and ways of life
(cultural diffusion) continued, wider passages of highways,
technologies and policies facilitated broader and sweeping
movements. The desire to spread faith, empire, and the acqusition
of material wealth, labor and markets increased as the world became
smaller due to new ideas, technologies and fostered a sense of
increased hemispheric interactions. From Neolithic to globalization
the movement of people and goods trudges forward( or backward some
might say) The advancement and diffusion of knowledge is the only
guardian of true liberty. James Madison Silk routes Trans- sahara
Mediterranean River Valleys Roads ( Royal, Roman, Inca) Columbian
Exhange Black Sea Pacific and Atlantic Starits of Malaca
Spice,Sugar, Slave trade Urbanization Nomads( Vikings, Arabs,
Aztecs, Bantu, Mongols, Polynesians) Indentured servants Migrant
workers
Slide 13
Historical Contextexamples Science and technology is generally
societies application of conventional wisdom and challenging the
borders of acceptable knowledge. Sometimes it comes about due to
independent innovation ( Necessity is the mother of invention) or
due to an amalgamation of indigenous and borrowed cultural traits (
cultural diffusion). Societies which experience Golden Ages are
generally ones which emphasize science and technology and
essentially become economically powerful as well as militarily.
Success is sometimes percieved by those who advance utilizing
wisdom, academic study and the puruit of boldly going where no man
has gone before. Science and technology apply natural laws to
improve building, military, transportation, and lifestyle but the
seedy underbelly are all the unintended consequences of science and
progress. Sometimes degradation to the environment, social elitism
and mass destruction of humanity are just some of the negative
consequences of science and technology. In questions of science,
the authority of a thousand is not worth the humble reasoning of a
single individual. - Galileo Galilei Science is a way of thinking
much more than it is a body of knowledge. - Carl Sagan Farming
during the neolitic revolution concept of zero in Gupta and/or Maya
Greek philosophy Roman engineering Inca engineering
Industrialization Golden Age of Islam Chinese inventions ( water
powered tooles, grand canal, seismograph, printing press, magnetic
compass) Guttenburgs printing press Gunpowder Lateen sail, caravel,
cartography Industrial technology Trains, cars, airplanes, rockets,
satelites Theory of relativity Physics and chemistry Plastics
Tanks, gas, bombs, nuclear proliferation Digital technology
Slide 14
Historical ContextExamples As mankind moved across continents
and this oblate spheroid, competition over scarce resource led to
tremendous conflicts. Murder and was existed even amongst
plaeolithic peoples. It is no wonder, therefore, that as the human
species settled and increased its population, the fomenting of
conflicts would only grow exponentially. Conflict over resources,
territories, religions, ideologies and differences were just some
of the first conflicts which faces the early civilizations after
the neolithic revolution. Although conflict has come at great costs
including wars, genocide, inequalities and exploitation of land,
labor and capital. The conflicts can turn from tactical to
practical and create greater technologies, end tyranny and even
promote peaceful negotiation and treaties between groups and have
positive consequence. Peace is not absence of conflict, it is the
ability to handle conflict by peaceful means. Ronald Reagan Man
must evolve for all human conflict a method which rejects revenge,
aggression and retaliation. The foundation of such a method is
love. Martin Luther King, Jr. Persian Wars Pelloponesian wars Punic
Wars Battle ofKalingsa ( Asoka) Jihad Crusades Mongol Expanse Aztec
human sacrifice Struggle for order ( Plebeians vs Patricians)
Yellow Turban rebellion Fall of classical civilizations Fall of all
empires Columbian exchange Trans-Atlantic Slave trade Battle of
Chaldrian Conquest of the Americas 100 years war 30 years war 7
yeas war Peace of West phalia Treaty of Tordesillas Gampeii Wars
Feudalism Franco-Prussian War Napoleonic Wars Congress of Vienna
Berlin Conference WWI/Treaty of Versaille WWII atomic bombs Proxxy
wars ( Cold War) War on terrorism 9-11 ISIS
Slide 15
Historical ContextExamples In 1571, the Ming Dynastys demand
for silver promulgated the Spanish empire to mine into their
colonial territories in the Americas to extract silver to be traded
across the Pacific into Manilla Galleon in the Phillipines and
finally into Chinese ports in Canton and Macoa. This began the
first truly global exchange of goods across Oceas and overland
trade routes. While interregional exchanges had been in existence
for nearly a millenia, the Columbian exchange facilitated the first
global exchange which would persist to this present day. Old
imperialism gace way to the new imperialism of the industrial age
and expanded to include the interior of continents utilizing new
technology and mchinery to exploit the land, labor and capital of
these new global markets. After the 20 th century world wars and
decolonization, a world of free trade with porous borders and
markets paved the way for the concept of globalization or global
interdependence. While global connections have brough great
technology and improvements in health, stability ( of food and
politics) and social mobility, it has also created environental
degradation, exploitation of workers and developed an unfair
competition between the rich global north and poor global south.
Silverization Columbian Exchange Sugar, Slavery, Spice commodity
exchange Coffee Triangle trade Mercantilism Global labor exchange
Role of banking and joint stock companies Tulipmania Wars over
resources ( all of them) Colonies fighting for colonists Colonism
Economic imperialism Atlantic Revolutions Technologies in
communication ( telegraph, telephone, television, sattelites,
internet) Transportation ( Caravels, junk ships, steam ships,
railroads, automobiles, airplanes, jets, rockets)