AlSubhi_QoS Design for 3G Networks

8/13/2019 AlSubhi_QoS Design for 3G Networks

1/22

King Fahad University of Petroleum & MineralsComputer Engineering Department

COE-5 ! Mo"ile and #ireless $et%or sDr' (shraf )harif *asan Mahmoud

Final Report

+o) Design for !, $et%or s

Name: Abdullah Hamad Al-Subhi

ID # 913659

Date: a! " $ " 3

1


2/22

a"le of Content

.' /ntrodu0tion %%%%%%%%%%&%%%%%%%%%%& "1' +o) in !, $et%or s %%%%%%%%%%%&%%&&&%%&& 5

"&1 ' (S %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%& 5"&" )D A" %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%& *

!' !, +o) e0hni2ues %%%%%%%%%%%%&%%%%& 13&1 (ra++i, hapin. and poli,in. %%%%%%%%%&&&&&& 13&" (ra++i, S,hedulin. Al.orithm %%%%%%%%%%& 1/3&3 DIFFS0R ba ed 2oS Ar,hite,ture %%%%%&&& 16

' +o) /ssues in the Converged !, and #ired $et%or s 1*

5' Con0lusion %%%%%%%%%%%&%%%%%%%%%& "1

3eferen0es

2


3/22

/ntrodu0tion

(he .oal o+ third .eneration 34 mobile ,ommuni,ation ! tem i thedeli er! o+ multimedia er i,e to the u er in the mobile domain& (hi re7uirethe pro i ion o+ u er data rate that are ub tantiall! hi.her than tho epro ided b! toda!8 e,ond .eneration "4 net or & In "4$ onl! data rateo+ 9&6 bit; are ,urrentl! upported& In 34 u er ill be pro ided ith datarate o+ up to 1// bit; in ma,ro,ellular en ironment $ up to 3*/ bit; inmi,ro,ellular en ironment and up to " bit; in indoor or pi,o,ellularen ironment & (he e re7uirement addre the limitation o+ "4$ hi,h$de pite it enormou orld- ide u,,e a de i.ned primaril! +or mobiledi.ital telephon! ith onl! a limited data ,apabilit!&

34 Net or enable pro ide hi.h- peed irele Internet a,,e to mobileu er & (he ame net or ,an be u ed to ma e oi,e ,all u in. ,on entionalmobile phone & oreo er 34 net or are een a the enabler o+ multimedia

er i,e li e ideo,on+eren,in.$ treamin. audio and ideo et,& (he eNet or mu t pro ide er i,e to man! di++erent t!pe o+ appli,ation

ithout lettin. data +rom one appli,ation a++e,t the er i,e pro ided toother t!pe o+ appli,ation & In other ord $ 34 Net or mu t pro ideSupport +or 2ualit! o+ Ser i,e&

In 34 irele Internet$ ,ontrollin. 2oS i not about thro in. band idth at thepen i e part o+ the net or & It i about ma in. thebe t u e o+ a ailable net or re our,e to deli er 2oS a re7uired and

ub ,ribed b! the er i,e and u er & Appl!in. poli,ie to 2oS ,ontrol illhelp to di++erentiate u er and er i,e $ a ell a to prote,t hi.her-tier u erand net or re our,e &

(he abilit! to ,ontrol 2oS o++er operator a! to di++erentiate them el e+rom other ,ompetitor b! bein. able to laun,h ne re enue-.eneratin.

er i,e +a ter and to bundle er i,e pa, a.e +or di++erent u er e.ment & Ab en,e o+ thi abilit! remain pre alent ith mo t +i>ed and irele IS?toda!$ ma in. them re ort to @+ir t ,ome +ir t er ed or @all !ou ,an u e 8

er i,e model &

#hat is +uality of )ervi0e4

2ualit! o+ Ser i,e ,arrie di++erent ,onnotation +or di++erent people& It i theend u er ho pa! +or the er i,e$ and ho e per pe,ti e matter mo t&From an end u er8 per pe,ti e$ 2oS de+ine the ,hara,teri ti, o+ er i,edeli er! that impa,t mo t ,riti,all! hi ;her per,eption o+ the er i,e& (he three

main ,hara,teri ti, o+ a net or deli erin. 2oS to an end u er are a+ollo :

3


4/22

(vaila"ility of the servi0e : the er i,e i immediatel! a ailable or rea onabl!dela!ed dependin. on u er8 ub ,ription tatu & (he er i,e a ailabilit! i+a ter +or a hi.her-tier ub ,riber than that +or a lo er-tier ub ,riber&

+uality of information : the in+ormation i re,ei ed un,orrupted and u able

ithout error $ a re7uired b! the t!pe o+ the er i,e&

Consistent delivery : (he in+ormation i deli ered throu.hout the e ion at aper,ei abl! ,on i tent peed and 7ualit!$ .uaranteein. that the per,eption o+the u er remain the ame throu.hout&

At a te,hni,al le el$ 2oS i ,hara,teriBed b! a et o+ mea urable parameteru,h a :

C Ser i,e a ailabilit!C Dela!C Dela! ariation itterC (hrou.hputC ?a, et lo rate

Ser i,e a ailabilit! ,an be +urther bro en do n into per,enta.e o+ blo, edand dropped ,all $ a ell a the duration o+ er i,e outa.e & 2oS enable anet or to deli er ,la e o+ er i,e )oS $ i&e& di++erent prioritiBed treatmentto di++erent er i,e or to di++erent .roup o+ u er & 2oS allo,ate net or,apa,it! b! t!pe o+ tra++i, re7uired b! ,ertain t!pe o+ er i,e$ hile )oSpro ide pre+erred allo,ation o+ the net or ithout .uaranteein. an!mea urable amount& )oS i implied in a 2oS poli,! a o,iated ith a

ub ,riber& It i u ed b! the net or to pro ide di++erential 2oS treatment todi++erent er i,e ub ,ribed b! di++erent u er $ that i $ er i,e and u erdi++erentiation&

4


5/22


6/22

1'.'! UM ) +o) Classes'

' (S net or hould ta e ,are o+ di++erent ob ta,le in pro idin..ood er i,e in the air and ,on ider all limitation on that a pe,t& Some realtime appli,ation ,an8t a++ord mu,h dela! o+ pa, et data bein. tran mitted toha e .ood 7ualit! er i,e pro ided b! u,h an operator& ' (S 2oS de+ine

ome ,la e hi,h ta e ,are o+ limitation o+ the air inter+a,e& ' (S de+ine+our di++erent ,la e :

1& )on er ational ,la &"& Streamin. ,la &3& Intera,ti e ,la &/& Ea, .round&

(he ,on er ational and treamin. ,la e are u ed to ,arr! real-timedata or er i,e & Dela! i hat di tin.ui he bet een them in ho are the!en iti e to it& )on er ational ,la i treated to be the mo t ,riti,al er i,e

amonth them be,au e it ,arr! the oi,e and ido telephon! S1:11*9 &

(he intera,ti e and ba, .round ,la e are mainl! u ed +or traditionaler i,e li e email and F(?& (he e ind o+ er i,e do not need to be

deli ered on time& (he! are le en iti e to dela! here it a,,eptrea onabl! lon. dela! li e telnet and ome er! lon. dela! li e email

S1:11*9 &

(ra++i, ,la )on er ational,la

Real (ime

Streamin.,la

Real (ime

Intera,ti e,la

Ee t 0++ort

Ea, .round,la

Ee t 0++ort

Fundamental,hara,teri ti,

- ?re er e timerelation ariationbet eenin+ormationentitie o+ the

tream- )on er ationalpattern trin.entand lo dela!

- ?re er etime relation

ariationbet eenin+ormationentitie o+ the

tream

- Re7ue tre pon epattern

-?re er epa!load,ontent

-De tination inot e>pe,tin.the data ithin a,ertain time-?re er epa!load ,ontent

0>ample o+ theappli,ation

oi,e treamin.ideo

eb bro in. telemetr!$email

a"le . ' (S 2oS )la e

1'.'! +o) Management

6


7/22

(he ,ontrol plane 2oS mana.ement +un,tion in,lude: S1:11*9 &

)ervi0e manager ,oordinate the +un,tion o+ the ,ontrol plane+or e tabli hin. modi+!in. and maintainin. the er i,e&

ranslation fun0tion per+orm ,on er ion bet een ' (Sbearer er i,e attribute and 2oS parameter o+ e>ternalnet or er i,e ,ontrol proto,ol&

(dmission 0apa"ility ,ontrol maintain in+ormation about alla ailable re our,e o+ the net or entit! and about all re our,eallo,ated to ' (A bearer er i,e &

)u"s0ription Control ,he, the admini trati e ri.ht o+ the' (S bearer er i,e u er to u e re7ue ted er i,e ith

pe,i+ied 2oS attribute &

' er ?lane 2oS mana.ement +un,tion maintain the i.nalin. andu er data tra++i, ithin ,ertain limit de+ined b! the 2oS attribute & It in,lude :

S1:11*9 & Mapping fun0tion pro ide ea,h data unit ith the pe,i+i,

mar in. re7uired to re,ei e the intended 2oS at the tran +er b!a bearer er i,e&

Classifi0ation fun0tion a i.n data unite to the e tabli heder i,e at the ( a,,ordin. to the related 2oS attribute i+ the( ha multiple ' (S bearer er i,e e tabli hed&

3esour0e manager di tribute the a ailable re our,e amon. aller i,e harin. the ame re our,e ba ed on the re7uired 2oS&

raffi0 0onditioner pro ide per+orman,e bet een thene.otiated 2oS +or er i,e and data unit tra++i,& It handle thatb! u in. poli,in. and tra++i, hapin. te,hni7ue & (he poli,in.+un,tion ,ompare the data unit tra++i, ith the related 2oSattribute & (he tra++i, hapin. +orm the data unit tra++i, a,,ordin.to the 2oS the er i,e&

1'1 CDM(16667


8/22

1'1'. +o) implementation

(he ar,hite,ture +or pro i ionin. 2oS hould ta e into a,,ount theneed +or appli,ation and ub ,riber di++erentiation& (he irele net or

hould be able to handle ariou t!pe o+ appli,ation ith ar! 2oSob e,ti e hile optimiBin. the utiliBation o+ ! tem re our,e & Appli,ationare ,la i+ied into t o t!pe $ the real-time and non-real-time appli,ation

S":/5 &

)D A" de+ine t o mode o+ 2oS:

$on-assured Mode +o)7 (he appli,ation ith non-a ured 2oSmode i ,hara,teriBed b! the deli er! o+ pa, et b! mean o+ be t e++ort

,heduler& (here are no tri,t re7uirement on pa, et tran +er dela!and data rate& @?riorit! parameter i pe,i+ied +or 2oS S":/* &

(ssured Mode +o)7 Appli,ation ith a ured 2oS mode ,an a i.nome parameter de+ine the re7uired pa, et tran +er dela! anda,,eptable data rate& (he 2oS pro+ile o+ thi mode i ,hara,teriBed b!the +ollo in. parameter : S":/* &

o Priority'o Data 3ate7 obile tation ,an pe,i+! the data rate *$ 3"$

6/$1// and 3*/ bp &o Data 8ose 3ate7 obile tation ,an pe,i+! the re7ue ted data

lo rate or a,,eptable data lo rate 1$ "$ 5 and 1 &o Ma9imum Delay7 obile tation ,an pe,i+! ho lon. data

o,tet ,an be ept in the tran mit bu++er / $ 1" and 36 &

1'1'1 +o) ar0hite0ture

(he end-to end 2oS ar,hite,ture i de i.ned u,h that the ob e,ti epe,i+!in. b! the 2oS pro+ile o+ an appli,ation i implemented b! utiliBin. the

+ollo in. er i,e :

3adio :earer )ervi0e7 (he tele,ommuni,ation e.ment bet een Sand RAN& It upport multiple appli,ation imultaneou l!& (he 2oS

parameter i de+ined u,h that to deli er u er appli,ationre7uirement & In thi e.ment$ the 2oS relie on the e++i,ientimplementation on ome ,ontrol te,hni7ue S":/9 &

o Po%er Control7 (he +a t +eedba, po er ,ontrol ith a ,hannel+eedba, at the rate * HB en ure a minimum tran mi ion o+po er$ lo le el o+ u er inter+eren,e in the ,ell and er! e++i,ientutiliBation o+ radio re our,e &

o 3adio (dmission Control7 It ,he, i+ 2oS re7uirement o+ thene er i,e in tan,e ,an be met be+ore it i a,,epted&

o 3adio 3esour0e Control ;33C,han.e o+ pa, et bet een the

S and R)F& It maintain no led.e o+ radio re our,e tatuand broad,a t pa, et Bone ID in the ! tem o erhead me a.e&

8


9/22

o )0heduling7 It ,hedule data pa, et in the +or ard lin & Roundrobin ,hedulin. i the idel! u ed al.orithm&

3-P "earer )ervi0e : (he tele,ommuni,ation e.ment bet een RANand ?DSN )ore Net or & (he ?DSN +ir t ,ondu,t authenti,ationand authoriBation +or S ith the Home AAA& (he ?DSN retrie e the2oS pro+ile +rom HAAA throu.h lo,al AAA& (he ub ,riber8 2oSpro+ile i mainl! ,hara,teriBed b! the +ollo in. in+ormation: S":/9 &

o (he di++erentiated er i,e mar in.o (he Air-Jin 2oS attribute &

Call (dmission Control7 It i to admit and den! R-? ,onne,tion& It iba ed on the +ollo in. ,riteria:

o A ailabilit! o+ u++i,ient RN re our,e +or ne ,onne,tion&o 2oS re7ue ted b! the u er i ithin the limit et b! the u er8

2oS pro+ile&+o) ransport in 3-P interfa0e7 (he 2oS re7uirement are pe,i+ied

+or ea,h er i,e in tant independentl!& A in.le ??? e ion ie tabli hed bet een S and ?DSN +or ea,h R-? e ion here ea,h???;R-? e ion upport ,ommuni,ation +lo +or multiple I?addre e belon. to the ame S S":/9 &

E9ternal :earer )ervi0e7 (he tele,ommuni,ation e.ment bet een?DSN and the e>ternal pri ate net or & (here i no )D A"

pe,i+i, 2oS implementation +or e>ternal net or here it relie on thetandard I? me,hani m S":5 &

Fi.ure " )D A" 2oS Ar,hite,ture

9


10/22

1' +o) e0hni2ues used in !, $et%or

1'. (ra++i, hapin. and poli,in.

"&1&1 De+inition

(ra++i, ,onditionin. pro ide ,on+orman,e o+ input tra++i, to thepe,i+i,ation a.reed ith the bearer er i,e pro ider& A tra++i, ,onditioner

ma! a,hie e thi b! tra++i, hapin. or;and tra++i, poli,in.& (he tra++i,,onditioner ma! be embodied both in a ' er 07uipment '0 and in the.ate a! node S3:139 &

( o main tra++i, hapin. al.orithm are e>i t $ namel! Jea ! Eu, et Al.orithm de+ined b! A( Forum and (o en Eu, et (E Al.orithm de+inedb! I0(F re pe,ti el!& (E ha been adopted a a re+eren,e al.orithm +or tra++i,,onditioner in ' (S b! 34?? S3:139 &

1'.'1 )ystem Model

A tra++i, ,onditionin.-enabled Radio Net or Sub ! tem RNS $ hi,hi ,ompo ed o+ a RN) and one or more Node E i depi,ted in Fi.& 1 a the

! tem model& (he '0 are di tributed ithin ea,h ,ell ith anomnidire,tional ba e tation at the ,ell ,enter& 0a,h '0 i e>pe,ted to u ean! one o+ the ,on idered tra++i, ,la e & A tra++i, haper i emplo!ed +oruplin tra++i, on ea,h '0& (he pa, et re,ei ed at the Node E are +or ardedto the RN) here the tra++i, poli,in. +un,tion i per+ormed S3:139 &

Fi.ure 3& S! tem odel: (ra++i, Shapin. and ?oli,in. in ' (S

10


11/22

o en :u0 et (lgorithm7

(he to en bu, et al.orithm re.ulate the bur t! tra++i, in u,h a a!that o er a lon. time period the a era.e allo ed rate approa,he the de iredto en rate r a !mptoti,all! and o er a hort time inter al the bur t iBe o+ thetra++i, i upper bounded b! bu, et iBe b & (he (E al.orithm implementation iillu trated in Fi.& /$ here (o en Eu, et )ounter (E) i an internal ariableu ed to re,ord the number o+ the remainin. to en at an! time& Kith thiimplementation$ three ,orre pondin. mea ure ma! be ta en hen a nepa, et arri e S3:1/ &

Fi.ure /& (o en Eu, et Al.orithm

Case .7 ,on+ormed at arri al& (he iBe o+ the in,omin. pa, et i maller thanthe (E) alue in the bu, et hen the pa, et arri e & (he pa, et i ,ompliantat arri al and i mar ed a a ,ompliant pa, et S3:1/ &

Case 17 non-,on+ormed& A pa, et i deemed a non,ompliant i+ it len.th ilar.er than the bu, et iBe& (hi t!pe o+ pa, et i ta..ed a not-,ompliant and

ill not be dropped at the '0$ but le+t +or pre+erential di ,ardin. at the tra++i,

poli,in. point in ,a e o+ ,hannel ,on.e tion S3:1/ &Case !7 haped to be ,on+ormed& (he iBe o+ pa, et i not lar.er than thebu, et iBe$ but lar.er than the (E) alue at arri in. in tant& In thi ,a e$ thepa, et ill be en+or,ed to ait b! the tra++i, haper until there are enou.hto en in the bu, et& (hi t!pe o+ pa, et i haped to be ,on+ormed andmar ed a ,ompliant a+ter hapin. S3:1/ &

1'.'! raffi0 0onditioning s0heme in UM )

(ra++i, ,onditioner pro ide ,on+orman,e bet een the ne.otiated2oS and the data unit tra++i, S3:1/ &

11


12/22

raffi0 )haping at the UE

(he tra++i, hapin. ,enario at the '0 i ho n in Fi.& 5& (he (Ehaper eri+ie the ,on+orman,e o+ a pa, et a,,ordin. to ,orre pondin. to en

bu, et parameter $ hapin. the tra++i, hen ne,e ar!& A a re ult$ the

re.ulated tra++i, a+ter hapin. ill be ,ate.oriBed into t o t!pe $ either,ompliant or non,ompliant& (he! are le+t +or +urther poli,in. at the RN)

S3:1/ &

(he ,enario ill introdu,e tra++i, hapin. dela! hi,h ,on ume parto+ the total end-to-end dela! bud.et o+ a er i,e$ but the re.ulated +lo ie>pe,ted to ha e a lo er pa, et lo ratio in tead&

Fi.ure 5& (ra++i, Shapin. at the '0

raffi0 Poli0ing at the 3$C

(he tra++i, poli,in. +un,tion ,ompare the ,on+orman,e o+ the u er datatra++i, ith the 2oS attribute & Kithin the ,apa,it! o+ the Eearer Ser i,e ESmana.er$ poli,! ,ontrol i a lo.i,al poli,! de,i ion element hi,h i optionalto the '0 and re7uired to the .ate a! & (ra++i, poli,in. poli,! in pra,ti,e i anet or operator ,hoi,e& A depi,ted in Fi.& 6$ the poli,in. +un,tion ,on i to+ tra++i, ,la i+i,ation and poli,in. +un,tionalit! and i embodied at theRN) S3:1/ &

(he ,la i+i,ation +un,tion ,he, the header o+ e er! re,ei ed pa, et and+or ard the ,orre pondin. in+ormation +or +urther poli,in.$ a,,ordin. to ittra++i, ,la a ell a ,on+orman,e tatu S3:1/ &

12


13/22

(he poli,in. element at the RN) ill per+orm ,orre pondin. poli,ie onea,h indi idual pa, et& For non-,ompliant data pa, et $ the! ill bea, no led.ed onl! i+ the ,hannel i not ,on.e ted$ i&e&$ the total inter+eren,ele el b! ummin. o+ all ,onne,tion doe not e>,eed the thre hold& Lther i ethe! ill impl! be di ,arded& For non-,ompliant data pa, et $ the load

,al,ulation ill ta e into a,,ount both ,ompliant and non-,ompliant pa, et at+ir t$ i+ the load e>,eed the thre hold$ the non-,ompliant pa, et ill bedropped pre+erentiall!& A ,on+ormed pa, et ,ould al o be di ,arded i+ thereare too man! ,on,urrent ,ompliant pa, et on the ,hannel S3:1/1 &

Fi.ure 6& (ra++i, ?oli,in. at the RN)

13


14/22

1'1 (ra++i, S,hedulin. Al.orithm&

1'1'. Definition

In pa, et radio ,ommuni,ation e eral i ue o+ random nature ma ethi ta e pe,iall! di++i,ult to a,hie e: pa, et .eneration +rom man! our,ehat mu t be multiple>ed ithin a limit et o+ hare re our,e plu ariablepropa.ation ,hara,teri ti, & (he poli,! +ollo ed b! the ,hedulin. al.orithm

hould lead to a ! tem beha ior a ,lo e a po ible to the de ired one& (heo+t-2oS re7uirement +or dela! en iti e er i,e ,an be e tabli hed in term

o+ ,ertain de ired dela! and thre hold boundarie S/:1 *" &

1'1'1 )0heduling )trategy

(he Radio Re our,e ana.ement RR trate.! ,an be plit into

there di++erent tep :(' Prioriti=ation

All u er ant to end data mu t be ,la i+ied ba ed on t!pe o+ er i,e1 t priorit! le el & I+ it i the ame er i,e then it i ,la i+ied ba ed on

2oS pro+ile& 2oS i de+ined here b! the mean o+ amount o+ data to beend and the time remainin. to eep the dela! belo the de ire one&

(he maller the deadline the hi.her po ition in the 7ueue ill be& RRba ed on thi 7ueue de,ide on hi,h tra++i, to end +ir t S/:1 *3 &

(hi e>pre ion a i.n hi.her priorit!to tho e u er ith either mu,h data toend or mu,h time alread! aitin. +or

permi ion&

J i ?a, et len.th remainin. to be ent&(L i (ime le+t until pa, et deadline +or the ,on ider er i,e&

:' Capa0ity re2uirement

(hi tep i per+ormed b! u er +rom hei t to lo e t priorit!& Inorder to ati +! the ,urrent u er 2oS re7uirement ome ! tem,apa,it! hould be ,on idered to thi u er a ell a ,ertaintran mi ion rate hould be re er ed +or thi u er& It hould be handled

martl! b! the ,heduler o that the o erall ! tem beha ior ere aoptimum a po ible S/:1 *3 &

For KKK-lin er i,e $ there are man! to be +a,tor to,on ider be+ore a de i.n about o+ ,apa,it! to be a i.ned to the u er,an be ta en& For e>ample$ ma in. ,on i tent the priorit! le el to the

14


15/22

radio lin 7ualit! re7uired +or data tran mi ion$ then a hi.her priorit!indi,ate ur.en,! to tran mit that data& In thi ,a e a lo Frame 0rrorRate F0R hould be .uaranteed to a oid a mu,h a po ibleretran mi ion hi,h lead to more dela!& (he hi.her the hi.her thepriorit! le el the lo er the F0R at the re,ei er ide hould be& F0Rre7uirement hould be limited other i e one u er ,ould demand the

hole ,apa,it! o+ the ! tem S/:1 *3 &

C' (vaila"ility 0he0

Ln,e the ,apa,it! re7uirement +or the ,urrent u er ha beende,ided$ the ,heduler mu t ,he, that a +ea ible olution do e>i t to

ati +! at the ame time both the ,urrent u er re7uirement and tho eother u er ith hi.her priorit! that ha e alread! been a,,epted +ortran mi ion S/:1 */ &

(he ,heduler hould ta e the inter+eren,e model into a,,ountin order to de i e the e>pe,ted 0;N +or all u er & For the uplin $ the

,heduler e aluate the +ollo in. e7ualitie :

For the do nlin $ the ,heduler e aluate the +ollo in. e7ualitie :

? Mth u er&SF Mth u er pread +a,tor&No (hermal noi e pe,tral den it!&

Inter-,ell inter+eren,e&P

Lrtho.onal +a,tor

( , )hip duration0b;No $SF Mth u er re7uirment

? ( -ma> a> tran imted po er ? R total re,i e po er

d di tan,e +rom M th u er to ES

15


16/22

1'! D/FF)E3> "ased +o) (r0hite0ture'

Ha in. a le a po ible Dela!- itter i the main ,on,ern o+treamin. er i,e in #4 net or & ( o approa,he to a,hie e o+ thi

.oal& Fir t$ Streamin. ?ro>! A.ent hould be u ed at the ed.e o+ 34,ore Net or to moothen the in,omin. tra++i,& (hi ill ma e itindependent o+ er i,e model u ed in the Internet& Se,ond$ a ?robin.ba ed approa,h i u ed to ele,t minimum dela!- itter deli er! paththrou.h the Di++Ser ,loud& Me! ,omponent o+ the propo ed

Ar,hite,ture: S5:1*9* &

A& Multi0ast Model S5:19 &I?I -S multi,a t routin. ,heme i propo ed to model

mobilit! in the ar,hite,ture& (he mobile ho t a i.ned atemporar! multi,a t addre ithin the domain& Sin,e at a .i entime there i onl! one re,ei er and one ender +or a .i en

e ion in mobile en ironment& ?I -S need additionalme a.e to di able +or ardin. o+ pa, et in pa i e bran,he &e a.e in the ?I -S proto,ol:

o ?I A,ti e Ooin&o ?I ?a i e Ooin&

It ,an be ea il! implemented b! a o,iatin. an a,ti e;pa i e+la. ith multi,a tin. +or ardin. entr! at intermediate router

E& Mo"ile Pro9y (gent S5:19 &It a,t a a pro>! +or the mobile ho t to ma e ure thatdata i deli ered to the mobile ho t throu.h the be tpo ible path& It per+orm the +ollo in. +un,tion :

o InitialiBe the ,onne,tion +or mobile ho t in it ,ellb! endin. ?I a,ti e oin to R? and prompt themobile pro>! a.ent in the nei.hborin. ,ell to

end ?I ?a i e Ooin me a.e +or ard R?&o Implement a mea urement ba ed ,heme that

that u e the in+ormation ,arried in probin. pa, etheader to determine the dela! ,hara,teri ti, +ordi++erent er i,e ,la &

o Send the periodi, +eedba, to the our,e nodere.ardin. the er i,e ,la .i in. thee be t dela!-

itter per+orman,e&)& )treaming Pro9y server agent S5:19 &

It re ide at an entr!-le el border router o+ the 34Net or & It per+orm the +ollo in. +un,tion :

o (o mooth the in,omin. treamin. tra++i, toremo e dela!- itter a,,umulated a treamin.tra++i, tra er e the re t o+ the internet&

o (o per+orm the additional +un,tionalit! o+ tran -,odin.& It i need +or e>ample i+ a u er +rom hi.hband idth net or to lo band idth net or &

o (o end probin. pa, et mapped to di++erent

er i,e ,la to the obile ?ro>! A.ent& ?robin.pa, et ,arr! the time- tamp$ hi,h help the

obile ?ro>! A.ent to ,al,ulate the dela!- itter +or

16


17/22

di++erent er i,e ,la e and end +eedba, tothe S?S&

D&)eamless +o) using pro"ing-"ased approa0h S5:19 1 &

Khen the mobile mo e to a ne ,ell$ a ne data path i

e tabli hed bet een S?S and the ,lient& (he ne pathma! ha e di++erent dela! ,hara,teri ti, +or a .i er er i,e,la & Khen a treamin. e ion i initialiBed in a ,ell$the obile ?ro>! A.ent o+ the ,urrent ,ell i ue ?I

A,ti e Ooin to the multi,a t tree and the mobile pro>!a.ent in the immediate nei.hbor ,ell i ue ?I ?a i eOoin me a.e to ard the multi,a t tree&

17


18/22

' +o) /ssues in the Converged !, and #ired $et%or s

'./ntrodu0tion

(he ired net or ha e been de eloped lon. time a.o and o man!de i.n e++ort ha been pent to be,ome ith reliable and ,alablede i.n u,h that meet mo t o+ the re7uired er i,e hi,h ,on,ern on2oS& (he irele domain doe n8t ha e that mu,h e++ort pend on andit i er! hot area& (he 2oS pro,edure are li.htl! di++erent +rom irednet or be,au e the air inter+a,e in ,a e o+ irele net or pla! ama or role o+ i.nal de.radation ,au ed b! di++erent a pe,t li e dela!and itter here the e ,an o+ a pe,t are not there in the ,a e o+ irednet or S6:// &

'1 he 3C8 (r0hite0ture(he re our,e ,ontrol la!er R)J $ Fi.ure G$ hi,h i ba ed on the

band idth bro er EE ,on,ept& R)J i de i.ned a a hierar,hi,al anddi tributed EE to o er,ome potential ,alabilit! problem & (he three e!,omponent o+ R)J are the re our,e ,ontrol a.ent R)A $ the admi ion,ontrol a.ent A)A $ and the end-u er appli,ation tool it 0A( S6:/6 &

(he R)A repre ent the ultimate prin,iple in an admini trati e domain,on,ernin. the mana.ement o+ net or re our,e oreo er$ it ha theo erall ie o+ the poli,ie en+or,ed in a domain$ and de,ide on therouter ,on+i.uration and mana.ement o+ the bilateral er i,e le ela.reement SJA bet een ad a,ent admini trati e domain S6:/6 &

(he A)A mainl! per+orm u er authenti,ation and authoriBation$re er ation handlin.$ and admi ion ,ontrol& ?oli,in. and admi ion,ontrol are made onl! at the ed.e o+ the net or = there+ore$ the,orre pondin. in.re and e.re point in.re -e.re A)A o+ the+lo are identi+ied$ and the re our,e are ,he, ed to en ure that thene +lo ,an be a,,ommodated S6:/6 &

Re er ation re7ue t are +or arded to the A)A +rom the 0A($ hi,hmediate bet een end u er or appli,ation and the net or & (he 0A(intera,t ith the A)A to be a are o+ the a ailable net or

er i,e S6:/6 &

18


19/22

Figure ?' (he R)J ar,hite,ture and main ,omponent &

'!$et%or )ervi0es and raffi0 0lasses

In the R)J ar,hite,ture +i e tra++i, ,la e ha e been de+ined: premium,on tant bit rate ?)ER $ premium ariable bit rate ? ER $ premiummultimedia ? $ premium mi ion ,riti,al ? ) and be t e++ort E0 &

Appli,ation ith imilar re7uirement on the net or in order to per+orme++e,ti el! ,an be .rouped into thi relati el! mall number o+ ,la e & (he

,hedulin. me,hani m a,tuall! implemented i a ,ombination o+ ?riorit!2ueuin. ?2 and Kei.hted-Fair 2ueuin. KF2 $ ,alled ?2KF2& A7ueue i dedi,ated to ?)ER$ hi,h ha tri,t priorit! o er the other $ hilethe other tra++i, ,la e are ,heduled ith KF2& A KF2 ei.ht ia i.ned to ea,h tra++i, ,la $ and ea,h 7ueue i mana.ed b! di++erent7ueuin. trate.!: Drop-(ail$ Random 0arl! Dete,tion R0D $ or Kei.htedR0D KR0D & A pe,i+i, tra++i, pro+ile i determined +or ea,h tra++i, ,lathat be t ,hara,teriBe the data our,e S6:/6 &

' Mapping +o) raffi0 Classes

(able 1 ,ontain the propo ed mappin.& It u ti+i,ation i ,on+irmed b!e>aminin. the ,hara,teri ti, and tra++i, attribute +or the e ,la e &(he ,on er ational and treamin. ,la e are a o,iated one-to-one to?)ER and ? ER$ re pe,ti el!& (he main di ,repan,! temmin. +rom thetable deal ith the ma>imum bit rate and pa, et iBe$ due to the tri,tlimit de+ined in R)J S6:/G &

19


20/22

a"le 1' appin. o+ ' (S 2oS ,la e to R)J net or er i,e &(able 3 propo e a po ible tran +ormation$ althou.h +or ome

attribute u,h tran +ormation ma! not be ne,e ar! or po ible& Attributeli e tran +er dela! and pa, et lo are redundant$ be,au e the! are u ed onl!+or the ele,tion o+ the appropriate tra++i, ,la & oreo er$ there are attributeo+ the ' (S ES that deal onl! ith ' (S a pe,t $ u,h a the our,e

tati ti, de ,riptor$ hi,h i u ed +or ,al,ulatin. a tati ti,al multiple> .ain +oru e in admi ion ,ontrol& Su,h attribute are not u ed in the tran +ormationpro,e S6:/* &

a"le !' (ran +ormation o+ 2oS er i,e attribute &

'5Control and User Plane /nternet%or ing

in order to e tabli h and maintain the end-to-end er i,e$ the 2oSmana.ement +un,tion o+ both net or at the ,ontrol plane mu t be ableto interoperate& (!pi,all!$ there are t o .eneral a! to a,,ompli h that$dire,tl! or indire,tl! S6:/9 &

he dire0t %ay implie that their me,hani m are a are o+ thedetail o+ ea,h other$ and the i.nalin. proto,ol ,an be aproprietar! one& (hi ,enario en ure that the mappin. amon. thetra++i, ,la e ,an be tuned to the be t po ible a! S6:/9 &

he indire0t %ay neither ma e u e o+ a proprietar! i.nalin.proto,ol nor re7uire the 2oS mana.ement me,hani m to bea are o+ ea,h other& (hi ,enario i mo t appropriate in the ,a e

20


21/22

o+ independent er i,e pro ider that do not ha e pe,i+i, inter-domain partner S6:/9 &

5' Con0lusion

' (S ,la i+ied tra++i, a,,ordin. to their en iti it! +rom dela! and itter-

dela! in ,a e o+ real time er i,e & Four u,h ,la e are de+ined todi tin.ui h bet een di++erent t!pe o+ tra++i, in order to treat thema,,ordin. to their importan,e& 2oS mana.ement al o propo ed tomana.e hared re our,e amon. all u er a,,ordin. to ea,h u er 2oSpro+ile pre+eren,e & 2oS de+ine ,ertain attribute to ea,h ,la &

( o 2oS mode are de+ined in )D A" to handle ,la i+i,ation o+tra++i, in the net or +or 2oS purpo e & A non-a ured mode$ hi,h,hara,teriBed b! pa, et deli er! b! mean o+ be t e++ort ,heduler& (he

e,ond mode i a ured mode$ hi,h pe,i+! a,,eptable tran +er pa, etdela! and data rate& 0a,h part o+ the )D A" net or ,omponent hait role in 2oS to en ure 2oS ta e++e,ti el!& It i handled in Radio

A,,e Net or $ the )ore Net or and 0>ternal Net or a ell&

Some i ue tr! to tar.et ome enhan,ement te,hni7ue to handle 2oS in34 arle net or & Some e>i ten,e te,hni7ue are modi+ied to meet the,omple>it! o+ on the air er i,e hi,h doe n8t to be there +or ire net or

er i,e & Lne o+ u,h te,hni7ue i tra++i, hapin. and poli,in. hi,haddre tra++i, ,onditionin. b! appl!in. di++erent propo ed al.orithm & In34 net or ' (S the tra++i, hapin. done at the ' er 07uipment andthe tra++i, poli,in. done at the Radio Net or )ontrol&

Another te,hni7ue addre 2oS in 34 Net or i ,hedulin. al.orithm+or o+t-2oS& It i plit into three main tep to .uarantee o+t-2oS& ItprioritiBe the er i,e tra++i, & (hen it trie to ,arr! out u er b! u er +romhi.he t to lo e t priorit! a,,ordin. to the ,apa,it! re7uirement & Ja tl!$ it,he, +or re our,e a ailabilit! +or the u er bein. pro,e ed&

Another te,hni7ue al o trie to di++erentiate bet een er i,e and treat,riti,al appli,ation li e treamin. appli,ation a,,ordin.l!& (he mainpurpo e here to minimiBe itter-dela! deli er! path to .et better treamin.

er i,e in the net or & (he idea o+ treamin. pro>! er er i propo ed to

handle itter-dela! and pro ide mooth in,omin. treamin. tra++i,&

21


22/22

3eferen0es

1& Inte.rated 2oS upport in 34 ' (S net or $ 4ar.$ &M&= Pu$L&(&K&=Kirele )ommuni,ation and Net or in. )on+eren,e$" & K)N)& " I000 $ olume: 3 $ " ?a.e : 11*G -119"

ol&3

"& 2oS implementation in )D A" $Rao Pallapra.ada= ?er onalKirele )ommuni,ation $ " " I000 International )on+eren,e on $" " ?a.e : /5 -5

3& 2oS pro i ionin. u in. tra++i, hapin. and poli,in. in 3rd-

.eneration irele net or $Fran Pon. Ji= Stol$ N&= Kirele)ommuni,ation and Net or in. )on+eren,e$ " "& K)N)" "&" " I000 $ olume: 1 $ 1G-"1 ar " " ?a.e : 139 -1/3 ol&1

/& A ,hedulin. al.orithm +or o+t-2oS .uarantee in 34 ! temSallent$ L&= ?ereB-Romero$ O&= A.u ti$ R&= )a ade all$ F&= ehi,ular(e,hnolo.! )on+eren,e$ " 1& () " 1 Sprin.& I000 (S 53rd $

olume: " $ " 1 ?a.e : 1 *" -1 *6 ol&"

5& Di++ er ba ed 2oS ar,hite,ture to upport treamin. appli,ationin 34 mobile net or enna$ S&= Earne $ R&= ?er onal$ Indoor and

obile Radio )ommuni,ation $ " "& (he 13th I000 InternationalS!mpo ium on $ olume: / $ " " ?a.e : 1*9* -19 3

6& 2oS i ue in the ,on er.ed 34 irele and ired net oraniati $ S&I&= Ni olouBou$ 0&4&= enieri $ I&S&= I000

)ommuni,ation a.aBine $ olume: / I ue: * $ Au. " "?a.e : // -53

Documents

AlSubhi_QoS Design for 3G Networks