Alternative Views of Knowledge

8/8/2019 Alternative Views of Knowledge

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Perspectiveson

Knowledge

Subjective View

Knowledge as

state of Mind

Knowledge as

Practice

Objective view

Knowledge as

Object

Knowledge asaccess to

Information

Knowledge as

capability



Subjective KnowledgeDefinition of Objective and Subjective

Objective is a statement that is completely unbiased. It is

not touched by the speakers previous experiences or tastes.It is verifiable by looking up facts or performingmathematical calculations.

Subjective is a statement that has been colored by the

character of the speaker or writer. It often has a basis inreality, but reflects the perspective through with thespeaker views reality. It cannot be verified using concretefacts and figures.



When to Be Objective and Subjective

Objective it is important to be objective when you are making any kind

of a rational decision. It might involve purchasing something or deciding

which job offer to take. You should also be objective when you are reading,

especially news sources. Being objective when you are meeting and having

discussions with new people helps you to keep your concentration focused

on your goal, rather than on any emotions your meeting might trigger.

Subjective can be used when nothing tangible is at stake. When you are

watching a movie or reading a book for pleasure, being subjective and

getting caught up in the world of the characters makes your experience

more enjoyable. If you are discussing any type of art, you have to keep in

mind that everyones opinions on a particular piece are subjective.



Knowledge as State of Mindy The perspective considers knowledge as a state of an

individuals mind.

y Organizational Knowledge is viewed as the beliefs of the individuals with in the organization.

y The focus is on enabling individuals to enhance theirpersonal areas of knowledge so that they can apply them to pursue to organization goals.



Knowledge as Practicey A ccording to this perspective, Knowledge is also

consider subjective but it is viewed to be held by agroup and not decomposable into elements possessed

by individuals.y Thus in this perspective Knowledge is neither

possessed by any one agent nor contained in therepository[Schultze 1999]

y

Knowledge resides not in any ones head but inpractice.

y Knowledge is composed of beliefs.

y Beliefs are collective instead of individual.



Knowledge as Objects

y From this perspective knowledge is something that

can be stored, transferred, and manipulated.

y

Consistent with the definition of knowledge as aset of justified beliefs these knowledgeable objectscan exist in variety of locations



Knowledge as Access to Informationy From this perspective knowledge is the condition of a

access to information.

y Thus knowledge is viewed as enabling access andutilization of information.

y This perspective extends the preceding view of knowledge as objects, emphasizing the accessibility of these objects.



Knowledge as Capabilityy This perspective is consistent with the last two

perspectives of knowledge but differs in that the focusis on the way in which knowledge can be applied toinfluence action.

y This perspective places emphasis on knowledge as astrategic capability that can potentially be applied to

seek a competitive advantage.

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Alternative Views of Knowledge