America in Turmoil: Social Movements of the 1960sMs. Amundsen AP United States History 4.8.14

“And the little screaming fact that sounds through all history: repression works only to strengthen and knit the repressed.” –John Steinbeck Grapes of Wrath

Repression of the 1950s

• America dominates the global economy after WWII

• Movement to the “burbs”• Communist Scare• Strict social standards• “bubble gum” era• Segregation of American

society• Commodification and media

influence

Break on Through: The Creation of the Counterculture

The Haight Ashbury Beatnik Writers and other Influences

Jazz musicians based in Harlem Allen Ginsberg and Jack Kerouac

Emergence of Psychedelic Retail Shops Albert Hoffman and LSD Owlsey Stanley and his distribution empire

On the other side of the pond: Timothy Leary “Turn on, tune in, drop out” Psychedelic Literature and uses

The Civil Rights MovementMontgomery Bus BoycottFreedom RidesFreedom SummerRise of MLK JrHelp from the Free Speech Movement

The movements beginBerkeley Free Speech movement

1964-1965 school year SLATE Mario Savio, Michael Rossman, Bettina Aptheker,

Steve Weissman, Art Goldberg, Jackie Goldberg Goal: wanted school admin to lift ban on on-

campus political activities, protect student speech Achievement: admin allowed for student

organizations to organize and promote their message during certain parts of the day

Anti-Vietnam War MovementYippee MovementLevitation of the PentagonFlower Power“Summer of Love” 1968Music festivals: Monterrey, Altamont,

WoodstockMarch on Washington

Women’s MovementBetty Friedan’s Feminist Mystique Burning Bra ProtestsAnti-Pageant protestsCreation of NOWERA MovementFirst Look: Billie Jean King influence on ERA

movement

Gay Rights MovementGrowth in numbers in the Castro

San Francisco Harvey Milk

Prop 6Employment RightsToday’s issues

Marriage

Death of an Era

• Kent State• Vietnam escalations• Hard Drug use