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America’s History Eighth Edi(on
America: A Concise History Sixth Edi(on
CHAPTER 10 Part 3 A Democra9c Revolu9on
1800–1844
Copyright © 2014 by Bedford/St. Martin’s
James A. HenrettaEric Hinderaker
Rebecca EdwardsRobert O. Self
Accomplishments – Enlarged the power of the presidency
• “The President is the direct representative of the American people”
• Only responsible to the people, not Congress
– Converted the veto into an effective presidential power • The veto would help presidents shape
legislation in Congress – Political parties seen as a positive
good
Failures – Growing social stratification
• Gap between rich and poor visibly widened
– Jackson’s financial policies and lack of a national bank helped lead to the Panic of 1837, which was a serious depression that lasted until 1843
– Sectionalism increased
JEFFERSONIAN DEMOCRACY Grew out of the rich soil of Jeffersonian republicanism
JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY
Political world changed during the New Democracy. Two new political parties emerge
WHIGS 1. Strong national govt. 2. Favored the BUS, protective
tariffs, internal improvements, industry, public schools and moral reforms such as prohibition of liquor and abolition of slavery.
3. Best and privileged run the govt.
DEMOCRATS 1. Believed in state’s rights and
federal restrain in economic and social affairs.
2. Liberty of the individual and were fiercely on guard against the inroads of privilege into the government. Pro-slavery
3. Protected the common man….
Photo of Andrew Jackson in 1844
(one year before his death)
1767 - 1845
A. The Whig Worldview 1. Calhoun’s Dissent -1834 founds the Whig Party - From Revolutionary times - MISHMASH of Americans -Anti Jackson and Anti King -Northern and Southern views differ -Anti Common man vs Anti-Black -Elites should rule but anyone could rise 2. Election of 1836 -Van Buren (Dem) vs 4 regional Whigs
III. Class, Culture, and the Second Party System
The 1836 Election Results
Martin Van Buren
“Old Kinderhook” [O. K.]
III. Class, Culture, and the Second Party System
B. Labor Politics and the Depression of 1837–1843 1. Workers form a political party -”Working Men’s Party”= 15 states by 1833 -shared common ideology but join Dems eventually -Anti Mason Party= against Freemasons -Both die out by late 1830’s; Panics, lack of support
III. Class, Culture, and the Second Party System
B. Labor Politics and the Depression of 1837–1843 -False Demand and Speculation= Panic of 1837 -Lack of $ from British (credit and purchasing) ….causes lack of demand……. -Cotton and prices drop; Bond prices drop; states go under and no National Bank to rescue or help …..supply increases, demand decreases….. …..Money supply reduced (Specie Circular) -5 year depression- canal construction down, prices and wages drop, unemployment (Downward Death Spiral ) -Van Buren takes over just as it begins and takes the blame. Divorce Bill makes it worse- drains $ from State Banks.
C. “Tippecanoe and Tyler Too!” 1. The Log Cabin Campaign= Dems blamed for Panic -‐William Henry Harrison (OH) and John Tyler (VA) -‐War Hero at 68 but no experience -‐Tyler-‐ Converted Dem over Nullifica(on
-‐Use of songs, parades, mass mee(ngs, campaign -‐Dems use of “Long Cabin” goes against them -‐Harrison was a COMMON MAN????? Not really… -‐But Percep(on rules over reality…..
III. Class, Culture, and the Second Party System
Elec(on of 1840
• “Log Cabin and Hard Cider” – William Henry Harrison (Whig) – “Tippecanoe and Tyler too” – “Van! Van! Is a Used-‐up Man! – The Whigs’ Triumph
C. “Tippecanoe and Tyler Too!” 2. Tyler Subverts the Whig Agenda -‐Harrison dies 4 weeks a_er inaugura(on in rain -‐Tyler way more Dem than Whig -‐Clay and Webster thought Harrison would be a robot -‐Tyler becomes the Accidental President and does the opposite of a good Whig. Clay thwarted again! -‐Whigs quit cabinet and kick Tyler out of party
-‐Econ Policy, states rights, slavery, immigra(on
III. Class, Culture, and the Second Party System
