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Theory behind US Gov’t.?
Social Contract
When People are the source of Power?
Popular Sovereignty
A Gov’t. based upon rule of law?
Limited Government
What keeps branches from becoming too
powerful?
Separation of Powers
Checks and Balances
Rule by the Many?
Democracy
Two Types of Democracy
DirectIndirect (representatives)
Rule by one or a Few?
Dictatorship
Essays written to encourage ratification
of the Const.
Federalist Papers
What part of the Constitution expresses popular
sovereignty?
Preamble
Protections under 1st Amendment
free speechfreedom of religionfreedom of pressfree to assemble and
petition
Elastic Clause
Necessary and Proper Clause that supports Implied Powers of our
government
Powers given only to Nat. Government
Exclusive Powers(coin money, declare war)
These powers create most conflict between St. and Nat.
Gov’t.
Implied Powers(not expressly written in
the Constitution)
Separation of Church and State
Establishment Clause
Formal Amendment Process
Proposal (by Congress)Ratification (by States)
How are most changes in our Gov’t. made?
Informally--by custom and tradition; political party practices; Supreme Ct. decisions and acts of
Congress and the President
Division of Gov’t. between State and
National Gov’t.?
Federal Government
Separation of Powers
LegislativeExecutiveJudicial
Three Branches of Gov’t.
Legislative (make)Executive (enforce)Judicial (interpret)
This means “two houses”
Bicameralism
Main Function of Congress?
Lawmaking
Which house is based on population?
House of Representatives
How many members are in the House of
Rep?
435
Minimum # or Reps. from each State?
One
What type of bill must start in the House of
Rep.?
Money Bills
Which house has the “power of the
purse”?
House of Representatives
Committee use to settle differences of the two
houses
Conference Committee
Taking care of constituents’ needs
Casework
Talking a Bill to Death
Filibuster
Congressional check on Pres.
override veto (2/3 vote)Senate refuses to ratify
an presidential nominee or a treaty
Pork Barrel Politics
When members of Congress get federal funds for projects in their own districts
Steps to become President
Primary/CaucusNational ConventionsGeneral ElectionElectoral Vote
Presidential Term
4years; can be elected 2xs--total
ten years
Electoral Votes Needed
270
When are electoral votes cast?
December of election year--counted in
January.
Total # of Electors?
538
Minimum from each State?
3
Party Election?
Primary
Purpose of Nat. Convention?
Nominate Pres./VP. Candidates
Choose Party Platform
SIMPLE MAJORITY?
50% + 1
PARTY MEETINGS ARE CALLED?
CAUCUSES
When the winner takes all the popular vote in a
state?
Winner-take-all
Who runs the campaign?
Candidate and his/her staff
What happens if noone wins enough electoral
votes?
House selects Pres.Senate selects VP.
T/F Popular vote winner can lose
election
Electoral Vote winner, wins election--candidates must win in states that have most electoral votes
Requirements in Texas
18 years old, US citizenregistered 30 days prior
to electionresident of state and
county
Number of Texas Electors
34
(2 Senators + 32 Representatives)
An example of a Presidential check on
Congress
VetoPocket Veto
Ultimate Umpire?
Supreme Court
Supreme Ct. check on Congress and President
Judicial Review
Case that ended Segregation
Brown vs Board of Education in Topeka,
Kansas
Term of a federal judge
Life
When illegal evidence is thrown out of court
Exclusionary Rule
Reading of your rights
Miranda Rights
The two Major Political Parties?
Democratic PartyRepublican Party
Roles of Minor Parties?
CriticsInnovatorsSpoilers
Role of Party “out of power”
Watchdog
What role does a Minor Party Play?
Spoiler
One Trend in Voting
Split Ticket Voting
Main Source of Information
Television
An Organization with a focused opinion on a
single topic
Special Interest Group
Special Interest Group that is opposed to gun
control.
NRA
Why do incumbents have an advantage?
more campaign moneybetter known
Political Arms of special interest groups used to raise
campaign money
PACs
A belief that women are more likely to favor Dem.
over Rep.
Gender Gap
This group favors extreme change
Radicals
This group believes gov’t. should be active
in change
Liberals
Motto of Liberals
Freedom over OrderEquality over Economic
Freedom
This groups favors “status quo”
Conservatives
Conservative Motto
Order over Freedom
Eco. Freedom over Equality
Drawing of district lines to favor the party or race in
power
Gerrymandering
To bring charges against
Impeach
Methods used to prevent African Americans from
voting
literacy testspoll taxesgrandfather clauseswhite primaries
Hierarchical arrangement of gov’t. doing specialized tasks
Bureaucracy