American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla · Reinita trepadora (Nicaragua, Costa Rica) Cebrita trepadora (Colombia) Chipe trepador (Honduras, Mexico) Forests and forests edges Forests,

LEGENDYear Round

Summer (breeding)

Winter (non-breeding)

Migration

Map by Cornell Lab of OrnithologyRange data by NatureServe

Insects all year; will also eat fruit during migration

Candelita norteña (Nicaragua, Costa Rica)Chipe flameante (Mexico)

Forests

Forests and mangroves

© 2012 Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center

What do they eat?

Winter Habitat

Breeding Habitat

American Redstart (Setophaga ruticilla)

Names in Spanish:

Did you know?

• Male American Redstarts look like females for their first year of life.

• These birds flash the brightly colored patches on their tails and wings to startle insects out of hiding so that they can catch them.

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Female

Male

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Female

Male

Insects and nectar all year; will also eat berries and other small fruits, especially during migration

Chichiltote norteño (Nicaragua)Bolsero norteño (Costa Rica)Bolsero de Baltimore (Mexico)

Forests, gardens, and parks with tall trees

Forest edges, shade-grown coffee and cacao plantations, gardens


Winter Habitat

Breeding Habitat

Baltimore Oriole (Icterus galbula)

Names in Spanish:

LEGENDYear Round

Summer (breeding)


Migration


What do they eat?

Did you know?• The Baltimore Oriole prefers the darkest and most vividly colored ripe fruit, like dark mulberries and dark red cherries.

• You can attract Baltimore Orioles to your yard by putting out orange halves.

• Females become a darker orange every time they molt, and some older females are just as orange as males.

Reinita trepadora (Nicaragua, Costa Rica)Cebrita trepadora (Colombia)Chipe trepador (Honduras, Mexico)

Forests and forests edges

Forests, gardens, and parks


What do they eat?

Winter Habitat

Breeding Habitat

Black-and-white Warbler (Mniotilta varia)

Names in Spanish:

Insects and spiders

Did you know?• Black-and-white Warblers have an extra long hind claw which they use for climbing up and down the bark of trees.

• They build their nests on the ground, usually in a hidden spot near the base of a tree.

LEGENDYear Round

Summer (breeding)


Migration


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Reinita gorginegra (Nicaragua)Reinita cariamarilla (Costa Rica)Chipe de dorso verde (Mexico)

Forests

Forests


What do they eat?

Winter Habitat

Breeding Habitat

Black-throated Green Warbler (Setophaga virens)

Names in Spanish:

Insects

Did you know?

• Once you learn to recognize their dis nc ve “zoo–zee, zoo-zoo-zee” song, you can easily tell when males of this species are around.

• One male was recorded singing its song 466 mes in one hour!

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LEGENDYear Round

Summer (breeding)


Migra on


Aquatic insects, crusta-ceans and plants

Near wetlands

Cerceta aliazul (Costa Rica, Nicaragua)Cerceta ala azul (Mexico)Barraquete aliazul (Colombia)

Near wetlands


Winter Habitat

Breeding Habitat

Blue-winged Teal (Anas discors)Names in Spanish:

LEGENDYear Round

Summer (breeding)


Migration


What do they eat?

Alan

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Breeding Male

Female/Non-breeding Male

USF

W

Did you know?• Females will pretend to have an injured wing

to lure predators away from their eggs.

• Blue-winged Teals are also called spring teals because they seem to prefer warmer weather; they are one of the last birds to arrive on their breeding grounds, and the firsttoleaveinlatesummer.

Small mammals, reptiles, amphibians, and birds

Forests

Gavilán aludo (Costa Rica, Nicaragua)Aguililla ala ancha (Mexico)Gavilán aliancho (Colombia)

Forests


Winter Habitat

Breeding Habitat

Broad-winged Hawk (Buteo platypterus)

Names in Spanish:

LEGENDYear Round

Summer (breeding)


Migra on


What do they eat?

Alan

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Did you know?• A group of Broad-winged Hawks is called a ke le.

• Broad-winged Hawks conserve their energy during migra on by soaring on rising columns of warm air, called thermals.

Insects

Forest edges and fi elds

Forest edges


What do they eat?

Winter Habitat

Breeding Habitat

Chestnut-sided Warbler (Setophaga pensylvanica)

Names in Spanish:

Did you know?• The plumage of males and females changes between their breeding and non-breeding season.

• The chestnut sides on females do not grow in un l they are at least one year old.

Reinita fl anquicastaña (Nicaragua)Reinita de costillas castañas (Costa Rica)Chipe de fl anco castaño (Mexico)

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Breeding

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Non-breeding

LEGENDYear Round

Summer (breeding)


Migra on


LEGENDYear Round

Summer (breeding)


Migration

Did you know?• They can be difficult to see since they prefer to stay in dense thickets and vine tangles, but you can find them by listening for their loud witchety-witchety-witchety song.

• Some individuals in the southern United States do not migrate, and will stay in the US all year.

Insects and spiders

Enmascarado norteño (Nicaragua)Antifacito norteño (Costa Rica)Mascarita común (Mexico)

Edges of swamps, marshes, wet thickets, and streams

Marshes, brushy pastures and fields


What do they eat?

Winter Habitat

Breeding Habitat

Common Yellowthroat (Geothlypis trichas)

Names in Spanish:

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Male

Female

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ita

LEGENDYear Round

Summer (breeding)


Migration


Insects all year; will also eat berries and other small fruits, especially during migration and the winter

Maullador gris (Colombia, Mexico, Nicaragua)Pájaro-gato gris (Costa Rica)

Suburban parks and yards

Suburban gardens, forests


What do they eat?

Winter Habitat

Breeding Habitat

Gray Catbird (Dumetella carolinensis)

Names in Spanish:

Did you know?• They get their name from their cat-like mewing call.

• They copy the sounds of other birds and string them together to make unique songs that can last up to 10 minutes.

• Gray Catbirds have learned to recognize the eggs of brown-headed cowbirds, and will throw these eggs out of their nests.

LEGENDYear Round

Summer (breeding)


Migration


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LEGENDYear Round

Summer (breeding)


Migra on


Insects

Forest edges and parks or urban areas with large trees

Forest edges


What do they eat?

Winter Habitat

Breeding Habitat

Great Crested Flycatcher (Myiarchus crinitus)

Names in Spanish:

Did you know?• Great Crested Flycatchers build their nests in holes in trees, and will some mes use nest boxes made by humans.

• They o en weave shed snakeskin into their nests, or use similar material such as onion skin, or plas c wrappers.

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Güis migrador (Nicaragua)Copetón viajero (Costa Rica)Mosquero miarco copetudo (Honduras)Papamosca viajero (Mexico)

LEGENDYear Round

Summer (breeding)


Migration


Azulito norteño (Nicaragua)Azulillo norteño (Costa Rica)Colorín azul (Mexico)Escribano indigo (Honduras)

Pastures, fields, and forestedges

Fields, grasslands, and forest clearings


What do they eat?

Winter Habitat

Breeding Habitat

Indigo Bunting (Passerina cyanea)

Names in Spanish:

Mostly insects during breeding season; will also eat berries, seeds, and flower buds at other times

Did you know?• Like most migratory songbirds, Indigo Buntings migrate at night and use the stars to guide their way.

• You can attract these birds to your backyard in late summer by putting out thistle seeds in a bird feeder.

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Breeding MaleGe

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Non-breeding Male

LEGENDYear Round

Summer (breeding)


Migration


Mostly insects, worms, and small crustaceans

Reinita acuática piquigrande (Costa Rica)Reinita acuática cejiblanca (Nicaragua)Chipe arroyero (Mexico)

Streams with mature forests

Fast moving streams within forests


What do they eat?

Winter Habitat

Breeding Habitat

Louisiana Waterthrush (Parkesia motacilla)Names in Spanish:

Robe

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oyse

Did you know?• Louisiana Waterthrushes seem to love sunbathing, and will lean against the ground, spread their wings, and close their eyes to warm up from the sun.

• They constantly bob their tails up and down as they hunt for insects and other food.

What do they eat?

Breeding Habitat

Parula norteña (Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Mexico) Bijirita parula (Cuba)


Insects and spiders all year; also berries, seeds, and nectar in winter

Moist, mature forests with hanging moss or lichen

Forests, fields, pastures, scrub, and coffee, cacao and citrus plantations

Northern Parula (Setophaga americana)

Names in Spanish:

Winter Habitat

Did you know?• Their nests are most often built inside hanging bunches of Spanish moss or lichen.

• They return to the same nesting site year after year.

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LEGENDYear Round

Summer (breeding)


Migration


Insects all year; will also eat nectar and fruit, es-pecially during migration and the winter

Forest edges, parks with scat-tered trees, orchards

Forest edges and shade coffee plantations


What do they eat?

Winter Habitat

Breeding Habitat

Orchard Oriole (Icterus spurius)

Names in Spanish:

Did you know?• Orchard Orioles don’t stay for long on their breeding grounds; some leave as early as mid-July.

• Orchard Orioles may visit a hummingbird feeder in your backyard. You can also put out orange slices or small amounts of fruit jelly to attract them.

Bolsero castaño (Costa Rica)Chorcha roja y negra (Honduras)Chichiltote norteño (Nicaragua)Chichiltote castaño (Nicaragua)

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Female

Male

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LEGENDYear Round

Summer (breeding)


Migration


Reinita andarina (Nicaragua)Reinita hornera (Costa Rica)Chipe suelero (Mexico)

Forests with large trees

Forests


What do they eat?

Winter Habitat

Breeding Habitat

Ovenbird (Seiurus aurocapilla)

Names in Spanish:

Insects

Did you know?• When Ovenbirds sing, it sounds like they are saying “teacher, teacher, teacher!”

• They are difficult to see, but the males sing with a loud voice, which is useful for locating them.

• The Ovenbird gets its name because their nests, which are built on the ground out of leaves, resemble old-fashioned, dome- shaped ovens.

Dick

Dan

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Insects

Manguito dorado (Nicaragua)Reinita cabecidorada (Colombia)Chipe dorado (Mexico)

Forests near water or swamps

Forests near water, mangroves


What do they eat?

Winter Habitat

Breeding Habitat

Prothonotary Warbler (Protonotaria citrea)Names in Spanish:

Did you know?• Unlike most other warblers, Prothonotary Warblers nest in tree cavi es. If you live in an area where these birds are found, you may be able to a ract a pair to your backyard with a nestbox.

• They o en build their nests in cavi es made by downy woodpeckers.

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LEGENDYear Round

Summer (breeding)


Migra on


Insects all year; will also eat fruits and seeds, especially during migration and the winter

Piquigrueso pechirrosado (Costa Rica, Nicaragua)Picogordo degollado (Colombia)Piquigrueso pecho rosado (Honduras)Picogordo pecho rosa (Mexico)

Forests, gardens, and parks

Forests and forest edges


Winter Habitat

Breeding Habitat

Rose-breasted Grosbeak (Pheucticus ludovicianus)

Names in Spanish:

LEGENDYear Round

Summer (breeding)


Migration


What do they eat?

Did you know?• From bird banding records, the oldest known Rose-breasted Grosbeak was close to 13 years old.

• Rose-breasted Grosbeaks often come to bird feeders containing sunflower seeds or peanuts.

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Female

Male

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Insects, spiders and nectar

Colibrí garganta de rubí (Costa Rica, Mexico)Gorrioncito acuello de rubí (Honduras)Estrellita pasajera (Nicaragua)

Forest edges, suburban parks and gardens

Forest edges, shade coffee and citrus plantations, gardens


What do they eat?

Winter Habitat

Breeding Habitat

Ruby-throated Hummingbird (Archilochus colubris)

Names in Spanish:

LEGENDYear Round

Summer (breeding)


Migration


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Female

Male

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Did you know?• Because of their tiny legs, these birds can’t walk or hop, but they can scratch their heads with their feet.

• Their favorite flowers are usually orange or red.

• These hummingbirds fly non-stop for 600 miles over the Gulf of Mexico during migration, a trip which takes them about 18 hours to complete.

Insects, worms, small crustaceans, mollusks, and fish

Edges of lakes, ponds, rivers and streams, and other wetlands

Andarríos maculado (Nicaragua)Playerito alzacolita (Costa Rica)Andarríos manchado (Colombia)Playero alzacolita (Mexico)

Coastlines and along wetlands


Winter Habitat

Breeding Habitat

Spotted Sandpiper (Actitis macularia)

Names in Spanish:

LEGENDYear Round

Summer (breeding)


Migration


What do they eat?

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Breeding

Non-breeding

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Did you know?• Spotted Sandpipers have the nickname “tip-tail” because they often bob their tails up and down.

• Unlike the males of most other bird species, male Spotted Sandpipers provide most of the care for the eggs and young.

LEGENDYear Round

Summer (breeding)


Migration


Tángara veranera (Costa Rica, Nicaragua)Tángara roja (Mexico)Piranga abejera (Colombia)


Forests edges and parks with scattered trees


What do they eat?

Winter Habitat

Breeding Habitat

Summer Tanager (Piranga rubra)

Names in Spanish:

Insects all year; will also eat fruit during migration and winter

Did you know?• Bees and wasps are this bird’s favorite food. It removes the stinger of the bee or wasp before eating it to avoid getting stung.

• The male Summer Tanager is the only all red bird that can be found in the United States.

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Male

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Zorzal grande (Nicaragua)Zorzal del bosque (Colombia)Zorzal maculado (Mexico)

Forests

Forests


What do they eat?

Winter Habitat

Breeding Habitat

Wood Thrush (Hylocichla mustelina)

Names in Spanish:

Insects all year; will also eat fruit during migration and in winter

Did you know?

• The Wood Thrush is the official bird of Washington, D.C.

• The Wood Thrush can produce two sounds at once, making its song sound like two flutes playing in the forest.

Gerh

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LEGENDYear Round

Summer (breeding)


Migra on


Reinita gusanera (Colombia, Costa Rica)Reinita anteada (Nicaragua)Chipe gusanero (Mexico)




What do they eat?

Winter Habitat

Breeding Habitat

Worm-ea ng Warbler (Helmitheros vermivorum)Names in Spanish:

Insects

Did you know?• During the summer, one of their favorite things to eat is caterpillars.

• If a predator gets near the nest, the female may drop to the ground and fl u er her wings to a ract the predator’s a en on away from the nestlings.

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LEGENDYear Round

Summer (breeding)


Migration


Insects

Reinita amarilla (Costa Rica, Nicaragua)Chipe amarillo (Honduras, Mexico)Canario de manglar (Cuba Dominican Republic)

Forests with small trees and shrubs, often near streams or wetlands

Forest edges and mangroves


What do they eat?

Winter Habitat

Breeding Habitat

Yellow Warbler (Setophaga petechia)

Names

Did you know?• Like many migratory birds, Yellow Warblers cross the Gulf of Mexico in a single non-stop flight.

• The oldest known Yellow Warbler was 11 years old.

• Their song sounds like “sweet, sweet, sweet, I am so sweet”.

Bria

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Male

Female

Matt

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Reinita grande (Costa Rica, Nicaragua)Buscabreña (Mexico)Reinita parlanchin (Honduras)

Edges of forests, fields, and streams

Edges of forests, fields, and streams


What do they eat?

Winter Habitat

Breeding Habitat

Yellow-breasted Chat (Icteria virens)

Names in Spanish:

Insects

Did you know?• Despite its name, the Yellow-breasted Chat is actually a type of warbler. It is the largest of all the warblers.

• Chats are secretive birds -- they often hide in dense vines or shrubs.

Jim C

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LEGENDYear Round

Summer (breeding)


Migration


Did you know?• They build their nests high in the canopy of trees.

• Like other songbirds, yellow-throated warblers migrate at night.

• They some mes hang upside down when searching for insects.

Insects and spiders

Reinita gorjiamarilla (Costa Rica, Nicaragua)Chipe garganta amarilla (Mexico)

Forests and swamps

Forests


What do they eat?

Winter Habitat

Breeding Habitat

Yellow-throated Warbler (Setophaga dominica)

Names in Spanish:

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LEGENDYear Round

Summer (breeding)


Migra on


Boreal forest-

forests in the northern portion of North America consist-ing of evergreen trees. These forests experience long win-ters and short, cool, summers

Caribbean-

includes the Caribbean Sea and its islands.Islands include Cuba, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, and the Bahamas, among others

Cavity-

a hole in a tree that some species of birds will use to build their nests in

Central America-

includes the countries connecting North America with South America: Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, El Salvador, Costa Rica, and Panama

Glossary of terms used in bird fact sheets


The boreal zone of North America

The Caribbean Sea and its islands

An example of a cavity in a dead tree

The countries of Central America

Deciduous- term for plants that lose their leaves for part of the year, including oak and maple trees

Evergreen-

term for plants that have green leaves all year

A deciduous maple leaf at top, and an evergreen pine branch on bottom

Crustacean- a small animal with a hard shell and hinged legs, such as crabs, crayfish, and shrimp

Some examples of crustaceans, including a crayfish, shrimp, and a pill bug (or roly-poly)

Forage- (verb)

to search for food

Forest edge-

areas where forests and open areas meet

A forest edge bordered by a trail and grasses


Cloud forest-

a type of moist, tropical forest found in the mountains that is often covered in low clouds or fog

A tropical cloud forest in Costa Rica

Habitat-

the environment which provides a plant or animal with everything it needs to survive, including food, water, shelter, and space

Invertebrate-

an animal without a backbone, such as insects, spiders, worms, crustaceans, and mollusks

Gulf of Mexico-

a large body of water bordered by the United States, Mexico, and Cuba

Mantis-

Mantises are large insects that are often called Praying Mantises because of the way they position their strong, spiked legs, which they use to catch smaller insects.

Larvae-

the immature form of an insect, such as a caterpillar

The Gulf of Mexico

A typical mantis, shown actual size

Mangrove-

a type of forest with medium-sized trees and shrubs that grows along salty creeks or coastlines in tropical areas


A group of mangroves along a coastline

Marsh-

an open wetland where mainly grasses and other low plants grow

The Everglades Marsh of Florida

Mollusk-

a group of soft-bodied animals that usually have a hard shell. Slugs and octopi are also mollusks, even though they do not have shells.

Some examples of mollusks: a snail, slug, and clam, on bottom

Pasture-

an area of land covered with grasses and low plants used for animals such as cows, sheep, and horses to graze on

Cows grazing on a pasture

Pesticide-

chemicals used to kill or repel pests, such as insects, fungi, and weeds


Farmers spraying pesticides on crops

Ravine-

small valleys created by moving water such as streams

Scrub-

a habitat type consisting of shrubs and other low plants, often occurring in dry areas

Shrub-

a plant with woody stems that is smaller than a tree and grows low to the ground

South America-

a continent consisting of the following countries: Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Chile, Bolivia, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, Brazil, Suriname, Guyana, and French Guyana

The creation of a ravine by a small stream

A coastal scrub habitat

trunk

stems

A tree at left with a trunk, compared to a shrub, which has several stems


The continent of South America

Suburb-

an area surrounding a city that consists of houses, yards, and neighborhoods

An example of a suburb, with a park, neighborhoods, and other larger buildings such as schools and supermarkets

Swamp-

a wetland with trees

Thicket-

a dense group of shrubs or trees

A swamp in the southeastern United States

Temperate zone-

areas of the world that experience four seasons including a cold winter, hot summer, and a mild spring and fall


Temperate areas of the Americas are shown in yellow; in North America the temperate zone extends north to the Boreal forest, and in South America some parts ofChile,Argentina, and Uruguay are temperate

Tropical forest-

Forests found near the equator. Some tropical for-ests are evergreen and experience high rainfall, but there are also deciduous forests which experience a long dry period each year.

Undergrowth-

Plants that grow beneath larger trees. Tropical forests typically have a denser undergrowth compared to forests in the temperate zone.

Undergrowth in a deciduous forest: a young tree, shrubs, wildflowers, and ferns

Undergrowth in a tropical forest: palm trees, bromeliad, vines, and other plants with large leaves

Tropical zone-

a region that straddles the equator where temperatures do not vary much throughout the year, and there is a wet and a dry season


The tropical areas of the Americas are shown in green above

A tropical dry forest during the dry season

Index Índice

English Inglés

Spanish Español

Scientific Name Nombre Científico

Page Página

American Redstart Candelita norteña Setophaga ruticilla 1 Chipe flameante

Baltimore Oriole Chichiltote norteño Icterus galbula 2 Bolsero norteño Bolsero de Baltimore

Black-and-white Warbler Reinita rayada Mniotilta varia 3 Reinita trepadora Cebrita trepadora Chipe trepador

Black-throated Green Warbler Reinita gorginegra Setophaga virens 4 Reinita cariamarilla Chipe de dorso verde

Blue-winged Teal Cerceta aliazul Anas discors 5 Cerceta ala azul Barraquete aliazul

Cerceta de ala azul

Broad-winged Hawk Gavilán aludo Buteo platypterus 6 Aguililla ala ancha Gavilán aliancho

Chestnut-sided Warbler Reinita flanquicastaña Reinita de costillas castañas Chipe de flanco castaño

Setophaga pensylvanica 7

Common Yellowthroat Enmascarado norteño Geothlypis trichas 8 Antifacito norteño Mascarita común

Gray Catbird Maullador gris Dumetella carolinensis 9

Pájaro-gato gris

Great Crested Flycatcher Güis migrador Myiarchus crinitus 10 Copetón viajer Papamosca viajero

Indigo Bunting Azulito norteño Passerina cyanea 11 Azulillo norteño

Colorín azul

Louisiana Waterthrush Northern Parula

Reinita acuática piquigrande Reinita acúatica cejiblanca Chipe arroyero Parula norteño

Parkesia motacilla Setophaga americana

12

13

Index Índice

English Inglés

Spanish Español

Scientific Name Nombre Científico

Page Página

Orchard Oriole

Chichiltote castaño

Icterus spurius

14

Bolsero castaño

Ovenbird Reinita andarina Seiurus aurocapilla 15 Reinita hornera Chipe suelero Prothonotary Warbler Chipe dorado Protonotaria citrea 16

Rose-breasted Grosbeak Piquigrueso pechirrosado Pheucticus ludovicianus 17 Picogordo degollado Picogordo pecho rosado Picogordo de pecho rosa

Ruby-throated Hummingbird Estrellita pasajera Archilochus colubris 18

Colibrí garganta de rubí

Spotted Sandpiper Andarríos maculado Actitis macularius 19 Andarríos manchado Playero alzacolita

Summer Tanager Tángara veranera Piranga rubra 20 Tángara roja Piranga abejera

Wood Thrush Zorzal grande Hylocichla mustelina 21 Zorzal del bosque Zorzal maculado Reinita gusanera

Worm-eating Warbler Yellow Warbler Yellow-breasted Chat

Reinita gusanera Reinita anteada Chipe gusanero Reinita amarilla Chipe amarillo Canario de manglar Chipe de pecho Amarillo Vireo garganta amarilla

Helmitheros vermivorum Setophaga petechia Icteria virens

22

23 24

Yellow-throated Warbler Chipe de garganta amarilla Setophaga dominica 25

Documents

American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla · Reinita trepadora (Nicaragua, Costa Rica) Cebrita trepadora (Colombia) Chipe trepador (Honduras, Mexico) Forests and forests edges Forests,