american west and industrialization part 5

8/7/2019 american west and industrialization part 5

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American West and Industrialization

Part 5: Progressive Era Timeline


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Progressivism

The Progressive Movement beganin the late 19th century andcontinued until World War I.

It was a time of great social

change, when people began toaddress their concerns about thecorruption and ills of society.

Muckrakers, or journalists whoworked to expose abuses of

corporate power, helped togather public support forregulation and reform during theProgressive Era.


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1889: Jane Addams opens Hull House

Jane Addams, aprominent Progressiveleader, supported the

Prohibition movementand many other socialreforms.

Addams opened Hull

House in Chicago.

Hull House was asettlement house that

helped poorimmi rants that lived


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1890: Sherman Antitrust Act is passed

Congress passed theSherman Antitrust Actto prevent monopolies

and trusts in Americanindustries, specificallyin the railroad andsteel industries.

It was the first law todeal with monopoliesand trusts and, alongwith the Interstate

Commerce Act, was


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1890: Jacob Riis exposes conditions in tenements

Photojournalist JacobRiis published thebook How the Other

Half Lives: StudiesAmong theTenements of NewYork, which exposed

the horrible conditionsfaced by immigrantsliving in the slums ofNew York.

By using photographs,


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1895: U.S. v. E.C. Knight & Co goes to Supreme Court

In 1892, the AmericanSugar RefiningCompany acquired

the E.C. KnightCompany, creating a98% monopoly of theAmerican sugar

refining industry.The U.S. government

sued the E.C. KnightCompany, arguing

that this monopoly


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1900: Carrie Chapman Catt becomes president of the National American Women'sSuffrage Association

Carrie Chapman Cattwas a notable leaderof women's suffrage.

She was the presidentof the NationalAmerican Women'sSuffrage Association

in 1900-1904, andagain from 1915-1920.

Women finally gainedthe ri ht to vote in


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1901: Theodore Roosevelt becomes president

Theodore Rooseveltsupported manyprogressive reforms.

He was also a strongsupporter of theconservationmovement.

He expanded theamount of land thatwas used for national

parks and nationalforests.


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1902: Anthracite Coal Strike occurs

In May, coal workers inPennsylvania'santhracite fields

struck, demandinghigher wages, unionrecognition, and aneight-hour workday.

Anthracite coal wasnecessary for heatinghomes.

President TheodoreRoosevelt met with


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1904: Muckraker Ida Tarbell writes The History of the Standard Oil Company

This expos of Standard Oil exposed thecompany as a monopoly and led to thebreakup of the company.


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1904: Northern Securities v. U.S. goes to Supreme Court

In 1904, the U.S. suedNorthern SecuritiesCompany, a holding

company made up ofseveral railroadcompanies.

The U.S. argued that

Northern Securitiesviolated the ShermanAntitrust Act.

The Supreme Courtruled that Northern


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1906: Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act are passed

The Meat Inspection Actset sanitary standardsfor the meat-packing

industry.It was passed the same

year that UptonSinclair's book The

Jungle was published,as The Jungle hadgained the country'sattention over the poor

conditions in


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1909: Payne Aldrich Tariff is passed

This act, passed duringa special session ofCongress called by

President Taft, wasthe first change intariff laws since 1897.

The tariff changed over

650 tariff schedules,but it was not asaggressive as somemembers of Congress

had hoped.


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1910: Mann-Elkins Act is passed

Congress passed thisact to strengthen theInterstate Commerce

Act, which requiredrailroad rates to be"reasonable and just."

The law did not specify

what "reasonable andjust" meant, so the actwas not effective inregulating rates.

Under the Mann-Elkins


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1911: American Tobacco v. U.S. goes to Supreme Court

The U.S. suedAmerican TobaccoCompany in 1911 for

violating the ShermanAntitrust Act.

It was the first casebrought against a

tobacco company.

American Tobacco wasfound in violation ofthe Sherman AntitrustAct b the Su reme


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1911: Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire

A fire broke out at theTriangle ShirtwaistFactory in New York

City resulting in thedeath of 146 garmentworkers who wereunable to escape from

the upper floors of thebuilding.

The fire had spreadquickly because of the

flammable textiles that


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1912: Woodrow Wilson is elected president of the U.S.

In 1912, the ProgressiveParty entered thepresidential race.

First, Robert La Follettetried to win theRepublicannomination with his

platform ofprogressivism.

La Follette was aWisconsin governorwho advocated for the


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1913: 16th, 17th Amendments Ratified

In 1913, both the 16thand 17thAmendments were

ratified.The 16th Amendment

created a federalincome tax.

The 17th Amendmentchanged howsenators wereelected.


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1913: Federal Reserve Act is passed

Congress passed theFederal Reserve Actin 1913, which created

12 regional FederalReserve banks to besupervised by aFederal Reserve

Board.The Federal Reserve

System is the centralbanking system of the

United States and is


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1914: Clayton Antitrust Act is passed

Congress passed theClayton Antitrust Actto act as an

amendment to theSherman AntitrustAct.

This act prohibits

exclusive salescontracts, local pricecutting (to freeze outcompetitors), and

interlocking


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1916: Alice Paul forms the National Women's Party

Alice Paul was asuffragist leader in theearly twentieth

century.She formed the National

Women's Party in1916, which worked

hard to gain aconstitutionalamendment allowingwomen the right to

vote.


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1919: 18th Amendment is passed

In the 1800s, theTemperanceMovement began to

gain ground in theU.S. The TemperanceMovement called forits members to refrain

from drinking alcohol.As the Progressive

Movement gainedground in the 1900s,

the Temperance


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american west and industrialization part 5