Towards Analysing Provenance Aware Support of Business Workflows

An Industrial Case Study on Provenance Awareness of Composite Services

ESR Paraskevi Zerva , Dr Steffen Zschaler, Dr Simon MilesDepartment of Informatics, Kings College LondonEmail: {paraskevi.zerva | steffen.zschaler | simon.miles}@kcl.ac.uk

Dr. Kahina Hamadache, George AngourasSingular Logic, AthensEmail: {khamadache | gangouras}@singularlogic.eu

The 10th International Conference on Semantics, Knowledge & Grids (SKG 2014)

1What is Provenance? Provenance, from the French source or origin, refers to the complete history or ancestry of an object.

In software systems, provenance is the type of metadata that describes the systems history processing during its execution. [1]

What about Provenance Awareness? The provenance awareness of a system is its ability to answer questions about the history of its processing, through recording provenance data during execution [2].

1 An Industrial Case Study on Provenance Awareness of Composite Services / P. Zerva

2Provenance Awareness Example Scenariot4:drivingTime Calculationt5: bike Rentalt6: car Rentalt7: checkCreditCardt3: attractionSearcht1:flightBookingt2:hotelBookingWhy was a bike booked instead of a car?

Why was a high cost flight booked?

Which bank managed the credit card authentication?

Were all the hotel services available during the hotel booking selection?Need to collect and store provenance dataBUT: which and how much?Potential Provenance Questions: 2

provenance data in form of a graph An Industrial Case Study on Provenance Awareness of Composite Services / P. Zerva

3Provenance Awareness Specification & Analysis FrameworkPROV OntologyModelling and AnalysisEnvironment forProvenance AwarenessProvenance Question Pattern Catalogue expressed in SPARQLProvenance Data Model(ServiceProv Ontology)Service Interface Model Service Composition ModelSet of supportedquestionsextension ofusesusesproducesProvenanceInfrastructure ModelFacets : provenance question categories3[published in SCC 2013] An Industrial Case Study on Provenance Awareness of Composite Services / P. Zerva

4 4 An Industrial Case Study on Provenance Awareness of Composite Services / P. Zerva Present a worked example of representing and querying provenance through an industrial case study.

Used ORBI system [4] as a real-world system case study to trace its provenance data (provided my Singular Logic).

The case study covered questions (requirements) exhibiting the following facets (Service & Provider id, Data Flow, Timestamps, NFPs and QoS, Resources Availability, Actors, Past History Data)

Questions were formally expressed in SPARQL.

ServiceProv was used as a tool to represent and reason over the provenance data structure captured about ORBI.Exploration and Exploitation Approach of Real-World Provenance

5W3Cs PROV Key Concepts and ServiceProv 5

digital, physical or conceptual things with some fixed values(e.g., Messages. NFPs, Resources)processes that have occurred over a period of time and act upon entities(e.g., ServiceExecution, OrchestrationExecution etc.)denote something that was responsible for an activity having taken place(e.g., Server, Orchestrator, Service Provider, Service Broker) An Industrial Case Study on Provenance Awareness of Composite Services / P. Zerva

6ORBI system 6 An Industrial Case Study on Provenance Awareness of Composite Services / P. Zerva

ORBI is a web-based service, offered as a SaaS solution by Singular Logic. Provides a set of functionalities that enables management of financial transactions together with contact and project management tasks designed to satisfy the needs of self-employed professionals.

These functionalities form individual services (orblets), that allow the opportunity for combining functionalities according to the specific users needs to form service aggregations.

7

ORBI Provenance Requirements7 An Industrial Case Study on Provenance Awareness of Composite Services / P. Zerva

8Example : Querying Data Flows Provenance 8 What were the input parameters for the payment service for a particularORBI execution? (facet 2)1 SELECT ? parameterIn ?inputValue

2 WHERE { ?parameterIn p1:value ?inputValue.3 ?inMessage p1:hadMember ?parameterIn.4 ?servexecution serviceprov:executionOf ?service5 ?service serviceprov:serviceName ?serviceName.

6 FILTER ( regex (str(?serviceName),"VIVApayment", "i")7 ?servexecution p1:used ?inMessage.8 ?inMessage p1:wasGeneratedBy ?orchExecution.?orchExecution. p1:value ?orchExecID.

10 FILTER (regex(str(?orcExecID)10 "423153372604", "i"))11 } An Industrial Case Study on Provenance Awareness of Composite Services / P. Zerva

9Query Example Result 9

An Industrial Case Study on Provenance Awareness of Composite Services / P. Zerva A detailed view of the ServiceProv schema with ORBI instances and complete set of tested provenance queries in SPARQL can be found at:http://sourceforge.net/projects/serviceprov/files/ORBI/serviceprovORBI.owlhttp://sourceforge.net/projects/serviceprov/files/ORBI/ORBI_queryExamples.txt

10Case Study Analysis ResultsFacetsProvenance data collectionNumber of QueriesService & provider IdentityIdentification information for service executor/provider & service (e.g., IP address, port number, service name, URI)19Data flowData parameters passed of input/output messages19Resources Availability/Usage of resources during execution2NFPS/ QoSRecording info for different NFPs (e.g., RTT, response time)5Past history dataData about availability (up/down time of services, failure rates)3TimeTimestamps for service/ORBI execution start/end16ActorsIdentification information of third parties (broker, orchestrator)3 10 An Industrial Case Study on Provenance Awareness of Composite Services / P. Zerva

11Future Steps for Extending the Paper 11 Extend the main body of our paper with a detailed description of a set of different provenance question/data examples from ORBI execution.

Show a discussion/evaluation section with the set of provenance data that was managed to be handled/captured based on the initial provenance requirements.

An Industrial Case Study on Provenance Awareness of Composite Services / P. Zerva

12Questions ?Thank you for your attention

paraskevi.zerva@kcl.ac.ukhttp://www.dcs.kcl.ac.uk/staff/pzerva/ 12 An Industrial Case Study on Provenance Awareness of Composite Services / P. Zerva[1] Y. Gil, S. Miles, K. Belhajjame, H. Deus, D. Garijo, G. Klyne, P. Missier, S. Soiland-Reyes, and S. Zednik, PROV Model Primer. http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-primer/, 2012.[2] P. Zerva, S. Zschaler, S. Miles:Towards Design Support for Provenance Awareness: A Classification of Provenance Questions. Proc. International Workshop on Managing and Querying Provenance Data at Scale (BIGProv'13), Genova, Italy[3] P. Zerva, S. Zschaler, S. Miles: Towards Provenance Aware Design of Service Compositions: A Methodology for Analysing the Provenance Awareness in Service Designs. In: Proceedings of the 10th IEEE International Conference on Services Computing (SCC 2013), Santa Clara Marriott, CA, USA, IEEE Computer Society (2013).[4] S. Rizou and G. Angouras, Orbi: An internet service for self-employedprofessionals, in SERVICES, 2013, pp. 221226.

13