An inexpensive product to:

Improve Production

Reduce Drilling Time

The presence of microfractures is now recognized as a common cause of

severe wellbore instability, particularly in ultra-low permeability rocks such as

shales and some limestones.

An additive must be present in the mud system at all times so that microfractures are contacted immediately the drill bit exposes to them.

They will not be effective if used as a pill treatment to stabilize a formation that has already begin to fail.

High Porosity Carbonate

Shale

Carbonate

Unconsolidated Sand

API Filter Paper

Microscopic Image 100 Mag.

Sand Stone

Carbonate

Unconsolidated Sand

Microscopic Image 100 Mag.

Sand Stone

20/40 Gravelpack Sand

WITH FLOW BARRIER WITHOUT FLOW BARRIER

Drilling Mud Infiltration

Drilling Mud

Unco

nso

lidate

d S

and

Form

atio

n

Minimum Drilling Mud Infiltration

Drilling Mud with FRACSEAL

Unco

nso

lidate

d S

and

Form

atio

nFRACSEAL Filter cake

Permeable Filtercake

20/40 Gravelpack Sand

Fracseal Filtercake

20/40 Gravelpack Sand

Filtercake Comparison Test

Mica and NutplugFracseal

Penetration of Fine Solid

No Penetration of Fine Solid

Soft and Permeable Filtercake

Tough and Impermeable Filtercake

20/40 Gravelpack Sand

20/40 Gravelpack Sand

FRACSEAL Filtercake

Solid Particles Trap by Fracseal

CSIRO Perth

at Ambient Temperature

FRACSEAL Filtercake

CSIRO Perth

Trapped Fine Solids by FRACSEAL Fitercake

After 24 Hours Hot Rolling at 350 F

WALLNUT Medium

GRAPHITE Medium MARBLE Medium

MICA Medium

Pore Characteristics of Common LCM

Microscopic Image 100 Mag.

Before After

Temperature Resistance Test of FRACSEAL

Microscopic Image 40 Mag.

For 24 Hours at 350O F

CSIRO Perth

Microscopic Image 400 Mag. Microscopic Image 400 Mag.

Microscopic Image 40 Mag.

SampleSample

IDIDPorosityPorosity

( % )( % )(Swi)(Swi)

(%)(%)KoKo

(at Swi)(at Swi)

(mD)(mD)

10 PSI10 PSIDIFFERENTIALDIFFERENTIAL

50 PSI50 PSIDIFFERENTIALDIFFERENTIAL

100 PSI100 PSIDIFFERENTIALDIFFERENTIAL

250 PSI250 PSIDIFFERENTIALDIFFERENTIAL

500 PSI500 PSIDIFFERENTIALDIFFERENTIAL

ReturnReturn

Perm.Perm.

(mD)(mD)

KoKo

(%)(%)

ReturnReturn

Perm.Perm.

(mD)(mD)

KoKo

(%)(%)

ReturnReturn

Perm.Perm.

(mD)(mD)

KoKo

(%)(%)

ReturnReturn

Perm.Perm.

(mD)(mD)

KoKo

(%)(%)

ReturnReturn

Perm.Perm.

(mD)(mD)

KoKo

(%)(%)

Oil Base MudOil Base Mud

17A 20.5 15.5 545 343 17A 20.5 15.5 545 343 62.962.9 384 384 70.570.5 419 419 76.976.9 431 431 79.179.1 444 444 81.581.5

Oil Base Mud + Oil Base Mud + FracsealFracseal

17B 21.6 14.0 632 443 17B 21.6 14.0 632 443 70.170.1 529 529 83.783.7 542 542 85.885.8 546 546 86.486.4 559 559 88.588.5

PERCENTAGE GAIN IN PERMEABILITY 11.4% 18.7% 11.6% 9.2% 8.6%PERCENTAGE GAIN IN PERMEABILITY 11.4% 18.7% 11.6% 9.2% 8.6%

Average Gain in Permeability with FRACSEAL = 11.9 %Average Gain in Permeability with FRACSEAL = 11.9 %

File : CORELABFile : CORELAB

Source: CORELAB

OIL BASE MUD + FRACSEALOIL BASE MUD

Rheology at 120 F Base Fluid Base fluid +10 ppb Fracseal

Mud Weight, ppg 11.7 11.7

Viscosity reading @ 120 F :

6 rpm 15 18

3 rpm 13 16

PV 56 66

YP 28 34

Gels 10 Second 15/28 18/28

HTHP @300F, 500 psi,cc/30 min 1 1

Increased production Better hole stability

Unconsolidated Sand Shales Coal Gumbo

Reduced torque and drag Reduced potential for differential sticking Reduced seepage loss Reduced whole mud loss