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An
Introduction to Waste
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Waste Awareness Wales A joint Welsh Local Government Association and Keep Wales Tidy project funded by the Welsh Assembly Government. Waste Awareness Wales aims to:
- Encourage people to think and act differently in respect of waste
production and management; - Promote ownership and responsibility for waste by focusing on the
benefits of waste minimisation, reuse, recycling, composting and the purchase of recycled products;
- Develop activities, messages and projects that help and complement local campaigns and services;
- Support the work of other organisations who have similar objectives;
- Ensure that any campaigns are as inclusive as possible, so that everyone is made aware and has the chance to participate, whatever their age, gender, ability, class, language or ethnic origin.
These are based upon the aims found within the Welsh Assembly Government publication ‘Wise about Waste’ – the National Waste Strategy for Wales (2002). The Eco-Schools Programme An international programme which aims to raise student’s awareness of Sustainable Development through classroom study and community action. Practical steps are taken to reduce the school’s ‘environmental footprint’, following a well-structured system which is based upon the ISO 14001 environmental management scheme. Pupils play the key role in taking decisions and acting upon them, in order to improve their learning environment. Schools achieving a high level of sustainability are assessed for the European Green Flag award.
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THE BIG PICTURE Just about everything we do or buy creates waste. Most of this is buried in landfill sites, but we are fast running out of holes in the ground to put it in. To make matters worse, we seem to be throwing more and more away each year – each person in Wales is throwing away about 10 kilograms of rubbish a week. If you add this up for Wales, we would fill the Millennium Stadium every 20 days! New European laws will make it become very expensive to throw so much away. We all need to think about ways to reduce what goes into the bin. And remember – less visits to your school and home by the refuse collector will save money for other important things like books and equipment.
About 40% of what we throw away in school is paper and card. A quarter of the rest is made up of glass, canteen and garden waste, and the rest will be mainly plastic (about 15%) and mixed items (‘residual waste’ 17%). The ‘residual waste’ can’t be reused or recycled. It contains mixtures of materials that can’t be separated, dangerous chemicals or contaminated items. This means that a large proportion of what we throw away could be reused or recycled. This pack will help you think about ways we can reduce, reuse and recycle our rubbish. We can also encourage our parents to do the same – so that everyone is ‘doing their bit’.
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Sorting mixed waste A modern compacting and baling plant
THE 3 R’s
Reduce – Reuse – Recycle When we look at ways to cut down on waste, it’s a good idea to put the choices we can make into a ‘Waste Hierarchy’, where some choices are preferable to others: REDUCE REUSE RECYCLE ENERGY RECOVERY (LANDFILL and INCINERATION) INCINERATION (WITHOUT ENERGY RECOVERY) LANDFILL
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The ‘hierarchy’ is important because the problems of waste come from other causes than disposal alone. Many products need the transport of raw materials, processing and manufacture before they eventually end up as waste. Each stage will use energy and create pollution. This is true for recycling, which is an industrial process like any other, so we should understand why reducing waste in the first place is the best choice. Dumping and burning waste have the worst environmental effects and fall to the bottom of the hierarchy.
1. Reduce Waste This choice is made by people. For example:
• cut down on disposable products • cut down on unnecessary packaging • buy only what is needed
Shop Smart and Buy Recycled! Buy products made from, or packaged in, recycled materials. Look for goods that can be recycled after use. Search out durable goods and products with little or no packaging. Try to reuse and repair items whenever possible and donate unwanted goods to charity stores.
2. Reuse Waste Items are reused to extend their life and prevent the purchase of disposable goods. Look for durable products, refillable or returnable containers. Decide what can be repaired or refurbished. These may include:
• Shopping bags (cotton and jute) • Clothes • Computers and Electrical Goods • Glass milk bottles • Computer games • Rechargeable batteries
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3. Recycle Waste This means recovering materials to manufacture new products from them. Benefits of recycling include:
• Energy is saved in the process; • The demand for virgin raw materials is reduced; • It reduces the cost of importing some raw materials; • It reduces the amount of waste incinerated or landfilled; • It’s a positive way for people to help improve the
environment; • Creates employment; • Composting saves wildlife. Peat is often used as a
compost and results in the destruction of rare and fragile habitats.
The organic matter in your dustbin can be recycled on a compost heap. Composting makes it possible to care for your garden without using chemical fertilizers, and is a traditional technique first used in China over 4000 years ago!
• Compost helps to feed your plants, holds water in light sandy soils and can help to control diseases.
• Compost saves you money, as you don’t have to spend on garden products such as fertilizers.
• Composting reduces pollution by cutting down the need for bonfires, and means less waste goes to landfill.
Remember! Recycling will never completely replace the need for virgin raw materials. That’s why we should reuse materials as much as possible before recycling them.
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All this can be composted 4. Recover Energy
Energy can be recovered from waste in two ways. When waste is burnt in giant incinerators, the heat produced can be used to make steam to generate electricity. When waste decays in landfill sites, it gives off a biogas (methane), which can be drawn off and burnt for use in heating systems. At the end of 1996, most incineration plants were closed down in Britain due to new laws on pollution. Now there are better designs with several ‘waste-to-energy’ incinerators being built. These are extremely costly. However, there is still the problem of toxic ‘bottom ash’ to deal with, once waste has been burnt. Scientists are developing new ways to recover energy from waste, such as Mechanical Biogas Treatment. You could search for them on the web.
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A ‘waste to energy’ incinerator in action
5. Incineration without Energy Recovery Waste is burnt to reduce its volume. Large amounts of the greenhouse gas - carbon dioxide - are produced, and the waste must be dry enough to burn. Burning waste is a controversial issue: It reduces the volume of waste going to landfill, but could become an ‘easy’ choice instead of trying to reduce waste in the first place.
• Waste might be burned, rather than recycled, because a large quantity has to be dealt with to balance the cost of the building and its workers.
• The large quantity of waste needed to keep the operation going means lots of heavy refuse vehicles will have to travel many miles to supply the incinerator.
• There are still many worries about air pollution from the incinerator chimneys. Burning plastics in particular is known to give off chemicals that can cause cancer.
• The concentrated ash left after burning the waste is very toxic. This still has to be dealt with.
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6. Landfill without Energy Recovery
The refuse lorry is emptied at the landfill site
This is where waste is buried in holes in the ground, usually old coal mines or quarries. Modern landfill sites have strict controls over what is dumped. They are covered with clay and topsoil, and lined to prevent pollution leaking out into water supplies. The main worries include:
• Leakage of poisonous chemicals into water and the surrounding land;
• Build up of methane gas; • Underground fires from spontaneous combustion of
waste • A severe shortage of new sites to use; • As sites fill up, waste has to be taken on longer journeys.
More fuel is used, more pollution created; • Useful resources such as glass, paper and plastic are
being buried and lost. To minimize the effect of waste on the environment, the first choice should always be to REDUCE the amount of waste produced.
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USEFUL CONTACT ADDRESSES. Please call Keep Wales Tidy on 01269 822061 if you experience difficulties – or to notify us of any changes. Biodiversity RSPB Cymru Maes-y-ffynnon Sutherland House Penrhosgarnedd Castlebridge Bangor Cowbridge Road East LL57 2DW Cardiff CF11 9AB Tel: 01248 363800 Tel: 02920 353000 National Botanic Garden of Wales Middleton, Llanarthne, Carmarthenshire SA32 8HG Tel: 01558 668768 www.middletongardens.com www.gardenofwales.org.uk Wildlife Watch The Green Witham Park Lincoln LN5 7JR Tel: 01522 544400 Learning Through Landscapes Trust 3rd Floor, Southside Offices The Law Courts Winchester SO23 9DL Tel: 01962 846258 [email protected] www.ltl.org.uk
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Energy Energy Efficiency Advisory Centre Lower St Mary Street Newport Pembrokeshire SA42 0TS Tel: 01239 820235 www.ecocentre.org.uk Awel Aman Tawe (Community Energy Project) Gwaun Cae Gurwen School New Road Gwaun Cae Gurwen Ammanford SA18 1UN Tel: 01269 822954 [email protected] www.awelamantawe.org.uk Glass British Glass Manufacturers Confederation 9 Churchill Way, Chaple Town, Sheffield. S35 2PY Tel: 0114 290 1850 Local Authority Recycling Teams Isle of Anglesey County Council Tel: 01248 752831 / 890 Blaenau Gwent County Borough Council Tel: 01495 311556 Bridgend County Borough Council Tel: 01656 643439 Caerphilly County Borough Council Tel: 01495 235063 Cardiff City Council Tel: 029 2087 2087
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Carmarthenshire County Council Tel: 08456 580445 Ceredigion County Council Tel: 01545 572442 Conwy County Borough Council Tel: 01492 575334 or 575337 Denbighshire County Council Tel: 01824 706555 Flintshire County Council Tel: 01352 703350 Gwynedd Council Tel: 01286 679146 or 01341 424412 Merthyr Tydfil County Borough Council Tel: 01685 725346 or 725302 Monmouthshire County Council Tel: 01633 644119 Neath Port Talbot County Borough Council Tel: 01639 764555 Newport City Council Tel: 01633 656656 Pembrokeshire County Council Tel: 0845 6021386 Powys County Council Tel: 0845 6076060 Rhondda Cynon Taf County Borough Council Tel: 01443 494700 City & County of Swansea Tel: 01792 635600
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Torfaen County Borough Council Tel: 01633 648249 Vale of Glamorgan Council Tel: 029 2067 3000 Wrexham County Borough Council Tel: 01978 292085 Marine Waste ‘Bag it and Bin it’ Campaign Keep Wales Tidy Campaign 33 – 35 Cathedral Road Cardiff CF11 9HB Tel: 02920 256767 [email protected] www.keepwalestidy.org www.sas.org.uk (Surfers Against Sewage) Marine Conservation Society Unit 3, Wolf Business Park Alton Road, Ross-on-Wye Herefordshire HR9 5NB Tel: 01989 566017 www.mcsuk.org (Marine Conservation Society) Metals ALUPRO - Aluminium Packaging Recycling Organisation Ltd 1 Brockhill Court Brockhill Lane Redditch B97 6RB Tel: 01527 597757 [email protected] www.alupro.org.uk www.alucan.org.uk SCRIB - Steel Can Recycling Information Bureau Corus Steel Packaging Recycling Port Talbot SA13 2NG Tel: 01639 872626 www.scrib.org
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Packaging INCPEN (Industry Council for Packaging and the Environment) Soane Point 6 – 8 Market Place Reading RG1 2EG Tel: 0118 925 5991 [email protected] www.incpen.org RECOUP (Plastic container recycling) 9 Metro Centre Welbeck Way Woodston Peterborough Tel: 01733 390021 [email protected] www.recoup.org/ Paper ‘Write On!’ Recycled Paper Purchasing Guide Sustainable Wales 41 John Street / 11 Park Avenue Porthcawl CF36 3AP Tel: 01656 783405 [email protected] www.sustainablewales.org.uk Shotton Paper UPM Shotton Paper Mill Weighbridge Road Shotton Flintshire CH5 2LL Tel: 01244 280000 [email protected]
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Places to Visit C.A.T. The Centre for Alternative Technology Machynlleth Powys SY20 9AZ Tel: 01654 705950 [email protected] www.cat.org.uk The Environment Centre Old Telephone Exchange Pier Street Swansea SA1 1RY Tel: 01792 480200 [email protected] www.environmentcentre.org.uk West Wales Eco-Centre Lower St Mary Street Newport Pembrokeshire SA42 0TS Tel: 01239 820235 [email protected] www.ecocentre.org.uk Plastics British Plastics Association 6 Bath Place Rivington Street London, EC2A 3JE Tel: 020 7457 5000 [email protected] www.bpf.co.uk British Plastics Federation Environment Team 6 Bath Place Rivington Street London EC2A 3JE Tel: 020 7457 5000
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Save-A-Cup Recycling Co. Suite 2 Bridge House Bridge Street High Wycombe Buckinghamshire HP11 2EL Tel: 01494 510167 [email protected] www.save-a-cup.co.uk RINGO (Can linker project) ITW Ltd Hi-Cone Division Greenock Road Trading Estate Slough Berkshire. SL1 4QQ Tel: 01753 479980 Products Wormeries, Water Butts, Composters Original Organics Ltd Unit 9 Langlands Business Park Uffculme Devon EX15 3DA Tel: 01884 841515 Stationery Remarkable Recycled Stationery Remarkable Pencils Ltd 58 Glentham Road London SW13 9JJ Tel: 020 8741 1234 [email protected] www.remarkable.co.uk ‘Buy Recycled’ Guide Local Authority Advisory Committee
Tel: 02920 875792
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Films & Videos Concord Video & Film Council 201 Felixstowe Road Ipswich IP3 9BJ Tel: 01473 726012 CFL Vision Distribution Centre P.O. Box 35 Wetherby West Yorkshire LS23 7EX Tel: 01937 541010 Leeds Animation Workshop (“Alice in Wasteland”) 45 Bayswater Row Leeds West Yorkshire LS8 5LF Tel: 0113 248 4997 Independent Waste Paper Processors Association (“Save and Recycle” Video) 25 High Street Daventry Northants NN11 4BG Tel: 01327 703223 Clip Art ‘Energy and Environment Collection’ Department of Trade and Industry Recycling Advisory Unit Freephone Environmental Enquiries Tel: 0800 585794
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Recycling Yellow Pages – ‘Yellow Woods’ Directory Recycling Project
Tel: 0800 783 1592 Computers in the Community Unit 105 Portmanmoor Road Ind. Estate Ocean Way Portmanmoor Road Cardiff. CF24 5HB Tel: 02920 463963 [email protected] www.citcwales.org.uk Waste Watch - National Recycling Forum 96 Tooley Street London, SE1 2TH Tel: 020 7089 2100 [email protected] www.wastewatch.org.uk CYLCH – Wales Community Recycling Network Cardiff Business Technology Centre Senghenydd Road Cardiff CF24 4AY Tel: 02920 647000 [email protected] Women’s Environmental Network P.O. Box 30626 London EC1 1TZ Tel: 0207 481 9004 [email protected] www.wen.org.uk CROP (Community Recycling Opportunities Programme) Coltsham Road Old Wolverton Milton Keynes MK12 5QD Tel: 01908 225000
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Resource Centres: The Play Resource Centre Block H, Unit 22 Ashmount Business Park Upper Fforest Way Swansea SA6 8QR Tel: 01792 794884 ‘Replay’ Resource Centre Unit 4 Rassau Industrial Estate Ebbw Vale NP23 5SD Tel: 01495 301234 www.replayscrapstore.co.uk School Grounds Development Groundwork Trust Tel: 01443 844866 (National Office) Tel: 01656 727800 (Bridgend and Neath Port Talbot) Tel: 01495 222605 (Caerphilly) Tel: 01685 883880 (Merthyr Tydfil and Rhondda Cynon Taf) Tel: 01978 363555 (Wrexham and Flintshire) [email protected] www.groundwork.org.uk Water Dwr Cymru/Welsh Water Environment & Education Pentwyn Road Nelson Treharris CF46 6LY Tel: 01443 452561 Afonydd Glan/Clean Rivers Keep Wales Tidy Campaign 33 – 35 Cathedral Road Cardiff CF11 9HB Tel: 02920 256767 [email protected]
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Other Useful Websites: www.wasteawarenesswales.org.uk www.keepwalestidy.org www.cylch.org www.wales.gov.uk www.wastewatch.org.uk www.eco-schools.org.uk (Eco-Schools UK website) www.fee-international.org (European Eco-Schools website) www.recyclenow.com www.wastesavers.co.uk www.compost.org.uk (UK Compost Association) www.hdra.org.uk (organic gardening advice) www.oxfam.org.uk/coolplanet (global waste issues) www.waterintheschool.co.uk (water-saving advice and activities) www.scan.nmgw.ac.uk/about.en.shtml www.nmgw.ac.uk/education/resources/download/index.shtml?pass_id=12 (‘Don’t Stamp Out the Earth’ - global footprint project – National Museums and Galleries) Please note contact details may change Acknowledgments to: Gerry Taylor , Eco-Schools Anita Houten, The Environment Centre, Swansea Owain Griffiths, City & County of Swansea Tina Brice, Carmarthenshire County Council Waste Awareness Wales
Cyflwyno Materion Gwastraff
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Cynllun 'Craff am Wastraff' Prosiect mae Cymdeithas Llywodraeth Leol Cymru ac Ymgyrch 'Cadwch Gymru'n Daclus' yn ei gynnal dan nawdd Llywodraeth y Cynulliad. Nodau Cynllun 'Craff am Wastraff':
- Annog pobl i newid eu ffyrdd o feddwl a gweithredu ynglŷn â thrin a thrafod
sbwriel; - Hyrwyddo'r syniad o gyfrifoldeb personol am wastraff trwy ganolbwyntio ar
fanteision arbed, ailddefnyddio, ailgylchu a gwrteithio sbwriel a phrynu nwyddau eildro;
- Datblygu gweithgareddau, negeseuon a phrosiectau sy'n cyd-fynd ag ymgyrchoedd a gwasanaethau lleol ac yn eu hatgyfnerthu;
- Cynorthwyo mudiadau eraill ac iddyn nhw amcanion tebyg; - Gofalu bod pob ymgyrch mor gynhwysol ag y bo modd fel bod pawb yn cael yr
wybodaeth briodol a'r cyfle i gymryd rhan, beth bynnag fo'i oed, ei allu, ei gefndir, ei iaith neu'i dras.
Mae'r rhain wedi'i seilio ar nodau Strategaeth Genedlaethol Gwastraff Cymru (2002) - 'Yn gall gyda gwastraff', wedi'i gyhoeddi gan Lywodraeth Cynulliad Cymru. Rhaglen Eco-Sgolion Rhaglen ryngwladol ar gyfer codi ymwybyddiaeth disgyblion o ddatblygu cynaladwy trwy astudio yn y dosbarth a gweithredu yn y gymuned. Mae pob ysgol yn cymryd camau ymarferol i leddfu ei heffaith ar yr amgylchedd trwy gyfrwng trefn sydd wedi'i seilio ar gynllun rheoli'r amgylchedd ISO 14001. Y disgyblion sy'n cymryd y brif ran ynghylch dod i benderfyniadau a'i rhoi nhw ar waith er mwyn gwella sut maen nhw'n dysgu. Mae ysgolion sy'n gwneud y gorau o ddatblygu cynaladwy yn cael eu hasesu ar gyfer gwobr Baner Werdd Ewrop.
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Y DARLUN CYFFREDINOL Mae bron popeth rydyn ni'n ei brynu yn creu sbwriel sy'n cael ei gladdu, gan amlaf, ond mae lleoedd i'w gladdu'n prysur fynd yn brin. I wneud pethau'n waeth, rydyn ni'n taflu rhagor bob blwyddyn. Mae pobl Cymru'n taflu tua 10 cilogram o sbwriel y pen bob wythnos - digon i lenwi Stadiwm y Mileniwm bob 20 niwrnod. O achos deddfau newydd Undeb Ewrop, bydd yn ddrud iawn taflu cymaint. Rhaid inni i gyd feddwl am sut i gwtogi ar beth sy'n mynd i'r bin. Po fwyaf o weithiau bydd criw yn mynd i'ch ysgol i gasglu sbwriel, lleiaf o arian fydd ar gael ar gyfer pethau pwysig eraill megis llyfrau ac offer.
Papur a chardiau yw 40% o sbwriel yr ysgol. Gwydr a gwastraff y ffreutur a'r ardd yw 25% ac mae'r gweddill yn gyfuniad o blastig (tua 15%) ac amryw bethau eraill (y gwastraff sydd ar ôl - 17%). Allwn ni ddim ailddefnyddio nac ailgylchu'r gwastraff sydd ar ôl. Mae'n cynnwys deunyddiau nad oes modd eu gwahanu, cemegion peryglus neu bethau sydd wedi'u difwyno. Felly, mae'n bosibl ailddefnyddio neu ailgylchu llawer o'r hyn rydyn ni'n ei daflu. Bydd y pecyn yma'n eich helpu chi i feddwl am sut mae arbed, ailddefnyddio ac ailgylchu gwastraff. Gallwn ni annog ein rhieni i wneud yr un fath, hefyd, fel bydd pawb yn cyfrannu i'r ymdrech.
Didoli amryw fathau o sbwriel Canolfan gyfoes ar gyfer cywasgu a byrnu
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Y 3 'A' Arbed – Ailddefnyddio – Ailgylchu Pan edrychwn ni ar ffyrdd o arbed gwastraff, bydd yn syniad da nodi'r dewisiadau yn ôl graddfa lle mae rhai dewisiadau'n well nag eraill: ARBED
AILDDEFNYDDIO
AILGYLCHU
ADENNILL YNNI (CLADDU A LLOSGI)
LLOSGI (HEB ADENNILL YNNI) CLADDU
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Mae'r raddfa'n bwysig achos bod problemau gwastraff yn deillio o resymau eraill heblaw'r angen i gael gwared arno. Mae angen cludo a phrosesau deunyddiau crai i gynhyrchu llawer o'r nwyddau sy'n mynd i'r tomenni. Mae pob cam o'r broses yn defnyddio ynni ac yn difwyno'r amgylchedd. Dim ond proses ddiwydiannol arall yw ailgylchu, wrth gwrs, a dyna pam mai arbed gwastraff yn y lle cyntaf yw'r dewis gorau. Claddu a llosgi sbwriel yw'r dulliau sy'n cael yr effaith fwyaf ar yr amgylchedd a dyna pam maen nhw ar waelod y raddfa.
1. Arbed gwastraff Dewis personol yw hyn. Er enghraifft:
• cwtogi ar nwyddau taflu • cwtogi ar becynnau diangen • prynu beth mae'i angen arnoch chi yn unig
Siopwch yn graff trwy brynu nwyddau eildro. Prynwch bethau a phecynnau sydd wedi'u gwneud o ddeunyddiau eildro. Chwiliwch am nwyddau y bydd modd eu hailgylchu ar ôl eu defnyddio. Defnyddiwch nwyddau sy'n para am hir ac sydd heb lawer o becynnau. Ceisiwch ailddefnyddio a thrwsio pethau lle bo modd a rhoi nwyddau dieisiau i siopau elusennau.
2. Ailddefnyddio gwastraff Rydyn ni'n ailddefnyddio pethau er mwyn iddyn nhw bara am hwy ac i osgoi prynu nwyddau taflu. Chwiliwch am nwyddau a fydd yn para am gyfnod maith, a phecynnau mae'n bosibl eu hail-lenwi neu fynd â nhw yn ôl i'r siop pan fôn nhw'n wag. Penderfynwch beth gallwch chi'i drwsio neu'i adnewyddu, megis:
• Bagiau siopa (cotwm a jiwt) • Dillad • Cyfrifiaduron a nwyddau trydan • Poteli llaeth gwydr • Gêmau cyfrifiadur • Batrïau mae modd eu hailwefru
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3. Ailgylchu gwastraff Ystyr hyn yw adennill deunyddiau i gynhyrchu nwyddau newydd. Dyma rai manteision ailgylchu:
• Arbed ynni. • Cwtogi ar y galw am ddeunyddiau crai. • Cwtogi ar gost mewnforio rhai deunyddiau crai. • Cwtogi ar y sbwriel sy'n cael ei losgi neu'i gladdu. • Galluogi pobl i wella'r amgylchedd. • Creu swyddi. • Achub bywydau anifeiliaid trwy wrteithio. Mae mawn yn chwalu
cynefinoedd prin a bregus lle mae pobl yn ei ddefnyddio'n wrtaith. Mae'n bosibl ailgylchu'r deunydd naturiol sydd yn eich bin ar domen wrtaith. O wrteithio, gallwch chi ofalu am eich gardd heb ddefnyddio cemegion. Dyma ddull traddodiadol a ddyfeisiodd y Tsieiniaid dros 4,000 mlynedd yn ôl!
• Mae gwrtaith yn helpu i fwydo'ch planhigion, yn cadw dŵr mewn pridd ysgafn a thywodlyd ac yn gallu helpu i gadw trefn ar afiechydon.
• Mae gwrteithio'n arbed arian achos nad oes rhaid ichi brynu cemegion.
• Mae gwrteithio'n lleddfu difwyno trwy osgoi'r angen i losgi a chladdu sbwriel.
Cofiwch! Fydd deunyddiau eildro byth yn cymryd lle deunyddiau crai yn llwyr. Dyna pam y dylen ni ailddefnyddio pethau cymaint ag y bo modd cyn eu hailgylchu.
Mae'n bosibl gwrteithio hyn i gyd
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4. Adennill ynni
Mae dwy ffordd o adennill ynni o sbwriel. O losgi sbwriel mewn ffwrneisiau mawr, gallwn ni ddefnyddio'r gwres i wneud ager sy'n cynhyrchu trydan. Pan fo sbwriel yn pydru mewn tomenni, mae'n gollwng llosgnwy mae'n bosibl ei ddefnyddio mewn sustemau gwresogi. Ddiwedd 1996, cafodd y rhan fwyaf o losgwyr y DG eu cau yn sgîl deddfau newydd i atal difwyno. Bellach, rydyn ni'n adeiladu llosgwyr gwell i droi sbwriel yn ynni. Maen nhw'n ddrud iawn ac mae rhaid cael gwared ar y lludw gwenwynig sy'n weddill ar ôl llosgi'r sbwriel. Mae gwyddonwyr yn datblygu ffyrdd newydd o adennill ynni o sbwriel, megis trin bionwyon trwy broses fecanyddol. Gallech chi chwilio am fanylion ar y we.
Llosgydd ‘troi sbwriel yn ynni’ ar waith
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5. Llosgi heb adennill ynni Rydyn ni'n llosgi sbwriel i'w wneud yn llai. Mae'r llosgi'n creu llawer o nwyon 'tŷ gwydr' (carbon deuocsid) a rhaid i'r sbwriel fod yn ddigon sych i'w losgi. Dyma 'bwnc llosg' yn wir. Er bod llosgi'n cwtogi ar faint o sbwriel sy'n mynd i'r tomenni, efallai ei fod yn ddewis cyfleus na cheisio arbed gwastraff yn y lle cyntaf.
• Mae'n bosibl bod sbwriel yn cael ei losgi yn lle'i ailgylchu achos bod angen trin llawer ohono i dalu am gostau'r staff a'r adeilad.
• Gan fod angen llawer o sbwriel i gynnal y gwaith llosgi, mae llawer o gerbydau trwm yn teithio sawl milltir i fynd â'r sbwriel i'r llosgydd.
• Mae digon o bryderon am y nwyon sy'n dod allan o gyrn y ffwrneisiau. Mae'r cemegion sy'n deillio o losgi plastig yn gallu achosi cancr.
• Mae'r lludw sy'n weddill ar ôl llosgi'r sbwriel yn beryglus iawn ac mae rhaid cael gwared arno'n ddiogel.
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6. Claddu heb adennill sbwriel
Cerbyd yn gollwng sbwriel ar domen
Dyma lle mae'r sbwriel yn cael ei gladdu - fel arfer mewn hen byllau glo neu chwareli. Mae rheolau llym ynglŷn â beth mae pobl yn cael ei ddodi ar domenni sbwriel. Pan fo'r tyllau'n llawn, maen nhw'n cael eu gorchuddio â chlai a phridd. Mae llen fewnol ym mhob twll i rwystro cemegion rhag difwyno'r tir a'r dŵr yno. Dyma'r prif bryderon:
• Gollwng cemegion peryglus a fyddai'n difwyno'r dŵr a'r tir. • Llosgnwy'n cronni. • Tân yn cychwyn ohono'i hun dan ddaear. • Prinder safleoedd newydd. • O lenwi'r safleoedd, rhaid teithio ymhellach a defnyddio rhagor o
danwydd i fynd â'r sbwriel i domenni newydd. • Rydyn ni'n colli adnoddau defnyddiol megis gwydr, papur a phlastig
trwy eu claddu. I leddfu effaith sbwriel ar yr amgylchedd, ARBED gwastraff yw'r dewis gorau bob amser.
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CYFEIRIADAU DEFNYDDIOL Ffoniwch Ymgyrch 'Cadwch Gymru'n Daclus' (01269 822061) os cewch chi unrhyw anawsterau neu i roi gwybod am unrhyw newidiadau. Bioamrywiaeth RSPB Cymru Maes-y-ffynnon Sutherland House Penrhosgarnedd Castlebridge Bangor Cowbridge Road East LL57 2DW Caerdydd CF11 9AB Ffôn: 01248 363800 Ffôn: 02920 353000 Gardd Fotaneg Cymru Middleton, Llanarthne, Sir Gaerfyrddin SA32 8HG Ffôn: 01558 668768 www.middletongardens.com www.gardenofwales.org.uk Wildlife Watch The Green Witham Park Lincoln LN5 7JR Ffôn: 01522 544400 Learning Through Landscapes Trust 3rd Floor, Southside Offices The Law Courts Winchester SO23 9DL Ffôn: 01962 846258 [email protected] www.ltl.org.uk Ynni Canolfan Cynghori am Effeithlonrwydd Ynni Lower St Mary Street Trefdraeth Sir Benfro SA42 0TS Ffôn: 01239 820235 www.ecocentre.org.uk Awel Aman Tawe (Prosiect Ynni Cymunedol) Ysgol Gwauncaegurwen New Road Gwauncaegurwen Rhydaman SA18 1UN Ffôn: 01269 822954 [email protected] www.awelamantawe.org.uk
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Gwydr British Glass Manufacturers Confederation 9 Churchill Way, Chaple Town, Sheffield. S35 2PY Ffôn: 0114 290 1850 Carfanau ailgylchu'r awdurdodau lleol Cyngor Sir Ynys Môn Ffôn: 01248 752831 / 890 Cyngor Bwrdeistref Sirol Blaenau Gwent Ffôn: 01495 311556 Cyngor Bwrdeistref Sirol Pen-y-bont ar Ogwr Ffôn: 01656 643439 Cyngor Bwrdeistref Sirol Caerffili Ffôn: 01495 235063 Cyngor Dinas Caerdydd Ffôn: 029 2087 2088 Cyngor Sir Gaerfyrddin Ffôn: 08456 580445 Cyngor Sir Ceredigion Ffôn: 01545 572442 Cyngor Bwrdeistref Sirol Conwy Ffôn: 01492 575334 neu 575337 Cyngor Sir Ddinbych Ffôn: 01824 706555 Cyngor Sir y Fflint Ffôn: 01352 702426 Cyngor Gwynedd Ffôn: 01286 679146 neu 01341 424412 Cyngor Bwrdeistref Sirol Merthyr Tudful Ffôn: 01685 725346 neu 725302 Cyngor Sir Fynwy Ffôn: 01633 644119
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Cyngor Bwrdeistref Sirol Castell-nedd Porth Talbot Ffôn: 01639 764555 Cyngor Dinas Casnewydd Ffôn: 01633 656656 Cyngor Sir Benfro Ffôn: 0845 6021386 Cyngor Sir Powys Ffôn: 0845 6076060 Cyngor Bwrdeistref Sirol Rhondda Cynon Taf Ffôn: 01443 744069 Dinas a Sir Abertawe Ffôn: 01792 462067 Cyngor Bwrdeistref Sirol Torfaen Ffôn: 01633 648249 Cyngor Bro Morgannwg Ffôn: 01443 709366 Cyngor Bwrdeistref Sirol Wrecsam Ffôn: 01978 317600 Gwastraff y môr Ymgyrch ‘Bag it and Bin it’ Ymgyrch 'Cadwch Gymru'n Daclus' 33 – 35 Heol y Gadeirlan Caerdydd CF11 9HB Ffôn: 02920 256767 [email protected] www.keepwalestidy.org www.sas.org.uk (Surfers Against Sewage) Marine Conservation Society Unit 3, Wolf Business Park Alton Road, Ross-on-Wye Herefordshire HR9 5NB Ffôn: 01989 566017 www.mcsuk.org (Marine Conservation Society)
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Metelau ALUPRO - Aluminium Packaging Recycling Organisation Ltd 1 Brockhill Court Brockhill Lane Redditch B97 6RB Ffôn: 01527 597757 [email protected] www.alupro.org.uk www.alucan.org.uk SCRIB - Swyddfa Gwybodaeth am Ailgylchu Tuniau Dur Adran Ailgylchu Pecynnau Dur Corus Porth Talbot SA13 2NG Ffôn: 01639 872626 www.scrib.org Pecynnu INCPEN (Industry Council for Packaging and the Environment) Soane Point 6 – 8 Market Place Reading RG1 2EG Ffôn: 0118 925 5991 [email protected] www.incpen.org RECOUP (Plastic container recycling) 9 Metro Centre Welbeck Way Woodston Peterborough Ffôn: 01733 390021 [email protected] www.recoup.org/ Papur ‘Write On!’ Recycled Paper Purchasing Guide Cymru Gynaladwy 41 John Street / 11 Park Avenue Porth-cawl CF36 3AP Ffôn: 01656 783405 [email protected] www.sustainablewales.org.uk Shotton Paper Melin Bapur Shotton UPM Weighbridge Road, Shotton Sir y Fflint CH5 2LL Ffôn: 01244 280000 [email protected]
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Lleoedd i ymweld â nhw C.A.T. - Canolfan Technoleg Amgen Machynlleth Powys SY20 9AZ Ffôn: 01654 705950 [email protected] www.cat.org.uk Canolfan yr Amgylchedd Hen Gyfnewidfa'r Ffoniau Pier Street Abertawe SA1 1RY Ffôn: 01792 480200 [email protected] www.environmentcentre.org.uk Canolfan Amgylchedd y Gorllewin Lower St Mary Street Trefdraeth Sir Benfro SA42 0TS Ffôn: 01239 820235 [email protected] www.ecocentre.org.uk Plastig British Plastics Association 6 Bath Place Rivington Street London, EC2A 3JE Ffôn: 020 7457 5000 [email protected] www.bpf.co.uk British Plastics Federation Environment Team 6 Bath Place Rivington Street London EC2A 3JE Ffôn: 020 7457 5000 Save-A-Cup Recycling Co. Suite 2 Bridge House Bridge Street High Wycombe Buckinghamshire HP11 2EL Ffôn: 01494 510167 [email protected] www.save-a-cup.co.uk
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RINGO (Can linker project) ITW Ltd Hi-Cone Division Greenock Road Trading Estate Slough Berkshire. SL1 4QQ Ffôn: 01753 479980 Nwyddau Abwydfeydd, Casgenni dŵr, Gwrteithwyr Original Organics Ltd Unit 9 Langlands Business Park Uffculme Devon EX15 3DA Ffôn: 01884 841515 Deunydd ysgrifennu Remarkable Recycled Stationery Remarkable Pencils Ltd 58 Glentham Road London SW13 9JJ Ffôn: 020 8741 1234 [email protected] www.remarkable.co.uk ‘Buy Recycled’ Guide Local Authority Advisory Committee
Ffôn: 02920 875792 Ffilmiau a thapiau fideo Concord Video & Film Council 201 Felixstowe Road Ipswich IP3 9BJ Ffôn: 01473 726012 CFL Vision Distribution Centre P.O. Box 35 Wetherby West Yorkshire LS23 7EX Ffôn: 01937 541010 Leeds Animation Workshop (“Alice in Wasteland”) 45 Bayswater Row Leeds West Yorkshire LS8 5LF Ffôn: 0113 248 4997
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Independent Waste Paper Processors Association (“Save and Recycle” Video) 25 High Street Daventry Northants NN11 4BG Ffôn: 01327 703223 Celf ‘Energy and Environment Collection’ Department of Trade and Industry Recycling Advisory Unit Freephone Environmental Enquiries Ffôn: 0800 585794
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Ailgylchu Yellow Pages – ‘Yellow Woods’ Directory Recycling Project
Ffôn: 0800 783 1592 Cyfrifiaduron yn y Gymuned Uned 105 Ystad Ddiwydiannol Portmanmoor Road Ocean Way Portmanmoor Road Caerdydd CF24 5HB Ffôn: 02920 463963 [email protected] www.citcwales.org.uk Waste Watch - National Recycling Forum 96 Tooley Street London, SE1 2TH Ffôn: 020 7089 2100 [email protected] www.wastewatch.org.uk CYLCH – Rhwydwaith Ailgylchu Cymunedol Cymru Canolfan Technoleg Busnes Caerdydd Heol Senghenydd Caerdydd CF24 4AY Ffôn: 02920 647000 [email protected] Women’s Environmental Network P.O. Box 30626 London EC1 1TZ Ffôn: 0207 481 9004 [email protected] www.wen.org.uk CROP (Community Recycling Opportunities Programme) Coltsham Road Old Wolverton Milton Keynes MK12 5QD Ffôn: 01908 225000
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Canolfannau adnoddau: Canolfan yr Adnoddau Chwarae Bloc H, Uned 22 Parc Busnes Ashmount Upper Fforest Way Abertawe SA6 8QR Ffôn: 01792 794884 Canolfan Adnoddau ‘Replay’ Uned 4 Ystad Ddiwydiannol Rasa Glyn Ebwy NP23 5SD Ffôn: 01495 301234 www.replayscrapstore.co.uk Datblygu safleoedd ysgolion Ymddiriedolaeth Groundwork Tel: 01443 844866 (Swyddfa Cymru) Tel: 01656 727800 (Pen-y-bont ar Ogwr a Chastell-nedd Porth Talbot) Tel: 01495 222605 (Caerffili) Tel: 01685 883880 (Merthyr Tudful a Rhondda Cynon Taf) Tel: 01978 363555 (Wrecsam a Sir y Fflint) [email protected] www.groundwork.org.uk Dŵr Dŵr Cymru/Welsh Water Adran yr Amgylchedd ac Addysg Pentwyn Road Ffos y Gerddinen Treharris CF46 6LY Ffôn: 01443 452561 Afonydd Glân/Clean Rivers Ymgyrch 'Cadwch Gymru'n Daclus' 33 – 35 Heol y Gadeirlan Caerdydd CF11 9HB Ffôn: 02920 256767 [email protected]
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Gwefannau defnyddiol eraill: www.wasteawarenesswales.org.uk www.keepwalestidy.org www.cylch.org www.cymru.gov.uk www.wastewatch.org.uk www.eco-schools.org.uk (Gwefan Ecosgolion y DG) www.fee-international.org (Gwefan Ecosgolion Ewrop) www.recyclenow.com www.wastesavers.co.uk www.compost.org.uk (Cymdeithas Gwrtaith y DG) www.hdra.org.uk (Cyngor am arddio naturiol) www.oxfam.org.uk/coolplanet (Materion gwastraff byd-eang) www.waterintheschool.co.uk (Cyngor a gweithgareddau am arbed dŵr) www.scan.nmgw.ac.uk/about.en.shtml www.nmgw.ac.uk/education/resources/download/index.shtml?pass_id=12 (‘Don’t Stamp Out the Earth’ - global footprint project – National Museums and Galleries) Cofiwch y bydd manylion yn newid, o bosibl. Diolch i: Gerry Taylor, Eco-Sgolion Anita Houten, Canolfan yr Amgylchedd, Abertawe Cynllun 'Craff am Wastraff' Owain Griffiths, Dinas a Sir Abertawe Tina Brice, Cyngor Sir Gaerfyrddin
