•An organic compound that is the body’s main source of energy.

•Chapter 15

Produced by green plants during photosynthesis.

The carbohydrate formed by photosynthesis is glucose

Glucose is the basic sugar molecule from which all other carbohydrates are built

Complex Carbs vs. Simple Carbs (2:46)http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6esFOqj_IaY

Range of Sweetness

Caramelization – browning reaction that can occur with any kind of sugarHow to caramelize sugar – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HjqRzyZXwkA (1:38) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jMiXJE3eXN0 (5:45)

Solubility – dissolve in water easily because of the many hydroxyl groups

Crystallization – occurs when you add more sugar to a solvent than it can dissolve. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WQdXbf8huuQ&list=TLWk1HVncEGRk (7:23)

Must be broken down into sugar so they take longer to digest and will provide longer lasting energy

Amylose – molecules are linear: they’re long and narrow like a line

Amylopectin – have multiple branches, like the veins in a leaf

Cellulose is fiber that gives plants their structure.

45-65% of calories should come from carbohydrates

Most should come from complex carbohydrates

Lack of energy Uses protein as energy source Lack of vitamins, minerals, and fibers Not enough cushioning for the organs Central nervous system, kidneys, brain,

and muscles won’t function properly

Stored as excess fat More susceptible to heart disease

Simple carbohydrates Raises blood sugar levels

Whole grains Reduce risk of heart

disease minimize chances of

getting diabetes Oats

Slow down digestion Lowers cholesterol

Large amounts Makes you slow and sleepy