A&P II Exam 1 2013 Name ____________________________________________Russo

Figure 14.1

Using Figure 14.1, match the following:

1) Myelin sheath.Answer: EDiff: 1 Page Ref: 526; Fig. 14.2

2) Cell body of ANS preganglionic neuron.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 526; Fig. 14.2

3) Cell body of ANS postganglionic neuron.Answer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 526; Fig. 14.2

4) Cell body of the somatic neuron.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 526; Fig. 14.2

T/F

5) The blood vessels of the skin are one of the few areas of the body where the vessels are innervated by both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 537; Tbl. 14.4

6) The structures that specifically exhibit vasomotor tone are mostly under sympathetic control.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 536

7) The autonomic and somatic nervous systems are two separate systems that work totally independent of each other.Answer: FALSEDiff: 3 Page Ref: 525

8) Albuteral is used by asthma patients to dilate the bronchioles of the lungs and ease breathing.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 535; Tbl. 14.3

Multiple Choice

9) Which of these effectors is not directly controlled by the autonomic nervous system?A) smooth muscleB) cardiac muscleC) skeletal muscleD) most glandsAnswer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: 525

10) Sympathetic responses generally are widespread because ________.A) inactivation of ACh is fairly slowB) NE and epinephrine are secreted into the blood as part of the sympathetic responseC) preganglionic fibers are shortD) preganglionic fibers are longAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 537

11) Which of the following appears to exert the most direct influence over autonomic function?A) hypothalamusB) midbrainC) reticular formation

D) medulla oblongataAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 535; Tbl. 14.2

12) Beta-blockers ________.A) increase a dangerously low heart rateB) decrease heart rate and blood pressureC) have widespread sympathetic effectsD) are potent antidepressantsAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 535; Tbl. 14.2

Figure 16.2

Using Figure 16.2, match the following hypothalamic hormones with the pituitary hormone targets:

13) Growth hormoneAnswer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 602-4; Tbl 16.1

14) Follicle stimulating hormoneAnswer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: 605; Tbl. 16.1

15) ProlactinAnswer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 605-6; Tbl. 16.1

16) Adrenocorticotropic hormoneAnswer: EDiff: 1 Page Ref: 605; Tbl. 16.1

17) Thyroid stimulating hormoneAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 605; Tbl. 16.1

Match the following:

A) Hormonal stimulusB) Humoral stimulusC) Neural stimulus

18) Testosterone productionDiff: 3 Page Ref: 603; Tbl.16.1

19) Epinephrine productionDiff: 3 Page Ref: 597; Fig. 16.14

20) Aldosterone productionDiff: 3 Page Ref: 605; Tbl. 16.1

21) Parathyroid hormone productionDiff: 3 Page Ref: 596; Fig. 16.4

Answers: 18) A 19) C 20) A 21) B

True/False Questions

22) The pineal gland is used as a brain orientation landmark for brain X rays.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 617

23) The antagonistic hormones that regulate the blood calcium level are calcitonin-parathormone.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 610-611

24) The hormone that raises blood sugar levels is insulin.Answer: FALSE

Diff: 1 Page Ref: 618

25) Addison's disease is due to a insufficient output of glucocorticoids only.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 615

26) Both "turn on" factors (hormonal, humoral, and neural stimuli) and "turn off" factors (feedback inhibition and others) may be modulated by the activity of the nervous system.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 597

27) ACTH stimulates the adrenal cortex to release corticosteroid hormones.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 603; Tbl. 16.1

28) LH is also referred to as a gonadotropin.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 605

29) Oxytocin is a strong stimulant of uterine contractions.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 599

30) The prime metabolic effect of cortisol is gluconeogenesis.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 614

Multiple Choice

31) Virtually all of the protein or amino acid-based hormones exert their effects through intracellular ________.A) calciumB) deactivating ionsC) nucleotidesD) second messengersAnswer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 593

32) Which of the following is not a category of endocrine gland stimulus?A) enzymeB) humoralC) neuralD) hormonalAnswer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 596-7; Fig. 16.4

33) Chemical substances secreted by cells into the extracellular fluids and that regulate the metabolic function of other cells in the body are called ________.A) enzymesB) antibodiesC) proteinsD) hormonesAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 592

34) The hypothalamic-hypophyseal tract ________.A) connects the hypophysis to the pituitary glandB) is partly contained within the infundibulumC) conducts aldosterone to the hypophysisD) is the site of prolactin synthesisAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 599

35) Which of the choices below is not a factor required for target cell activation by hormone receptor interaction?A) blood levels of hormoneB) type of hormoneC) number of receptors for that hormoneD) strength of the bond between the receptor and hormoneAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 595

36) ADH ________.A) increases urine productionB) promotes dehydrationC) is produced in the adenohypophysisD) is inhibited by alcoholAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 599-601

37) Which of the following is not a type of hormone interaction?A) permissivenessB) synergismC) antagonismD) feedbackAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 598

38) Which of the following is not a change typically produced by a hormonal stimulus?A) activates or deactivates enzymesB) stimulates production of an action potentialC) alters plasma membrane permeability

D) induces secretory activityAnswer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 593

Match the following:

A) NeutrophilB) MonocyteC) BasophilD) ErythrocyteE) Eosinophil

39) Nucleus has two lobes; contains granules of lysosomal enzymes; functions in attacking parasitic worms.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 644; Tbl. 17.2

40) Nucleus is multilobed; functions as a phagocyte; contains fine indistinct granules.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 644; Tbl. 17.2

41) Transports CO2 and oxygen.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 644; Tbl. 17.2

42) Contains a U- or an S-shaped nucleus; granules stain very dark; releases histamine and heparin.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 644; Tbl. 17.2

43) Largest of the WBCs; crucial in defense against viruses; associated with chronic infections.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 644; Tbl. 17.2

Answers: 39) E 40) A 41) D 42) C 43) B

Match the following:

A) FibrinogenB) Alpha and beta globulinsC) AlbuminD) Gamma globulins

44) Main contributor to osmotic pressure.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 633; Tbl. 17.1

45) Antibodies released by plasma cells during immune response.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 633; Tbl. 17.1

46) Necessary for coagulationDiff: 1 Page Ref: 633; Tbl. 17.1

47) Transport proteins that bind to lipids, metal ions, and fat-soluble vitamins.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 633; Tbl. 17.1

Answers: 44) C 45) D 46) A 47) B

T/F

48) Hemorrhagic anemias result from blood loss.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 638

49) White blood cells are produced through the action of colony-stimulating factors.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 642

50) Hemoglobin is made up of the protein heme and the red pigment globin.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 635

51) Myeloid stem cells give rise to all leukocytes.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 642

52) Each hemoglobin molecule can transport two molecules of oxygen.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 635

53) Diapedesis is the process by which red blood cells move into tissue spaces from the interior of blood capillaries.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 640

Multiple Choice

54) Which of the following is not a functional characteristic of WBCs?A) granulosisB) diapedesisC) ameboid motionD) positive chemotaxisAnswer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 640

55) What is the average normal pH range of blood?

A) 8.35-8.45B) 7.75-7.85C) 7.35-7.45D) 4.65-4.75Answer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: 63256) Which of the choices below is the parent cell for all formed elements of blood?A) megakaryocyteB) normoblastC) hemocytoblastD) polymorphonuclear cellAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 636; Fig. 17.11

57) Which of the following is not a distribution function of blood?A) delivery of oxygen to body cellsB) transport of metabolic wastes from cellsC) transport of hormones to their target organsD) transport of salts to maintain blood volumeAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 632

58) Which of the following is a protective function of blood?A) prevention of blood lossB) maintenance of adequate fluid volumeC) maintenance of normal pH in body tissueD) maintenance of body temperatureAnswer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 633

59) Which of the following might trigger erythropoiesis?A) hypoxia of EPO-producing cellsB) decreased tissue demand for oxygenC) an increased number of RBCsD) moving to a lower altitudeAnswer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 636-637

60) Blood reticulocyte counts provide information regarding ________.A) rate of erythrocyte formationB) rate of platelet formationC) clotting ability of the bloodD) WBC ability to defend the body against diseaseAnswer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 636-637

Xtra Credit

1) Where would you not find a cholinergeric nicotinic receptor?A) all parasympathetic target organsB) all postganglionic neuronsC) adrenal medulla hormone producing cellsD) skeletal muscle motor end platesAnswer: ADiff: 3 Page Ref: 533-534 Tbl 14.2

2) Which of the following adrenergic neurotransmitter receptors plays the major role in heart activity?A) beta 1B) beta 2C) beta 3D) alpha 1Answer: ADiff: 3 Page Ref: 534; Tbl. 14.2

3) One of the least complicated of the endocrine control systems directly responds to changing blood levels of ions and nutrients. Which of the following describes this mechanism?A) carbohydrate oxidationB) catabolic inhibitionC) protein synthesisD) humoral stimulationAnswer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: 596; Fig. 16.4

4) Which of the following would not be a possible cause of sickling of red blood cells in someone with sickle-cell anemia?A) travel at high altitudeB) vigorous exerciseC) malaria and travel at high altitudeD) sleeping in a well-ventilated roomAnswer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: 639-640

5) Platelets ________.A) stick to the damaged area of a blood vessel and help seal the breakB) have a life span of about 120 daysC) are the precursors of leukocytesD) have multiple nucleiAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 645-646