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Analysis of Push Initiator Tool used for Wireless Application Protocol

Taotao Huang

Helsinki University of Technology

Department of Electrical and Communication Engineering

Networking Laboratory

Professor: Jorma Jormakka

Working place: Nokia Mobile Phone

Email: thuang@cc.hut.fi

Tel: +358 40 8213078

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Overview of WAP

The process of sending a WAP request and receiving WAP content

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Overview of WAP

• 1. The WAP terminal sends a URL request to a WAP gateway using WAP protocol through a bearer.

• 2. The WAP gateway sends the request to the right origin server, and if the origin server is a web server, the request uses HTTP protocol. For the security purpose, HTTPS protocol will be used.

• 3. The origin server responds to the request by returning a WAP document in textual format to the gateway

• 4. The gateway encodes the WAP content into binary format and sends it to the WAP terminal

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Overview of WAP

WAP protocol stack 1

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PUSH Service

With WAP, push operators can send an alert message to a mobile user, but that message can also contains a link to a WAP page. The user can click a button and immediately view the page in order to get more information, and/or do something about it.

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Push

The process of sending a push message

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Overview of NOKIA PUSH Initiator

NOKIA push initiator is a tool used for push testing. This tool can send WML, service indication (SI) and plain text (PL) pages as push messages to push client through the PPG in order to test the performance of the NOKIA PPG

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NOKIA Push Testing Environment

PushClients

WAPGW

PushInitiator

SMSC

Log fileLog file

NMS

CCB

Network Management• SNMP traps

Customer Care & Billing• Log files• CDR files• FTP transmission

PPG

PPGADAPTER

PushProxyCORE

PAPi/f

PAP Message

PUSH MessagePGW WebServer

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Features of NOKIA PUSH Initiator

• Sending SI/SIC, WML/WMLC and plain text Push Message.

• Support for various modes of client addressing – MSISDN, IP and multiple client addressing.

• Generate unconfirmed Push traffic with desired priority and mode of delivery i.e. immediate or differed.

• Monitor the traffic generated and display statistics of the test on GUI.

• Creating new test profiles to define test sessions.• Edit existing test profiles .• Schedule the execution of test sessions.• View statistics about the execution of test sessions.

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NOKIA PI and Ericsson PI comparison

• Hardware Requirement

Nokia Push Initiator Ericsson Push Initiator

Small disk space requirement 20 Mbytes free disk space is required for installation

5GB Hard disk with Pentium 3 processor

Pentium II, 266 MHz and 128 Mbytes RAM is recommended

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NOKIA PI and Ericsson PI comparison

• Software RequirementNokia Push Initiator Ericsson Push Initiator

Microsoft Windows NT 4.0 Microsoft Windows NT 4.0, windows 98, or windows 2000

Java Runtime Environment 1.2.1 or later & JRun 3.0 server

Java 2 Platform, version 1.3.0 or later.

Netscape 4.7 or Internet Explorer 4.0 Microsoft Internet Explorer 5, or a later version.

No requirement for font The font Arial Narrow is required to get a correct simulation of the real telephones.

Text Editor Adobe Acrobat Reader 3.0 or later is required to view online documentation.

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NOKIA PI and Ericsson PI comparison

• Features and functions Nokia Push Initiator Ericsson Push Initiator

The push message ID should be created by the user.

An unique ID of the push message can be generated by the PI automatically but it can be changed by the user.

Type of Message supported: Service Indication (SI), WML, plaint text, Service Indication encoded (SIC), WML encoded (WMLC)

Type of Message supported: Service Indication, Service Loading, WAP Cache Operations 

Push Type supported: Push, Push List Push Type Supported: Push

Subscriber Addressing: Phone-number, IP, user-defined address or group address.

Subscriber Addressing: Phone-number , IP

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NOKIA Push testing Throughput performance

Evaluation There were 4 kinds of tests had been done:

• Test case 1: Sending the push message with one content type of text format

• Test case 2: Sending the push message with a mixture of page sizes and content types format

• Test case 3: Sending the push message with a mixture of page sizes and content types format under a time limit

• Test case 4: Sending the push message with a mixture of page sizes and content types format with background traffic

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Conclusion

In conclusion, the PI has good performance in different cases but push performance is not as good as the PI. The push messages cannot be handled by the PPG as fast as the PI can send them. This gives the conclusion the performance of the PPG has a significant influence on the push service result.