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Anchors
Function
Roof , Wall or Floor
– Temperature?
– Chemical attack on the anchors?
– Do they need to support the weight of the lining?
– Or are the anchors only required to hold the lining in place?
– Type and thickness of the insulation?
– Expansion/movement of the lining?
Materials
• Steel alloy anchorsMax. spec. temp. Actual max. temp
–304 (Cr/Ni 18/8) 1.4301 800oC 900 - 1000oC–309 (Cr/Ni 1.4828 1000oC–253MA (Cr/Ni ) 1.4893 1050oC 1100 - 1200oC–310/314 (Cr/Ni 25/20) 1.4841 1150oC 1100 - 1200oC–310S (Cr/Ni 25/20) 1.4845 1150oC 1100 - 1200oC
Other factors : Stable/fluctuating temperatures, Sigma phase development, Chemical attack,
• Ceramic anchors 1400 - 1800oC
– Pressed brick– Precast LCC
Steel Alloy Anchors
• Flat anchors–Simple to produce–Low cost
•Round anchors–Corrugated
Cast steel anchors
Steel Alloy Anchors
• Guidelines
– Length of anchor 2/3 of total lining thickness
Never closer to the hot face than 20mm
– Size 6 – 12mm depending on load and risk of chemical attack
– Spacing Lining thickness 200 – 350mm : spacing 200 – 250mm
Lining thickness under 100mm : spacing 50 – 100mm
– Welding Electrode must match the highest grade of steel used
– Expansion Always use plastic caps
Ceramic AnchorsPressed brick anchors
Ceramic Anchors
Traditionally - plastic or wooden wedges are used to hold the anchors horizontal
Ceramic Anchors
Ceramic Anchors
Precast LCC Anchors
• Round shape
• Smaller diameter
• Stronger
• Same expansion as
the castable
Ceramic Anchors
Pressed brick anchors
Precast LCC