Ancient Egypt Part 1: The Great Pyramid of Giza Before we get going, I want to give shout outs to a few of the people who really know what they are talking about when it comes to this stuff. The first are the heavy hitters; John Anthony West Graham Hancock Christopher Dunn Randall Carlsson Robert Bauvall Dr. Robert Schoch If you even remotely enjoy what we cover in this series, I implore you to search out these people, buy their books, get the real explanations straight from them. They know far more about it than I ever will. Then the community. I wouldn't know half this stuff without the help and content from; Brothers of the Serpent Podcast UnchartedX on Youtube RewireCoach on Twitter The place where all this started for me: The Joe Rogan Experience

Hour 1: The Stats Andrej Ciesielski climbs the Great Pyramid: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s6X-1ShM8uA

Height 146.7 metres (481 ft) or 280 Egyptian Royal cubits Was the tallest man-made structure in the world for more than 3,800 years until Lincoln Cathedral was finished in 1311 AD. (Tower collapsed and The Pyramid was the tallest man-made structure on earth until the Eiffel tower was finished in 1889.)

Weight 12 billion pounds // 6,000,000 Tons

Base (1 side) Length of 230.34 metres (756 ft) or 440 Egyptian Royal cubits

Volume 2,583,283 cubic metres (91,227,778 cu ft) As much stone as was used to construct all the churches in Europe during the middle ages.

Area 13 acres

Slope ~52°

Description of the Blocks / Casing Stones Each block of the

Great Pyramid weighed an average of 2.5 to 15 tons. The heaviest blocked weighed 70 tons. The finished Pyramid was sealed in polished limestone “casing stones”.

Casing stones as seen on Khafre’s Pyramid (The center Pyramid)

Logistics The 130 granite blocks (each weighing between 12-70 tons) quarried for the Great Pyramid were brought from Aswan 867kms down the Nile river. This was all accomplished with supposedly no wheel technology, and with a reliance on the Nile flooding in order for the water to reach the quarry at Aswan. The Great Pyramid was supposedly built in 25-27 years.

The Innards of the Great Pyramid

The Chevrons

The original entrance to the Great Pyramid is on the north, (56 ft) vertically above ground level and (23.9 ft) east of the centerline of the pyramid.

Caliph al-Ma'mun's Hole The tunnel is cut straight through the masonry of the pyramid for approximately (89 ft), then turns sharply left to encounter the blocking stones in the Ascending Passage. It is believed that their efforts dislodged the stone fitted in the ceiling of the Descending Passage to hide the entrance to the Ascending Passage and it was the noise of that stone falling and then sliding down the Descending Passage, which alerted them to the need to turn left. Unable to remove these stones, however, the workmen tunnelled up beside them until they reached the Ascending Passage.

The Descending Passage From this original entrance, there is a Descending Passage 3.1 ft high and 3.4 ft wide, which goes down at an angle of ~26° through the masonry of the pyramid and then into the bedrock beneath it. After 345.2 ft, the passage becomes level and continues for an additional 29.0 ft to the lower Chamber.

The Subterranean Chamber (Unfinished Chamber) The Subterranean chamber is large, and it has a peculiar form with bedrock filling up in one end and having a deep hole in the other. The ceiling is square measuring about 8x14 meters (about 115 square meters!) When first discovered they thought the hole may be bottomless. (it wasn’t. It was 3m deep)

The Ascending Passage Length: 39 meters Width: 1.5 meters Height: 1.6 meters For most visitors to the Great Pyramid, this is the beginning of the long and cramped journey up to the King's Chamber. You must literally hunch over and scramble your way up this small passageway which has a steep 1:2 gradient (a 45 degree angle with the plateau). At the top of the passage you'll arrive at the Grand Gallery.

The Grand Gallery The Grand Gallery continues the slope of the Ascending Passage, but is (28 ft) high and (153.1 ft) long. At the base it is (6.8 ft) wide, but after (7.5 ft) the blocks of stone in the walls are corbelled inwards by (3.0 in) on each side. At the upper end of the Gallery on the right-hand side there is a hole near the roof that opens into a

short tunnel by which access can be gained to the lowest of the Relieving Chambers.[citation needed] The other Relieving Chambers were discovered in 1837–1838 by Colonel Howard Vyse and J.S. Perring, who dug tunnels upwards using blasting powder.

The “Queen’s” Chamber The "Queen's Chamber"[2] is exactly halfway between the north and south faces of the pyramid and measures (18.9 ft) north to south, (17.2 ft) east to west, and has a pointed roof with an apex (20.4 ft) above the floor.

In the north and south walls of the Queen's Chamber there are shafts. Discovered in 1872 by British engineer, Waynman Dixon. Their purpose is unknown. The shafts in the Queen's Chamber were explored in 1993 by the German engineer Rudolf

Gantenbrink using a crawler robot he designed, Upuaut 2. After a climb of (213 ft),[31] he discovered that one of the shafts was blocked by limestone "doors" with two eroded copper "handles". Some years later the National Geographic Society created a similar robot which, in September 2002, drilled

a small hole in the southern door, only to find another door behind it.[32] The northern passage, which was difficult to navigate because of twists and turns, was also found to be blocked by a

door.[33]

Research continued in 2011 with the Djedi Project. used a fibre-optic snake camera that could see around corners. With this they were able to penetrate the first door of the southern shaft through the hole drilled in 2002, and view all the sides of the small chamber behind it. They discovered hieroglyphs written in red paint. They were also able to scrutinize the inside of the two copper "handles" embedded in the door, and they now believe them to be for decorative purposes. They also found the reverse side of the "door" to be finished and polished, which suggests that it was not

put there just to block the shaft from debris, but rather for a more specific reason.[34]

The King’s Chamber The "King's Chamber"[2] is (34.4 ft) from east to west and (17.17 ft) north to south. It has a flat roof (19 feet 2 inch) above the floor. (3.0 ft) above the floor there are two narrow shafts in the north and south walls. The purpose of these shafts is not clear: they appear to be aligned towards stars or areas of the northern and southern skies, yet none directly sight stars, as they have bends through them. The King's Chamber is entirely faced with granite. Above the roof, which is formed of nine slabs of stone weighing in total about 400 tons, are five compartments known as Relieving Chambers. The first four, like the King's Chamber, have flat roofs formed by the floor of the chamber above, but the final chamber has a pointed roof. The only object in the King's Chamber is a rectangular granite sarcophagus, one corner of which is

damaged.[citation needed] The sarcophagus is slightly larger than the Ascending Passage, which

indicates that it must have been placed in the Chamber before the roof was put in place.[citation

needed] Unlike the fine masonry of the walls of the Chamber, the sarcophagus is roughly finished,

with saw-marks visible in several places.[citation needed]

The Relieving Chambers

Egyptologists have offered the explanation that the chambers above the King’s Chamber are designed to lighten the load above the chamber to prevent collapse. However, others counter this argument stating the design actually adds stress to the walls of the chamber. It was up here in the top of the relieving chambers that the Khufuf Cartouche was found in 1837 by Sir Richard Vyse, a British soldier and adventurer who used gunpowder to blast his way into the inner chambers. Some have suggested that perhaps Vyse, desperate to secure more time and funding forged the Cartouche.

END OF PART 1