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World History
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ANCIENT PERSIA
Iran
The Rise of Persia
The Persians based their empire on
tolerance and diplomacy. They relied
on a strong military to back up their
policies. Ancient Persia is where Iran is
today.
Persia is in Modern Day Iran
The Persian Empire
WATER MASSES Touching upon
the Arabian sea, the Aral sea,
the black sea, the Caspian sea,
the Mediterranean sea, the
Persian gulf and the red sea
RIVERS Euphrates, Tigris
Starting of the Persian Empire Around
612 B.C., the Persians had overthrown the
Assyrians. Then the Persians started to
build their empire. The first Empire of the
Persians started around 550 B.C. The first
Persian King was Cyrus. When they
started with their empire, they began to
expand it.
The beginning of king Cyrus
ruling started in 550 B.C
Under his rule the Persian
Empire expanded from the
Indus river to Anatolia.
(Approximately 2,000 miles.)
When King Cyrus was
leading wars he was said to
have lead many victories.
(550- 539 B.C.) He was a
very kind person,
considering he believing in
recognition of local customs
and Religions
CYRUS THE GREAT
A tolerant ruler he alloweddifferent cultures within hisempire to keep their owninstitutions.
The Greeks called him aLaw-Giver.
The Jews called him theanointed of the Lord. (In 537, he allowed over 40,000 toreturn to Palestine).
Cyruss Empire
550 BC Conquered several
neighboring kingdoms
Military genius
Controlled an empire spanning 2000 miles
Kindness toward conquered people
Honored local customs and religions
538 BC - Allowed the Jews to return to their homeland, Jerusalem
Considered by the Jews to be one of Gods anointed ones
King Cambyses Expanded the empire
by gaining control of Egypt. In contrast
to his father, he did not accept all religions.
He treated the Egyptian religion very poorly.
An example of his horrid treatment towards
Egyptian religion is that he had people
under his ruling burn pictures of Egyptian
gods. The actions of this King caused
rebellion to occur in the Persian empire. He
ruled for 8 years before dying. After dying
he left the thrown to his heir Darius.
Darius the Great(526 485 B. C. E.) Built Persepolis.
He extended the Persian Empire to the Indus
River in northern India. (2 mil. s.q. mi.)
Built a canal in Egypt.
Ancient Persepolis
Darius the Great(526 485 B. C. E.)
Established a tax-collecting system.
Divided the empire into districtscalled SATRAPIES.
Built the great Royal Road (land trade) system.
Established a complex postal system.
Created a network of spies calledthe Kings eyes and ears.
Persian Royal Road
Standardized Taxes
Darius replaced the irregular payments with formal tax levies
Each satrapy was required to pay a set quantity of silver and in some cases a levy of horses and slaves alsoto the imperial court
In order to expedite payments, he issued standard coins - daric
Wars: The Greco-Persian war was one of the major wars that occurred in this empire.The war was caused because of differences between the Greek and Persian way of life. During the time when Darius ruled, his troops fought this war. Unfortunately, they were unable to win.
There were a number of Graeco-Persian Wars from 490-480/79 B.C. This was not what destroyed the Persians. The Macedonian, Alexander the Great, invaded and destroyed the Persian Empire.
PERSIAN CULTURE:
The Persians very
gradually converted to
Islam from the mid 7th
century and later adopted
the Arabic alphabet.
Calligraphy It is
considered to be one of
the most eye catching
and fascinating
manifestations of Persian
culture.
PERSIAN LANGUAGE AND WRITING
Ancient Persians had many languages and writing systems;
ELAMITE was the official language of the Persian Empire from 600 BCE & 400 BCE.;
600 BCE Scripts Writings were usually on clay tablets (sometimes they wrote on cliffs). Used special writing instruments. Writing was done by scribes, High level people were illiterate. Writing was beneath them.
Zoroastrianism
Persian
Religion
Monotheism
Good went to
Heaven
Bad went to
Hell
19
Persian Art
Persepolis, Iran
Apadana with huge columns 60 feet tall
36 columns with bull-shaped tops
Reliefs on walls symbolize Persian guards called Immortals
10,000 Immortals protected the city and ruler
Large ramps leading to apadana enable chariots to enter hall
PERSIAN CONTRIBUTION
The Persian Garden refers to a tradition and style of garden design
Domes were an important part and constructed on the first large-scale in Persia
Rugs: Persian rug has a wide variety designs and styles, and trying to organize them in to a category is a very difficult task. Materials used in carpets, including wool and cotton, decay. The dyes used to create the coloring are all from plants, roots and other natural substances. The art of carpet-weaving in Persia is at least 3500 years old.
PERSIAN MEDICINE
Iran's traditional medicine has its roots in Greek, Indian and Egyptian medicine
Fees varied according to the sex, age, ad wealth of the patient
In case of abortion, father, daughter and the operator were punished
The fatherless were to be supported in the society
Medicine and religion were related
Surgeries took place such as cranial and caesarian operation
References:
www.powershow.com
www.slideshare.net
* https://en.wikipedia.org