Ancient Rome

Ancient RomeMs. Orville

Do Now: Where in the world is Rome?

Label:Mediterranean SeaAdriatic SeaTyrrhenian SeaIonian Sea

Tiber RiverPo River

Major Areas:Rome CarthageCorsicaSicilySardinia

Mountains:AlpsApennine MountainsMt Etna (Volcano)Mt Vesuvius (Volcano)

VocabularyRepublic- a type of government in which citizens select, have the right to choose, their leadersConsul- a person elected by the Roman Senate, led the Roman Republic and commanded the armyVeto- the power to reject or stop passage of a lawDictator- a ruler who has absolutely power & authority Twelve Tablets- group of laws, 451 BCE foundation of Roman law

VocabularyProvince- self-governing region of an empireColosseum- large amphitheater built in Rome 70 CE. Contests & combats- large sports area Aqueduct- large stone structure built by Romans to carry water long distance Polytheism- a belief in more then one godCensus- official count of people living in a placeArch- curved structure used as a support over an open space, as in a doorway

Vocabulary- peopleEmperor- male ruler of an empirePatrician- a member of a wealthy familyPlebeian- ordinary citizenGladiator- a person, often a slave, prisoner of war, or criminal who fought in the Roman Colosseum to entertain the publicDisciple- a follower of a person or belief Martyr- a person who dies for a causeMercenary- a soldier who serves for pay in a foreign army. Fights for pay, not loyaltyPope- head of the Roman Catholic church

Building an EmpireRomes victory in the Punic Wars resulted expansion of the RepublicSmall republic EmpireItalian Peninsula *Across 3 continentsStrong Roman governmentDivided new territory into separate statesRuled by a Roman governor Collected taxesSent $ RomeAllowed new territories to maintain their customs

The rise of Julius CaesarLed army that conquered GaulCaptured huge amounts of goldStrong leadership won him loyalty Brought army back to Italy and had a war against the senate Became dictator of Rome Took a lot of power from the senate45 BCE: became the only consul44 BCE: became dictator for lifeToo similar to a king, Romans didnt like itMarch 15th, 44 BCE senate assassinated him

Octavian AugustusAugustus- honored one

Popular general god like emperor

Massive building projects

Peace & good government

Pax RomanaRoman Peace200 yearsLargest empireTrade flourished

Athenian Golden age Vs. Pax Romanahttp://prezi.com/59furyau0bjf/athenian-golden-age-vs-pax-romana/

Colosseum

Arch of Titus

GladiatorsGladius- sword

Slaves, prisoners, condemned criminalsForm of entertainmentFights to the death

Fall of the Roman EmpirePoliticalThe dictatorial government was frequently inefficient & corruptDid not command peoples loyaltyVast EmpirePrimitive transportation & communicationCould not be governed efficientlyRivalry over the throneResulted in Civil WarsForgot about the SenateArmy settled political issuesEconomicSmall farmers abandoned their land became workers on large estatesLost incentive to improve farming methods/increase productionSelf-sufficient large estates hurt trade & slowed industryHeavy taxationSlavesCaused plebeian unemploymentFall of the Roman EmpireSocial Reasons

Interests: Luxury & survivalPatriotism, service, hard work, & morality- GONESharp class distinctionsUpper class= wealthy & educatedLower class= poor & ignorantSocial castesFathers occupation became childrens occupation

CitiesDeclined as people fled to rural regionsRomans forgot their pastLost sense of identity & values

Fall of the Roman EmpireWarlike spirit weakened by Christian teachings of peaceMercenaries- hired foreignersUncertain loyaltyContinuous overthrowing of emperorsArmies considered themselves masters of the state

Military Reasons