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Animal Farm George Orwell. Mrs. Caruso Day 1 Notes. Context. 1. An allegory is a story of symbols. 2. Some of the most famous uses of allegory were the parables used by Jesus in order to teach using secret code. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Animal FarmAnimal FarmGeorge OrwellGeorge Orwell
Mrs. CarusoDay 1 Notes
ContextContext1. An allegory is a story of symbols.2. Some of the most famous uses of
allegory were the parables used by Jesus in order to teach using secret code.
3. An allegory can be used to teach something very important to someone very young.
4. Some of the most famous, Animal Farm, The Wizard of Oz and The Chronicles of Narnia.
Allegory is like an Allegory is like an Iceberg….Iceberg….A story with 2 levelsA story with 2 levels
Roots of Orwell’s Animal Roots of Orwell’s Animal FarmFarmThe BourgeoisieAnd The Proletariat
ExpositionExpositionTime: early 1800’s
Place: Europe
Major Characters:Those who own the factoriesThose who work in the factories
ExpositionExpositionIt all started with the Industrial
Revolution……
Exposition (you don’t have to Exposition (you don’t have to write these down)write these down)Four major advances of the
Industrial Revolution1. Power: coal and water used to
move large objects2. Agriculture: cotton replaces
wool for cloth material3. Transportation: better roads;
new railroads4. Factories: machines now do
the strong work
Initiating EventThe first point of conflict was the
birth of factories.1. People needed to work in
factories to make money.2. Big business beat out small
business.3. Cities become crowded, dirty,
unsafe.4. People are ANGRY and POOR
ExpositionExpositionThese advances lead to three primary
results1. Women and children become factory
workers2. A weaker workforce less able to take
care of itself3. Urbanization*Workers leave county and move to
cities*Cities become larger, filled with filth
and crime*Wealthy people move to the country
Initiating EventInitiating EventThe Birth of CapitalismThe Birth of Capitalism
Initiating EventInitiating EventCapitalism: the idea that a
nation’s economy must run without interference from the government. Trade and industry are controlled exclusively by private owners.
Initiating EventInitiating Event Capitalism is the first point of conflict because: Without interference from the government, there
were no rules regarding minimum wage or the number of hours people worked each week.
Factory owners set long hours and low wages. They could do this because of the large workforce that was available.
Factory owners become very rich very fast. They paid their governments (taxes and soft money) to stay out of their way.
No social mobility existed. Wealth controlled by a small percentage of the population.
Poverty skyrocketed. Hopelessness lead to resentment.
Rising ActionRising Action Given the situation so far, what do you think
happened? Factory conditions became dangerous Lawsuits- Government reaction: If you don’t like
the conditions, don’t work there. Sabotage Riots against factory owners Violent, often deadly reaction from the factory
owners who argue that they were only protecting their property. The government agrees. Triangle Shirt waist Factory Fire (owners locked the doors to be sure no one was taking extra breaks).
Resentment against the factory owners turned to resentment against the government.
Climax Climax An essay that changes An essay that changes
everythingeverything…..….. Karl Marx (1818-1883) Born in Germany Studies literature and
philosophy Travels throughout Europe
and observes the situation of the working class.
Settles in London Writes political and economic
philosophy. An IDEALIST- one who sees a
way to make a better world (in theory)
Work is funded by a wealthy friend, Friedrich Engles.
ClimaxClimaxThe Communist Manifesto (1848)The title refers to two words:1. Commune- a group of people
who SHARE all property and goods. No private property exists; therefore (ideally), everyone is equal.
2. Manifesto- a public declaration of principles and philosophy.
Bourgeoisie and Bourgeoisie and ProletariatsProletariats
ClimaxClimaxMarx interpreted history as a
struggle between two classes:The Bourgeoisie –those who own
the means of production, AKA: the employers, the “haves”, the upper class, the Capitalists.
The Proletariat – those who won nothing, but whose work produces wealth for the bourgeoisie. AKA: the employed, the “have-nots”, the working class.
ClimaxClimax The Communist Manifesto con’d Marx accuses the bourgeoisie of: Reducing the family to a relationship based on
money. Replacing local business with large corporations. Destroying the worker’s sense of individual identity
and turning him/her into a machine. Forcing nations to become dependent upon one
another through trade. Forcing the world to accept their way or else collapse
into poverty. Being responsible for the sabotage, riots, and
violence taking place in factories around the globe.
ClimaxClimaxMarx calls for the overthrow of
the bourgeoisie capitalists. They will be replaced by the communists.
ClimaxClimaxCommunism- a government in
which property is owned by the nation instead of individuals. Each citizen works for the common benefit.
ClimaxClimaxCommunist Manifesto Cont’dTwo disturbing aspects of
communism:1. No religion. Marx saw religion as
a bourgeoisie tool of propaganda to keep the proletariat weak and without power.
No liberal arts (literature, music, drama) unless they express the ideals of communism.
ClimaxClimaxThe Communist Manifesto“The Communists disdain to conceal
their views and aims. They openly declare that their ends can be attained only by FORCIBLE OVERTHROW of all existing social conditions. Let the ruling classes tremble at communistic revolution. The proletarians have nothing to lose but their chains. They have the world to win.
Workers of the world, unite!”
Falling ActionFalling Action If you were a “bourgeoisie,” how would you respond? Business people and politicians realized that Marx was right
about one thing-they were outnumbered by an angry and potentially powerful working class. They suddenly started listening to the problems of workers in the lower classes.
New reforms rose up in a few nations:1. Laws passed regulating wages.2. Laws passed regulating hours in a
work week.3. Workers gained the right to form
unions and negotiate contracts.4. Public schools were formed to teach
children about life, liberty, and the pursuit of a free market economy.
ResolutionResolutionCommunists: those who fight for the
violent overthrow of the bourgeoisie and any government that supports them.
Socialists: those who fight for workers’ rights through peaceful legislative reform. They call for a gradual decline of the bourgeoisie and a redistribution of wealth and property.
The Socialist government is known as SOCIALISM.
ResolutionResolutionIn nations that do not ignore Marx:Workers –gain rights and powerOwners-remain alive and in power
In nations that do ignore Marx:Workers-remain hateful and resentful Owners-remain wealthy and in power(Animal Farm is based on Russia-
where no workers’ reforms were created.)
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