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Animal Nutrition . Nutrients Carbohydrates Fats Proteins Vitamins C and D Calcium Iron Fiber Ingestion Egestion Minerals (Salts, Calcium and Iron) Balanced Diet Starvation Metabolism Digestion Absorption Assimilation Malnutrition Villi. Vitamins and Minerals. Nutrition . - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Animal Nutrition • Nutrients• Carbohydrates• Fats• Proteins• Vitamins C and D• Calcium• Iron• Fiber• Ingestion• Egestion
• Minerals (Salts, Calcium and Iron)
• Balanced Diet• Starvation• Metabolism• Digestion• Absorption• Assimilation• Malnutrition• Villi
Vitamins and Minerals
Nutrition
• Taking in nutrients which are organic substances and mineral ions, containing raw materials or energy for growth and tissue repair, absorbing and assimilating them.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s06XzaKqELk
Balanced Diet
• A well-balanced diet provides enough energy and nutrition for optimal growth and development.– New York Times
Malnutrition
• Malnutrition is the condition that occurs when your body does not get enough nutrients.– Starvation (not enough nutrients)– Coronary Heart disease (Too much fats)– Constipation (not enough fiber)
Human Digestive System
• Digestion is the breakdown of nutrients to a level that can be used by cells of the body.
• Structures– GI tract (mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach,
small intestine, large intestine)– Accessory (teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gall
bladder, pancreas)
BioEd Online
Human Digestive System Diagram
Villi
Mouth
Liver
Pharynx
StomachLarge Intestine
Small Intestine
Esophagus
BioEd Online
Mechanical and Chemical Digestion
• Mechanical– Chewing
• Teeth – Peristalsis
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rJS-Kh5wCQU
• Chemical– Alimentary Canal
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZeUlh9Cou38– (only watch until you
hear what an alimentary canal is)
– Enzymes• Amylase• Protease• Lipase
Teeth
• Incisors – cutting
• Canine – tearing
• Premolars and Molars- Grinding
Amylase
• In human saliva
• Breaks down starches into sugars.
• Located in your mouth.
Saliva
Protease
• Breaks down Protein– (get it PROtease -> PROtein)
• Is in your pancreas.
Lipase
• Breaks down fat• Found in your stomach
Absorption
• The movement of digested food molecules through the wall of the intestine into the blood.
Assimilation
• Movement of digested food molecules into the cells of the body where they are used becoming part of the cells.
Ingestion
• The process of taking in food
Egestion• The removal of undigested food.