Animals

Animals

Basic reference: Chapters 32 - 35

Taxonomy: Kingdom Animalia contains well over 30 phyla basic categories:

invertebrates - animals without a backbone

vertebrates - animals with a backbone

Comparison of numbers…..

Invertebrates (99%)

Vertebrates (1%)

We’re in the minority!!

While vertebrates tend to be larger animals, there are many more species of invertebrates!!

Studying Animal Groups…..

Typical animal characteristics

Review of symmetry

Review of invertebrate groups

Typical Characteristics of Animals

heterotrophs have mobility by way of muscle cells multicellular cell features:

• eukaryotic• diploid (with haploid sex cells)• flexible cells that lack cell walls• most have cells arranged into tissues• property of cell recognition

ingest (eat), then digest their food most reproduce sexually

most form a blastula during early development, with later development of 3 primary (germ) tissue layers

(p. 625)

most have a definite body plan

*** Structure is related to lifestyle and function.

symmetry - arrangement of body parts(see p. 624)

Kinds of symmetry:• asymmetrical• radial symmetry• bilateral symmetry

have dorsal and ventral surfaces have anterior and posterior ends show cephalization - concentration of nervous tissue

at the anterior end of an organism

Nature of the Coelom

Kinds of symmetry?

Identify each of the following organisms as to their symmetry:

Porifera Examples: sponges

Cnidaria Examples: jellyfish, hydra, sea anemones, and corals

Platyhelminthes (flatworms)

Examples: planarian, tapeworms, and flukes

Nematoda (roundworms) Examples: nematodes, Ascaris, Necator (hookworm), and

Trichinella

Rotifera

Examples: rotifers

Mollusca Examples: clams, snails, oysters, octopuses, and

cuttlefishes

Annelids Examples: earthworms and leeches

Arthropoda Examples: insects, arachnids, crustaceans

Echinodermata

Examples: sea stars, sea urchins, and sand dollars

Invertebrate chordates Examples: tunicates and lancelets

This project is funded by a grant awarded under the President’s Community Based Job Training Grant as implemented by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Employment and Training Administration (CB-15-162-06-60). NCC is an equal opportunity employer and does not discriminate on the following basis: against any individual in the United States, on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age disability, political affiliation or belief; andagainst any beneficiary of programs financially assisted under Title I of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998 (WIA), on the basis of the beneficiary’s citizenship/status as a lawfully admitted immigrant authorized to work in the United States, or his or her participation in any WIA Title I-financially assisted program or activity..

Disclaimer

This workforce solution was funded by a grant awarded under the President’s Community-Based Job Training Grants as implemented by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Employment and Training Administration.  The solution was created by the grantee and does not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Labor.  The Department of Labor makes no guarantees, warranties, or assurances of any kind, express or implied, with respect to such information, including any information on linked sites and including, but not limited to, accuracy of the information or its completeness, timeliness, usefulness, adequacy, continued availability, or ownership.  This solution is copyrighted by the institution that created it.  Internal use by an organization and/or personal use by an individual for non-commercial purposes is permissible.  All other uses require the prior authorization of the copyright owner.