Anna Mudge

Chris Green

Julianne DeMars

Justin Bernardo

Deep in religious problems associated with the Protestant Revolution

Holy Roman Empire 1500-1600

Martin Luther’s 95 Theses

Rejected Catholic ideals, most significantly the selling of indulgences

Salvation can be achieved through good deeds alone

1517

Peace of Augsburg

Agreement between Charles V and Protestant princes

Allowed princes to decide their land’s religion

Religious freedom

1555

Charles V

Extremely Catholic

Suppress Protestantism

Wished for son to rule after him

Protestant Revolution

Diet of Worms Diet of Speyer Peace of

Augsburg

1519 – 1556

Deterioration of the Holy Roman Empire during the Napoleonic Wars

Holy Roman Empire 1700

Constant power struggles between Austria and Prussia

German Empire 1871

Congress of Vienna

Metternich secures valuable treaties, weakening France

European Congress system (balance of power)

Secured Germany’s power in Europe

1815

Era of Suppression

The Holy Alliance (Russia, Austria, Prussia) suppresses liberal movements

Carlsbad Decrees by Metternich to censor liberal thought

Steps to prevent revolution

After Napoleonic Wars

North German Confederation

Preceded by the ineffective German Confederation

Most German states, excluding Austria

Otto von Bismarck

Leads to the German Empire

1866 – 1871

Otto von Bismarck

No co-operation with Austria any longer

“…great questions of today will be settled by… blood and iron.”

Subdue any challengers

Blood and Iron Speech Austro-Prussian War German Unification Franco-Prussian War

1862 – 1890

Forced into depression due to WWI reparations, loss of territories and hyper inflation

German 1900’s (Before WW1)

Conquering of Europe by Nazi Germany

Germany 1939 (WW2 Expansion)

Loss in WWII leads to division of Germany among the victorious Allies

Germany (Cold War)

World War II

Second world conflict enacted by Germany, in desperation

Almost single-handedly conquered Europe

Nazi propaganda used to justify war

1939 – 1945

The Holocaust

Genocide of over 6 million Jews by Nazi Germany

Extreme devotion by Germans

Propaganda Horror of Anti-

Semitism Most well known

event in Germany

1939? – 1945

German Separation

Split among victorious Allies (US, Great Britain, France, USSR)

Democratic West and Communist East

Hadn’t been separated since 1871

Damaged German unity

1945 – 1989

Adolf Hitler

1920 Formed Nationalist Socialist German Workers Party (Nazi)

1933 Elected Chancellor 1939 Invades Poland,

WWII begins Over 6 million Jews

slaughtered Great Depression 1936 Berlin Olympics Holocaust World War II

1933 – 1945

West and East Germany united

Germany (Now)

Treaty of Moscow

Treaty between Germany and USSR

Served as a model and political basis of future European co-operation

Preserved division between East and West Germany

1970

Fall of the Berlin Wall

East and West Germany unified

Physical breakdown and symbolic downfall of Communism

1989

Helmut Kohl

Lead the Rhine-Palatinate Christian Democratic Union to victory in national elections

First Chancellor of Unified Germany

Fall of Berlin Wall Collapse of Communism Erich Honecker visits

Germany West Germany wins

Football World Cup

1982 – 1990