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Annual Meeting 2004CrossRef

Publishers International Linking Association, Inc

Charles Hotel, Cambridge, MA

November 9th, 2004

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The Internet and CrossRef

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Strategic Start• Requirement: meet users expectations to add value

to e-journals that don’t exist in print by enabling reference linking between scholarly journals

• Tactical Problem: Bi-lateral agreements between publishers were not scalable across thousands of journals

• Strategic Solution: Set up industry-wide collaboration and a standard way to link references

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Strategic Start• Result: independent not-for-profit

membership association founded on collaboration– Governed by scholarly publisher members

• Result: technical and business infrastructure– Reference linking service and rules– DOI Registration Agency

• Registration of metadata and unique, persistent identifiers (DOIs)

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Mission Statement

• To provide services that bring the scholar to authoritative primary content, focusing on services that are best achieved through collective agreement by publishers

• Focus on benefits to end users – readers of online scholarly content

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Challenges going into ‘04– Strategic issue – how to increase use of DOI

linking?• Solution: remove DOI retrieval fee

– Strategic issue – how to deal with uncertainty of revenue coming from variable fees?

• Solution: increase annual member fee as % of overall revenue and develop new membership categories

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Challenges going into ‘04– Substantial fee changes were carefully planned

but entailed risks– Annual membership fee revenue was

significantly below budget– Denial of tax exempt status

• CrossRef is a not-for-profit that pays tax

• Taxes paid for 2000-2004

• Re-applied for tax exempt status in September 2004

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Review of 2004• Despite challenges CrossRef has had a very good

year• Substantial growth across the board • Finances are sound with a strong cash position• Significant hardware, software and network

upgrades• New Services and Features:

– Forward Linking, Stored Queries, Component Deposits, Unified Queries, Web Deposit Form, Local Hosting Data, Multiple Resolution

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Review of 2004• Improved publisher uptake and compliance• Increase deposits of books, reference works

and conferences• New content types – components and

technical reports• Database records being considered (theses and

dissertations and patents on the radar)

• CrossRef Search Pilot

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Governance• By-laws revised in July

– Quorum for annual meeting changed from one-half of members to one-third

– More formal procedures for membership applications (publishers of primary original scholarly content available online)

– Creation of Audit Committee of the board– More formal procedures on setting up board

committees

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CrossRef – firmly established

• 330 Members• 733 Participating publishers• 12.7 million DOIs • 10,400 Journals, 3,300 Books,

5,800 Conference Proceedings• 5.5 million DOI clicks per month

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Backfiles

• Oldest content in CrossRef

• Vol 1, Issue 1, 1823, The Lancet

doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(01)18836-7

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Publishing Industry Role

• ISO ISSN Revision Committee

• International DOI Foundation (IDF)– 9 Registration Agencies– Registration Agency Working Group (RAWG)– Interest from other sectors - government

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Use of CrossRef DOIs• USE DOIs and GET OTHERS TO USE THEM

– Include DOIs in all external data feeds to third parties– Establish DOIs as preferred mechanism for links to full text

articles– Educate end users to use DOIs in citations and linking– Display DOIs in online and print journals as a standard part

of bibliographic data

• Encourage use of DOIs by secondary publishers• Goal: DOIs in citation exports to reference manager

software (ProCite, EndNote)• Goal: move forward on journal title DOIs

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Strategic Issues Going Forward

• What gets assigned a CrossRef DOI?– Started with journals moving to books and

conference proceedings– Components of articles (tables, images, etc),

technical reports, database entries– New types: theses and dissertations and patents

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Strategic Issues Going Forward• What about pre-prints, self-archived author copies of

articles and Institutional Repositories?– What is “original”, non-duplicative content?– Discuss issues with libraries and IR providers

• Open Access– CrossRef is business model neutral – all types of publishers

welcome– Disruption in industry – publishers willing to add value by

adding reference links? – Reduced industry cooperation?

• Access, authentication and payment mechanisms