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Annual Report of the
Ministry of Forests
for the fiscal year ended March 31, 1992
Province of British Columbia Ministry of Forests
tionourable Dan Miller, Minister
The National Library of Canada has catalogued this publication as follows: British Columbia. Ministry of Forests.
Annual report of the Ministry of Forests for the fiscal year ended March 31. . . -- 1989-
Continues in part : British Columbia. Ministry of Forests and Lands. Annual report of the Ministry of Forests and Lands, ISSN 0838-3154
Report year ends Mar. 31. ISSN 1184-003X = Annual report of the Ministry of
Forests (Victoria)
1. British Columbia. Ministry of Forests - Periodicals. 2. Forest policy - British Columbia - . Periodicals. I. Title.
SD14.B7B72 354.7110682’338’05 C91-081992-o
I ,
June 1, 1993
Lieutenant-Governor of British Columbia in Council Parliament Buildings Victoria, British Columbia
May It Please Your Honour:
Herewith I respectfully submit the Annual Report of the Ministry of Forests for the fiscal year ended March 31, 1992.
Dan Miller Minister of Fore:sts
May 31, 1993
The Honourable Dan Miller Minister of Forests Parliament Buildings Victoria, British Columbia
Sir:
I have the honor to submit the Annual Report of the Ministry of Forests for the fiscal year ended March 31, 1992.
Philip Halkett Deputy Minister Ministry of Forests
I. The Ministry of Forests ........................................................... Prologue .............................................................................
Legislative authority ...................................................................
Commitment to corporate goals .........................................................
Corporate values ......................................................................
Reports .............................................................................. The Ministry’s structure ...............................................................
Headquarters organization ........................................................... Executive Public Affairs Branch Economics and Trade Branch Corporate Policy and Planning Branch
Forestry Division .................................................................... Integrated Resources Branch Inventory Branch Forest Science Research Branch Silviculture Branch Recreation Branch Range Branch
Operations Division ................................................................. Regional organization.. ............................................................ District organization ...............................................................
Management Services, Division ....................................................... Financial Services Branch Information Systems Branch Human Resources IBranch Technical and Administrative Services Branch Audit Services Branch
II. Program reports ................................................................... Introduction ........................................................................ Management Services ..................................................................
Public Affairs and Library Services .................................................... Corporate Policy and Planning .......................................................
EconomicsandTrade ..................................................................
Harvesting ...........................................................................
Research .............................................................................
Forest Protection ......................................................................
Integrated Resource Management .......................................................
Resource Planning .....................................................................
Range Management ...................................................................
Recreation Management ...............................................................
Inventory ............................................................................
Fire Suppression ......................................................................
Forest Renewal Program ...............................................................
Sustainable Environment Fund .........................................................
Silviculture Programs Overview ........................................................
7
8 9
10 11
12 12 14 16 20
21
24
28 31
34
35
37
38
41
43
45
46
50
III.
Small Business Forest Enterprise Program .......................
South Moresby Implementation .................................
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Summary Financial and Statistical Tables ................................... Table 1: Revenue in 1991-92, by category, by region .................................
Table 2: Expenditure and full-time equivalents (FTEs) in 1991-92, by source of funds ...
Table 3: Expenditures in 1991-92, by category, by region .............................
Table 4: Productive forest land in 1991-92 in timber supply areas and tree farm licences, by region ................................................................
Table 5: Deletion of land from provincial forests in 1991-92, by region .................
Table 6: Changes in the not-satisfactorily-restocked Crown land in 1991-92 .............
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. . 66
. . 67
. . 68
58
61
6-l
64 65
66
IV. Detailed Financial Tables .._............. __............... ;I I
A-l
B- 1
B- 2
c- 1
D-l D-2
E- 1
F- 1 G-l
G-2
H-l I- 1
J- 1 K- 1
K-l*
L- 1
M-l
Minister’s office expenditures in 1991-92, by category of expenditure ................. 70
Management Services - Forest Renewal Plan expenditures in 1991-92, by activity ..... 70
Management Services - support for other program expenditures in 1991-92, by activity ...................................................................... 71
Harvesting expenditures in 1991-92, by activity, by region ........................... 72
Research - Forest Renewal Plan expenditures in 1991-92, by activity, by region ....... 73
Research - support for other program expenditures in 1991-92, by activity, by region 73
Forest protection expenditures in 1991-92, by activity, by region ...................... 74
Integrated resources management expenditures in 1991-92, by activity, by region ....... 75
Inventory - Forest Renewal Plan expenditures in 1991-92, by activity, by region ...... 76
Inventory - support for other program expenditures in 1991-92, by activity, by region ....................................................................... 76
Direct fire-fighting expenditures in 1991-92, by activity, by region .................... 77
Fire preparedness expenditures in 1991-92, by activity, by region ..................... 77
Silviculture support expenditures in 1991-92, by activity, by region 78
Sustainable Environment Fund - Forest Renewal expenditures in 1991-92, by activity, by region ....................................................................... 78
Silviculture expenditures under all ministry-funded forest renewal programs in 1991-92, by funding source, by program, by region .......................................... 79
Small Business Forest Enterprise Program expenditures in 1991-92, by activity, by region ....................................................................... 80
South Moresby Implementation expenditues in 1991-92, by activity, by region ......... 80
1: Detailed Statistical Tables ....................... c-2 to c-11 Harvesting .............................
E-2 to E-4 Protection ..............................
F-2 to F-6 Integrated Resources Management ........
K-2 to K-16 Silviculture .............................
L-2 to L-5 Small Business Forest Enterprise Program .
M-2 South Moresby Implementation ..........
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. .
. .
. .
4 ]
81-90
91-92
93-95
95-109 110-112
113
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Prologue
The Ministry of Forests manages and protects the province’s forest and range resources for the best balance of economic, social and environmental benefits to British Columbians, now and in the future.
The ministry administers resource stewardship for provincial forests, which cover 85 per cent of the province. These forests have a tremendous diversity of forest types. They are managed for timber, range, recreation, wildlife, fisheries, water, aesthetic, and other social and cultural values.
The timber is harvested on about 200 000 hectares annually which represents about one per cent of the area planned for eventual harvest. This harvest sustains the $10.2 billion forest sector, which is the main driver of the province’s economy and represents about $8,000 for every B.C. household.
In addition to providing valuable timber, our forests provide British Columbians with clean air and water, recreation, range, wildlife and other non-timber resources.
Rapidly changing social values require the ministry’s plans to be flexible to meet the public’s many and often conflicting demands. Accordingly, the ministry manages the forest land base in a consultative manner with the public, recognizing the unique role of aboriginal peoples.
We welcome your continued interest in the B.C. Forest Service, and extend to you an invitation to visit the B.C. Forest Service office nearest your home.
Highlights The forest sector generates more revenue and employs more people than any other industry in the province: about $10 billion, or half the value of British Columbia’s manufactured shipments; it directly employs 84,000 people; and, it is the main economic base of more than 100 smaller communities throughout the province. Revenue generation is balanced by the recreational opportunities, environmental benefits, and the long-term values of our majestic forests.
During 1991-92, many initiatives were undertaken to improve the resource management of our forests. Our approach to current issues involves constructive consultation, and greater effort towards consensus building.
Old Growth Strategy Several years ago it was recognized that the management of our old-growth forests required particular attention. On April 1, 1990, the government of British Columbia established an interdisciplinary public process known as the Old-Growth Strategy Project, which worked for two years to develop a suitable strategy. The Old
Growth Strategy Project continues to receive a high degree of public and interest group involvement, a key value in our approach to forest management.
Commission on Resources and the Environment The Commission on Resources and the Environment (C.O.R.E.), was announced by the government in January, 1992. Former ombudsman Stephen Owen was appointed to head the new commission. C.O.R.E. is charged with developing a strategic land-use plan and process for the province. Included in its mandate is the effective evaluation of regional protected area candidates within an overall provincial context.
Timber Supply Review The Forest Service is carrying out a three-year timber supply review to ensure that the combined implications of integrated resource management policy and practices, and current information on the timber supply are fully accounted for in allowable annual cuts. This review will provide benchmark data on which to base future directions in forest management.
Silviculture More than 226 million seedlings were planted in 1991, almost double the number planted in 1980. The survival rate is now up to 87 per cent from below 60 per cent in 1980. This was accomplished through improved seedling quality and improved planting and site preparation techniques. Improved natural regeneration, survey techniques, and research also enabled us to further reduce the amount of backlog area still considered not satisfactorily reforested.
The year 1991-92 also marked the beginning of the Canada, British Columbia Partnership Agreement on Forest Resource Development Agreement (ERDA II); a four year, (1991-1995), $200 million agreement cost-shared jointly between Canada and the Province of British Columbia. In 1991, the majority of FRDA II funding was directed to improving the value, quality and health of young forests through stand tending activities such as, spacing pruning and fertilizing.
First Nations Involvement In November 1991, the Task Force on Native Forestry presented recommendations on ways to increase the involvement of aboriginal peoples in the forest sector. The Forest Service will be using those recommendations to examine ways to increase aboriginal participation in the forestry sector.
Forest Resources Commission The Forest Resources Commission’s report, The Futtlre of Our Forests, was released in May, 1991. It included 108 recommendations related to land-use planning and resource management.
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Puolic Involvement British Columbians are increasingly interested in the management of a number of highly valued natural resources ranging from timber to wildlife to water. They are educating themselves on the issues, pursuing more and more information, and insisting the Forest Service listen and act.
And that’s what we’re doing. In 1991, we held a number of workshops and public forums to seek the participation of the public in identifying and evaluating our resources, and to receive feedback on forestry-related issues. Public consultation is a mandatory part of any planning project we initiate.
Legislative authority
The Ministry of Forests Act [Section 41 states the mandate. It is to:
“a. encourage maximum productivity of the forest and range resources in the Province;
b. manage, protect and conserve the forest and range resources of the Crown, having regard to the immediate and long-term economic and social benefits they may confer on the Province;
c. plan the use of the forest and range resources of the Crown, so that the production of timber and forage, the harvesting of timber, the grazing of livestock and the realization of fisheries, wildlife, water, outdoor recreation and other natural resource values are co-ordinated and integrated, in consultation and co- operation with other ministries and agencies of the Crown and with the private sector;
d. encourage a vigorous, efficient and world competitive timber processing industry in the Province; and,
e. assert the financial interest of the Crown in its forest and range resources in a systematic and equitable manner.”
Responsibilities and authorities are defined in:
l Ministry of Forests Act, Revised Statutes, 1979, Chapter 272;
l Forest Act, Revised Statutes, 1979, Chapter 140;
l Range Act, Revised Statutes, 1979, Chapter 355; and,
l Forest Stand Management Fund Act, 1986, Chapter 8.
The ministry has administrative responsibility for the Foresters Act, Revised Statutes, 1979, Chapter 141. An additional statute that affects the ministry is the Boom Chain Brand Act, Revised Statutes, 1979; Chapter 33.
Commitment to corporate goals
To implement its mandate, the ministry has made a corporate commitment to:
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grow healthy, productive forests to meet the province’s social and economic needs;
provide forest recreation and manage wilderness values in provincial forests;
manage and protect Crown forest lands to ensure sustainable development of our forests to provide: l timber for the forest industry; l forage for the livestock industry and wildlife; and, l protection of non-timber values;
ensure the province receives proper resource revenues from Crown forests and range;
encourage a vital, efficient, and world-competitive wood- processing industry;
ensure reforestation of Crown forest lands;
conduct research in forest renewal, forest productivity and decision aids, and integrated resource management;
protect the province’s forest and range resources from damage by fire, forest insects and diseases;
maintain a current and accurate inventory of forest and range values;
consult and involve the public in forest land management, recognizing the unique and increasing role of aboriginal peoples;
inform various audiences about the ministry’s mandates, goals, organization, policies, programs, products, services and achievements; and,
ensure the best balance of all these resource values through integrated resource management.
Integrated resource management is a process which:
l identifies and considers all resource values;
l evaluates land and resource management options based on biophysical, social, and economic factors;
l is guided by the principles of sustainable use and resource stewardship; and,
l plans for present land and resource uses and for changes in use over time.
To achieve integrated resource management, the ministry will:
l fairly and equitably consider social, economic and environmental factors;
l ensure consistency in resource management between government agencies by working co-operatively to deliver integrated resource management programs; and,
l work closely with the public to define land and resource use priorities.
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Corporate values
The ministry’s corporate values are to:
Fora t SuzQce s tlzff
in Dmus011 Creek
district office
maintain a commitment to get results, through effective programs and financial responsibility, and to maximize job opportunities;
encourage public and private sector participation in determining and achieving ministry objectives;
respond to client needs through efficient, timely and courteous service and decentralized responsibility and accountability;
develop innovative and entrepreneurial management that emphasizes excellence; and,
promote employment equity to ensure that women, aboriginal peoples, people with disabilities and visible minorities have equal access to employment and advancement.
Reports
The Ministry of Forests Act requires these reports to be prepared:
l a periodic analysis of the conditions, management, and future uses of the forest and range resources to enable the setting of overall priorities and long-term objectives;
l a five-year program updated annually, which sets schedules, methods and priorities for forest and range resource management and improvement; and,
l an annual report on the ministry’s programs and activities, including money spent and information on whether the resources entrusted were well-managed and value was received for money spent.
The Ministry’s structure
The ministry is structured to:
l manage the resources more effectively;
l decentralize decision-making to ensure efficient and highly responsive service to ministry clients;
l emphasize integrated resource management and forest product development and marketing;
l establish clear line-staff relationships;
l ensure accountability of managers;
l achieve excellence through a commitment to employees; and,
l provide an audit approach to management.
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Headquarters organization
The ministry has three divisions:
l Forestry;
l Operations; and,
l Management Services.
As shown in the organizational chart below, each division is headed by an assistant deputy minister. These three officials, together with the deputy minister as the chair, constitute the ministry’s executive.
Three branches of the ministry, headed by directors, report directly to the deputy minister. They are:
l Public Affairs;
l Economics and Trade; and,
l Corporate Policy and Planning.
Director Public Affairs
Director Economics and Trade
Director Corporate Policy and Planning I Assistant Deputy Minister Forestry, Chief Forester
Assistant Deputy Minister Operations
1 Assistant Deputy Minister ---I Management Services
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Forestry Division
The Forestry Division ensures all Crown forest lands are managed to provide the greatest long-term benefits for British Columbians.
The assistant deputy minister of this division is also the chief forester who determines the allowable annual cuts for timber supply areas and tree farm licences.
The Forestry Division is composed of the following branches:
l Integrated Resources;
l Inventory;
l Forest Science Research;
l Silviculture;
l Recreation; and,
l Range.
Each branch is headed by a director. The deputy chief forester also reports to the assistant deputy minister, Forestry Division.
I 1 v Deputy Chief Forester
I - I
FL Integrated ?Az?ikes Branch 1
DireEI Forest Science Research Branch
Director Recreation Branch I
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ODerations Division
The Operations Division is the largest in the ministry and is composed of six regional and 43 district offices.
Three branches are also part of this division: Protection, Valuation, and Timber Harvesting, which report through an executive director, Timber Administration.
Assistant Deputy Minister
! I I I I I I
4 Director Regional Manager Timber Harvesting Branch Vancouver Region
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Regional organization
The province is divided into six forest regions for administrative purposes, with each forest region subdivided into forest districts. Each region has a regional manager.
The organization of a forest regional office is shown below. Four regional staff managers - for forestry, management services,
integrated resource management, and timber, range, and recreation resources - provide advice and services to each regional manager and to the various district managers, who report to the regional manager.
Regional office personnel are responsible for servicing, co- ordinating and monitoring the activities of all field personnel operating out of district offices.
The staff of each regional office deveIops regional programs and plans, and ensures all policies, programs and procedures originating from ministry headquarters are administered consistently and effectively throughout the region.
Forest District Managers
Finance
Regional Staff Manager Management Services
_ Tech./Admin. Services
Human Resources
Systems
r-l Silviculture I
Regional Staff Manager Forestry
I
1 Protection
Forest Sciences
Regional Staff Manager Integrated Resource Management
Planning
Inventory
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District organization
The province is divided into 43 forest districts, each administered from its own district office by a district manager. Some districts also administer field offices.
The organization of a forest district office is shown below. Three or four district staff managers - for harvesting, integrated
resource management (existence determined by program necessity), forestry, and finance and administration - provide advice and services to each forest district manager.
Drafting
Off ice Services
Finance and Administration
Finance
Resource Services
Technical Services
Systems Services
Forest Operations Supervisor Forestry
Silviculture
Forest District Manager Operations Manager
Forestry L Recreation
Range
Protection
Forest Operations Supervisor Harvesting
Timber
Engineering
Integrated Resource Management (planning and inventory)
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Management Services Division
The Management Services Division provides professional, corporate staff advice and administrative services.
An executive co-ordinator, the manager, Freedom of Information and Privacy Section, and five branch directors report to the assistant deputy minister Management Services Division, who is also the ministry’s executive financial officer.
The branches are:
l Financial Services;
l Information Systems;
l Human Resources;
l Technical and Administrative Services; and,
l Audit Services.
Director Financial Services Branch
Information Systems Branch
Director Human Resources Branch
Director Technical and Administrative
Services Branch
Director Audit Services Branch
Executive Co-ordinator
Manager Freedom of Information
and Privacy Section
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Introduction
For convenient comparative reading, the program reports follow, as closely as possible, the structure of the government’s Estimates for the 1991-92 fiscal year.
The Estimates for the ministry include:
l Vote 34: Minister’s Office;
l Vote 35: Ministry Operations;
l Vote 36: Fire Suppression Program;
l Vote 37: Forest Renewal Program; and,
l A statutory special account for the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program; and,
l A statutory special account for South Moresby Implementation.
The following program reports focus on five of the above:
l Ministry Operations;
l Fire Suppression Program; l Forest Renewal Program, and;
l Special Accounts The Small Business Forest Enterprise Program; and, South Moresby Implementation Account.
Ministry Operations - Vote 35
The sub-votes (programs) are:
l Management Services: l forest renewal plan; and, l support for other programs;
l Harvesting (page 24);
l Research (page 28): l forest renewal plan; and, l support for other programs;
l Forest Protection (page 31);
l Integrated Resource Management (page 34); and,
l Inventory (page 41): l forest renewal plan; and, l support for other programs.
Fire Suppression Program - Vote 36
This program (page 43) funds the fighting and extinguishing of forest and range fires and includes related ex gratis payments.
The sub-votes are:
l Direct Fire-fighting; and,
l Fire Suppression Preparedness.
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Forest Renewal Program - Vote 37
This vote (page 45) funds ministry silvicultural and forest renewal initiatives and includes:
l Silviculture Support; and,
l Forest Renewal Program (page 45).
Special Accounts
l Small Business Forest Enterprise, (Table L-l): this program (page 58), funded by a special account, was established by an amendment to the Forest Act in 1988; and,
l South Moresby Implementation (replacement and compensation) (Table M-l): this account was established by the South Moresby Implementation Account Act in 1988.
As part of ongoing collection of forest inventory data,
staff gather grozoth and yield information,
Prince George forest region
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Management Services
Program description and goals The program’s goals are to:
l provide executive direction and co-ordination of the ministry’s administrative support services for the effective management of the ministry’s human, financial, information, and physical resources;
l provide administrative support services for all resource programs delivered through ministry offices located province-wide;
l contribute to the improvement and practicality of government management policies and practices; and,
l foster forestry research and the promotion of prudent forest management by providing grants for these activities.
The program’s administrative support services include:
l financial services: provides sound financial policies and systems, which are consistent with the Financial Administration Act’s control requirements;
l information systems: enables the ministry to make effective use of information technology for record keeping, processing of transactions, and meeting management needs for information;
l human resources: provides quality, integrated, staff services through human resource planning, training, development, recruitment and selection, occupational health and safety, labor relations, and employment equity initiatives, which are consistent with the PubIic Service Act and the Public Service Labour Relations Act;
l technical and administrative services: provides a comprehensive range of technical and specialized administrative services for the effective management of the ministry’s facilities, vehicles, equipment, assets, radio communication systems, and administrative functions; and,
l audit services: supports management in fulfilling its responsibilities by providing sound professional advice, independent and objective analyses, evaluations, and recommendations on those programs and activities examined.
Client situation The program’s clients are:
l the ministry’s executive, managers, and employees;
l the provincial government’s central agencies;
l the public;
l the forest and ranching industries; and,
l agencies involved in forestry research and in the promotion of forest management.
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Activities During 1991-92, work continued under the program to:
l simplify and improve the productivity and integration of the financial management policies, systems, and processes;
l promote employment equity and ensure availability of skilled staff through a major competency-based staffing initiative for forest technicians and field operations supervisors;
l increase the effectiveness of the audit function by undertaking more value-for-money audits and assessing controls in systems development;
l substantially complete a major redevelopment of the ministry’s revenue-management policies, business practices, and systems;
l expand, upgrade, and give district offices greater access to information systems to enable them to better meet the ministry’s business needs; and,
l provide expert advice to ministry officials on legal, financial, and technical matters.
Other activities included:
l administrative support for the operation of six forest regional offices and 43 forest district offices responsible for the delivery of all ministry programs;
l extending grants to agencies including: l the Festival of Forest Society; l the B.C. Forest Museum; and, l the B.C. Debris Control Program.
Expenditures Forecast expenditures were $119.2 million. Actual expenditures were $118.4 million. The major expenditure was $30.2 million for technical and administrative services. (Tables B-l, B-2).
Effects on clients This program enhances and promotes the effective and efficient delivery of the resource programs and ensures that statutory requirements are met (example: Financial Administration Act, Workers’ Compensafion Act ).
The program also provides grants to various forestry agencies.
Forecasts Significant investments were made toward enhancing the ministry’s revenue collection policies and systems.
Management Services will be challenged to realize the benefits of these investments as it moves from development to full implementation of these initiatives.
Attracting and retaining highly qualified staff will require greater effort and commitment toward staff recruitment and training.
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Public Affairs and Library Services Sub-program description and goals This sub-program, funded under the Management Services Program, co-ordinates the communication of information on the ministry’s mandate, goals, organization, policies, programs, products, services, and achievements to:
l staff (internal);
l the public (external), including: l organized groups and associations; l the news media; l the forest industry; 0 forest professionals; l other government agencies; l opinion leaders; and, l universities, colleges and schools.
It also provides: l an information resource service to staff and the public; and,
l consultation and advice to staff on communicating information, internally and externally, on the forest and range resources, programs, and issues.
Client situation Public interest in forest management practices continued to increase as local, continental and international news outlets focused attention on specific issues in the province. Public comments and requests for information on forest management issues reflected this increased interest.
Activities Communication plan
The ministry’s annual communication plan was developed, co-ordinated, implemented and evaluated.
Print communications
More than three dozen publications on various topics were printed or reprinted and distributed to all ministry offices, for dissemination to the public and to target audiences.
Backgrounder fact sheets were also produced dealing with major land-use issues and forest management.
The comprehensive booklet and summary pamphlet titled All Things Considered - Forest Management in British Columbia was updated, translated into German, and reprinted on recycled paper.
The branch also produced one new full-color poster - the B.C. World poster, reprinted the Tree Book, and published the ministry’s annual report, in addition to an internal newsletter, public discussion papers, forest protection and fire suppression posters, and recreation site maps.
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Media relations
More than 200 news releases, guest editorials, statements from the minister, and letters to the editor were distributed to the media, in addition to responding to numerous requests by the media for information.
Visual communications
The visual communications section:
l distributed the All Things Considered - Forest Management in British Columbia video information kits to high schools throughout the province;
l produced and distributed to all Forest Service offices Accept The Challenge, a video highlighting the wide variety of employment opportunities within the field of forest management;
l co-produced The Asian Gypsy Moth Threat video with Agriculture Canada to help inform Greater Vancouver residents about the proposed aerial and ground spray program. The video was translated into six languages to address the variety of ethnic backgrounds within the spray zone;
l co-produced with Human Resources and Protection Branches Helicopter - Safety and Survival, a comprehensive video training package;
l produced the video titled The Upper Bozuron River Watershed, which profiles the successful reforestation of the area;
l produced the Old Growth in a New Age video, highlighting the progress made under the ministry’s Old Growth Strategy Project. The video was presented at open houses throughout the province;
l produced an interactive video disc for the Touch Your Foresfs computer information prototype being developed by Silviculture Branch. The disc provides video footage of forestry activities accessible by a touch-screen computer terminal;
l added 5,000 images to the photographic image bank, bringing the total to approximately 10,000 photographs. More than 200 requests for photographs were handled by the section; and,
l produced a set of graphic slides based on statistical tables and program highlights from the ministry’s 1990-91 Annual Report.
Advertising
Approximately 100 newspaper, magazine and radio ads were placed to:
l inform the public about public information meetings. These meetings provide a forum for people in their community to discuss forest management practices and provide opportunities for people to provide input into the process;
l invite the public to official openings of new ministry facilities;
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l invite the public to a variety of special events, lectures, exhibitions, conferences, and educational activities throughout the province;
l invite the public to attend forest-related activities and open houses during National Forest Week;
l inform the international marketplace about changing forest practices;
l inform the public about fire prevention. Fire prevention radio ads were updated and distributed to radio stations across the province. Newspaper advertising supplemented this campaign; and,
l inform the public about projects such as the Asian Gypsy Moth spray program in the Greater Vancouver area.
Special events/promotions
Official openings for four new ministry facilities and 12 promotional events were organized.
Events ranged from participating in Service Quality Week to organizing province-wide participation in National Forest Week.
Public inquiries
Branch staff responded to a weekly average of more than 500 phone calls and 55 written and personal requests for information about ministry programs, products, services and publications.
Library
The ministry’s library undertook these activities:
l ordered and catalogued 1,300 books and reports;
l handled 7,646 reference questions, directory and library material requests;
l loaned out 7,646 items;
l conducted 240 database searches;
l obtained 921 inter-library loans; and,
l distributed 1,876 reprints.
The library contains 48,000 reports and books and subscribes to 350 journals.
Expenditures Forecast expenditures were $1.09 million under the Management Services Program. Actual expenditures were $1.08 million (Table B-2). This does not include expenditures for projects implemented with other programs and agencies.
Effects on clients Public inquiries and demand for ministry pamphlets, brochures, maps, videos, reports, and other printed material indicated a keen interest in the ministry’s programs.
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The sub-program’s effectiveness was indicated by:
l the news media’s use of ministry news releases;
l verbal and written responses to newspaper and radio ads; and,
l client demand for resource material.
Positive responses to the ministry’s publications, videos, special events, and promotions demonstrated that the public viewed the program as necessary, educational, and informative.
Forecasts Current research indicates the public’s interest in forest management in the province will continue along with a demand for more information on evolving issues.
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Corporate Policy and Planning
Program description and goals The Corporate Policy and Planning Branch was created during the 1991-92 fiscal year by the amalgamation of the Strategic Planning and Analysis Branch with the aboriginal issues section of the Land Use Policy Branch.
This branch, funded under the Harvesting Program, provides a staff function to co-ordinate and develop the ministry’s:
l corporate planning and policy development activities;
l policy responses to current and emerging issues;
l initiatives relating to aboriginal economic development and land claims;
l legislative program; and,
l contributions to various inter-ministry policy and planning initiatives.
Client situation The sub-program’s clients are primarily the ministry’s executive and senior managers.
Activities During 1991-92, the activities under the sub-program included the:
l co-ordination of the Native Task Force on Forestry;
l provision of support for field staff in addressing aboriginal concerns;
l co-ordination of the ministry’s response to interagency initiatives;
l preparation and co-ordination of the ministry’s legislative program, including amendments to the Range Act and the Forest Act;
l preparation of the Five Year Forest and Range Resource Program 1991-96; and,
l continued co-ordination of corporate planning and organizational activities.
Expenditures Expenditures were $0.7 million under the Harvesting Program.
20
Economics and Trade
Program description and goals The Economics and Trade Branch was created during the 1991-92 fiscal year by the amalgamation of the Economics and Revenue Policy Branch and the Industry Development Branch.
The Economics and Trade Branch analyses and directs the preparation of policy assessments in the areas of resource economics, industry economics, forest resource revenue, forest products trade, and log exports.
Goals of the branch are:
l to develop policies which foster the development and economic health of the province’s forest resource and forest industry;
l to advise the government on forest-related trade policy matters such as the softwood lumber disagreement with the United States, log exports, and trade issues;
l to prepare economic analyses of a broad range of forest resource matters such as timber supply and demand economics, alternative forest management practices, and project benefit/cost analyses; and,
l to provide funding for forest products research.
Client situation
The industry was in the midst of a cyclical downturn in 1991:
l total shipments were $10.2 billion, down by 12 per cent from 1990;
l after-tax losses of the publicly traded forest products companies based in the province totalled approximately $350 million, compared to a profit of $130 million in 1990;
l estimated capital and repair expenditures for 1991 were $2.4 billion, down from actual expenditures of $3.4 billion in 1990; and,
l direct employment averaged 84,000 in 1991, down five per cent from 1990.
Lumber
Lumber production decreased by six per cent to 13.3 billion board feet in 1991.
The price of spruce-pine-fir 2x4s averaged US $187 per 1,000 board feet in 1991, ranging from US $152 to US $243.
The North American lumber market weakened in 1991 as U.S. housing starts dropped to 1.0 million units, down from 1.2 million in 1990. Lumber shipments to the U.S. were down two per cent to 7.3 billion board feet.
Offshore lumber shipments were down three per cent to 3.2 billion board feet.
21
Vdzie-added mill
proskIes qwnlit!y log
home construction
for comamers
Pulp Shipments of northern, bleached, softwood, kraft pulp (NBSKP) were up by 16 per cent to 3.5 million tonnes in 1991. Shipments increased as producers lowered prices in an attempt to regain market share.
By the end of 1991, the price of NBSKP was US $490 per tonne, down significantly from US $750 a year earlier and from the cyclical high of US $840 last recorded in early 1990.
Newsprint Newsprint production decreased by 14 per cent to 1.5 million tonnes in 1991. Weak demand and excess capacity, attributable to new machines coming on stream, contributed to a bad year for newsprint producers.
The U.S. west coast price of standard newsprint decreased throughout 1991 and at year end was down nearly 20 per cent from the cyclical high established in early 1990.
Plywood Plywood production was 1.4 million cubic metres (about 1.6 billion square feet, 3/-inch basis), in 1991, down 13 per cent.
More than 85 per cent of the plywood produced in British Columbia is consumed within Canada. Canadian housing starts totalled 156,000 units in 1991, down 14 per cent from 1990.
Shakes and shingles Exports of shakes and shingles, more than 98 per cent of which went to the U.S., were down 12 per cent.
The 35 per cent duty imposed by the U.S. in June 1986 has been gradually reduced and was finally eliminated in June 1991.
Value-added wood products In recent years the industry, with encouragement from government, has started programs to encourage value-added processing in the wood products industry.
Jointly-fund d e programs have wide support throughout the industry. The objectives of these programs are to:
l develop market and technical information;
l promote B.C.-made value-added wood products;
l participate in regional and international trade shows and missions; and,
l encourage improved use of the wood resource.
Activities The program’s activities included:
l meeting with investors to explore opportunities in the forest products industry;
l reviewing proposals for new forest tenures;
l providing economic advice and analysis of forestry related issues;
l making presentations at seminars and trade conventions;
l funding support for wood products research;
l reviewing forestry projects under the Major Product Review Process;
l reviewing trade issues affecting the forest products industry;
l publishing and distributing a directory of wood-processing plants in the province; and,
l co-ordinating and funding economics and trade related research projects.
Expenditures Expenditures were $5.7 million (Table C-l). A major expenditure was $1.95 million to support wood products research.
NOTE: The $5.7 million figure includes expenditures by the former Industry Development Branch ($2.8 million) and the former Economics and Revenue Policy Branch ($2.9 million). In addition to the above, expenditures through these branches were funded from the Sustainable Environment Fund.
Effects on clients The British Columbia forest industry is:
l actively developing new manufacturing processes to encourage value-added processing and better use of the resource; and,
l broadening its marketing base by promoting its products world-wide.
Forecasts The efforts to diversify markets and products along with improved technology in timber processing will help the industry take advantage of new opportunities for wood products and moderate its current cyclical nature.
23
Harvesting
Program description and goals The program’s main goal is to make timber available to the forest industry, consistent with approved rates of harvest, and in a way that meets sustainable development requirements and achieves the management objectives for other resource and land use values approved by government.
This involves a number of activities, including:
l engineering, development, and administration of forest roads and bridges;
l acquisition of property;
l issuance of forest tenures;
l harvest plan approvals;
l timber valuation;
l issuance of cutting authority;
l monitoring harvesting operations; and,
l billing of Crown charges
Client situation The forest industry is the main client under this program. The allowable annual cut on lands regulated by the ministry as of March 31, 1992, was 72.5 million cubic metres.’ The harvest from those lands by the forest industry was 66.1 million cubic metres.2
NOTE: 1 This figure reflects Fletcher Challenge Ltd.‘s election to reduce the area of its tree
farm licences for purposes of Bill 28 - five per cent allowable annual cut take- back. These take-back areas are being added to the adjacent timber supply areas.
2 This figure excludes volumes harvested from licences to cut and royalty volumes outside tree farm licences.
Activities Engineering
The engineering sub-program is responsible for maintaining an effective and efficient forest road network.
Engineering expenditures for 1991-92 totalled $33.8 million (Tables C-9, C-10, C-11). About 600 kilometres of new Forest Service roads were constructed bringing the total to approximately 35 000 kilometres (Table C-9).
These Forest Service roads provide access to provincial forest and range lands serving industry, small business, tourism, and other interests. They are major public assets.
Road improvement, upgrading and maintenance totalled 6 770 kilometres (Table C-10).
The number of bridges and major culverts that are an integral part of the ministry’s road network have increased to 3,559 structures (Table C-11).
24
A disc trencher
prepares site for
reforestation near
Vczrzclerlioof
Property acquisition
The ministry acquires property for Forest Service road rights-of-way and other purposes. During the year, rights-of-way for 41 Forest Service road projects were acquired, involving 77 private properties, at a cost of $1,299,549.
Property site administration
The ministry undertook the acquisition of five major and numerous minor sites for Protection Branch, two major acquisitions for the Silviculture Branch, management of 188 leased tenures, and renewal of 30 licences of occupation.
Issuance of forest tenures
Periodically, new forest tenures are issued to:
l use uncommitted allowable annual cut;
l deal with forest health or fire salvage problems; or,
l provide timber under the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program.
Further, many of the existing major forest tenures are replaceable agreements. The issuance of new and replacement tenures is a continuing activity, with most forest licences being subject to replacement offers in 1993-94.
Harvest plan approvals
A major forest tenure holder must go through a comprehensive planning process before a cutting authority can be obtained from the ministry This process involves ministry approval of plans at four planning levels, each at a greater level of planning detail.
These plans are:
l a Management Plan;
l a Five-Year Development Plan;
l a plan containing the silviculture prescriptions for each cutting area; and,
l a Timber Harvesting Plan.
The ministry is also responsible for conducting a similar planning process for tenures sold under its own Small Business Forest Enterprise Program.
Timber valuation
Timber harvested from Crown land is subject to either a royalty or stumpage charges at the time of harvest.
About eight per cent of the annual harvest is subject to royalty rates, which are set by regulation. The remainder of Crown timber is subject to stumpage rates, most of which are determined through site-specific appraisals.
The ministry uses the stumpage appraisal system known as Comparative Value Pricing.
25
The stumpage rate for each stand of timber is more or less than a pre-set average rate, and depends on whether its value is more or less than the average value of recently harvested timber.
The relative value of each stand is in turn based upon an estimate of the market value of the forest products that can be produced from the timber, coupled with an estimate of the costs typically incurred.
Most stumpage rates are adjusted quarterly to reflect changing lumber markets and changing relative values.
Issuance of cutting authority
Field staff issue a cutting authority - in the form of a road permit, cutting permit (licence-to-cut), or timber sale licence - to allow operations to commence only after all plans for the harvesting of timber have been approved.
Approximately 2,000 cutting authorities are issued per year excluding those issued under the small business program.
Monitoring and enforcement Ministry staff monitor the harvesting of timber to:
l ensure compliance with laws, policies, and contractual requirements governing timber harvesting; and,
l ensure appropriate action is taken in the case of non-compliance.
BilZing of Crown charges
Timber harvested from Crown land and private land is measured, (scaled) and information is recorded on scale returns.
The scale returns are submitted for processing through a computer system - where they are matched with stumpage and royalty rates - to produce scale and royalty invoices.
Expenditures Actual expenditures were $65.8 million. (Table C-l).
Forest revenues Total revenues, including stumpage and royalty, amounted to $607.9 million (Table-l 1.
Stumpage and royalty charges were the main revenue source accounting for $435.9 million, exclusive of the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program.
Administered stumpage charges for major licences averaged $7.47 per cubic metre, up from $7.34 per cubic metre the previous year (Table C-2).
Effects on clients The timely disposition of timber tenures and approval of cutting authority are essential to allow the forest industry to obtain maximum operational efficiency, profitability and to remain competitive on world markets.
26
This in turn leads to increased jobs and the maintenance of community stability.
Forecasts The allowable annual cuts in a number of management units have recently been reduced and this trend is expected to continue. The forecast of a downward trend is based primarily on two factors.
First, the volume of timber that can be harvested annually from the commercial timber land base is affected by land withdrawals and timber harvesting restrictions implemented to protect and preserve other resource values. Demands from society for these withdrawals and restrictions are increasing.
Second, harvest levels will be reduced in many management units in the province as old-growth stands are harvested and replaced by second-growth stands that will contain less volume when harvested.
Spacing and enhancing deer browse
in Port Albemi forest district
27
Rcforcs ta tiorl at work -
plarl tiq secdliirgs,
Karnloops forat district
Research
Program description and goals
This program exists to provide scientific knowledge and technical advice directed at:
l guiding forestry policy;
l resolving forestry issues; and,
l providing a sound basis for resource management.
The Research Program focuses on:
l applied research in environmental and biological sciences; and,
l communicating the results of our research to all our clients.
Research includes silviculture research to provide information for forest renewal and timber production, and sustainable and integrated resource management research. The latter involves studying ecosystems and the effects of resource management practices on the soil, water, and wildlife resources, and developing approaches for better integration of human activities with ecological processes and wildlife species.
Client situation
Technical information is provided to a broad group of clients including the forest resources sector, other government departments, special interest groups, and the public.
Research is guided by client and technical advisory committees. Many co-operative research projects are underway with other research agencies throughout the province.
Activities
Silviculture research
Highlights included:
l the development of a provincial hardwoods management research strategy to address the forest science information needs related to commercial management of hardwood trees;
l newly established hardwoods management research projects such as: l spacing studies to improve wood quality and tree-growth rates; l studies of tree species interactions in mixed conifer and
hardwood stands; and, l studies of decay incidence in hardwood stands;
l tree seedling research to continually improve seedling quality assessment and to develop cultural and handling practices to match the rigors of harsh planting sites;
l refinements to the biogeoclimatic ecosystem classification and site interpretation guidelines for tree species selection and identification of brush and frost hazards; and,
l refinements to SYLVER, a stand-level computer model designed to help foresters evaluate the impact of silviculture practices on yield, lumber value, and economic return.
Sustainable and integrated resource management research
Highlights included:
l research into the environmental impacts and silviculture implications of helicopter-logging coastal sites which are too sensitive to log conventionally;
l completion of the twentieth year of the Carnation Creek Experimental Watershed project, a study looking at the impacts of forestry practices on aquatic systems;
l completion of the ll-year Integrated Wildlife-Intensive Forestry Research (IWIFR) study. IWIFR’s goal was to provide information for resolving conflicts about timber harvesting in black-tailed deer and Roosevelt elk winter ranges. A planning handbook and a computer-based planning tool are available to assist resource managers better integrate these resources;
l more than 15 years of ecosystem classification research summarized in the publication Ecosystems of British Columbia; and,
l a new long-term biodiversity study to describe natural disturbance patterns across landscapes and within stands.
Research extension
Communicating technical information about ecosystems and resource management to clients begins with the individual researcher. All scientists are available for client consultation and professional advice.
In addition, researchers continue to develop field guides, resource materials and training courses, and participate in school and continuing education programs throughout the province.
TechnicaI support
Technical support for scientists was provided by a staff of specialists including secretarial staff, technicians, computer specialists, statisticians, analytical laboratory staff, graphic designers, editors, and administrators.
Expenditures Forecast expenditures were $18.6 million. Actual expenditures were $18.7 million, including $5.7 million for regional sciences. (Tables D-l, D-2).
Effects on clients Reforestation effectiveness has been increased with more scientific knowledge to guide seed, nursery, and plantation operations. A greater understanding of crop tree responses to silviculture practices has improved forest growth and yield predictions for planning purposes.
29
The results from research into sustaining and integrating resources provided practical solutions to resource management conflicts and resulted in better integrated resource management.
Forecasts Support for the stewardship of our forests will continue to depend on a strong commitment to research and its effective application to resource management.
The emphasis on basic and applied research of ecosystems and their responses to human activities will continue in conjunction with studies of integrated resource management.
At the same time, ensuring a future wood supply with sound reforestation and stand management practices will remain an important thrust of the research.
The program will continue to collaborate with other research agencies in research and extension ventures.
The need to resolve immediate field problems will be balanced with a long-term outlook. Projects will continue to be selected based on research priorities, technical soundness, innovation, likelihood of success, short- and long-term gains, and cost effectiveness.
1, 2, 3 . . . counting the rings on a core savnple fv-otn a
second growth tree, Seyvnotu Devnonstmtion Forest
30
Forest Protection Program description and goals The ministry is responsible for all aspects of wildfire suppression and fire management.
The program’s purpose is to:
l protect the forest and range resources from damage by wildfire;
l protect life, property, and other natural resource values from wildfire;
l support silviculture site treatments, range and wildlife habitat creation and maintenance, by using prescribed fires; and,
l provide aviation services to wildfire suppression and other ministry programs.
Fire management activities range from wildfire detection and control, to hazard abatement, and site rehabilitation.
The fire management program administers the prescribed-fire and smoke-management programs. The co-operation of other ministries, agencies, and the forest industry is essential in fulfilling this mandate.
B.C. forest fire history
NUMBER OF FIRES HECTARES BURNED (Thousands) 4000 /
3500
3000
pi
2500 -
2000- ,
1500 -
1000 -
500 -
0 ----r
!
\
/
- I 1
1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992
n Number of Fires - Hectares Burned c
250
“Our fire protection track record is second to none world-wide,“ said Wes Cheston, Assistant Deputy Minister of Operations. “Over the
past seven years, we have met nearly all of our goals which include limiting the area burned to 69 000 hectares or less, limiting the volume
of timber loss to 2.6 million cubic metres or less, and containing 92 per cent of all fires within 24 hours of discovery.”
31
The forest, ranching, and wildlife industries co-operate with the ministry and Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks to conduct prescribed burning.
The program goal is to support the fire suppression program and to administer the prescribed-fire and smoke-management programs.
Client situation The primary clients are the public, forest industry, other ministries, and provincial and federal programs.
Activities Fire Management
All organizational support activities related to wildfire prevention, wildfire preparedness, and wildfire suppression are included within the branch program, fire management section.
In 1991-92, the ministry:
l encouraged fire prevention and public education programs;
l dealt with the growing urban/wildland interface problem through program planning;
l expanded the unit crew program;
l researched and improved fire-fighting equipment;
l continued the fire suppression training program; and,
l undertook staff training in risk management and fire law enforcement.
Aviation management
This section provides aerial services, facilities, and aviation support for all ministry programs.
A total of 29,300 hours were flown for all programs during 1991-92. There were five reportable aircraft accidents in 1991, resulting in only one minor injury. The 1991-92 aircraft accident frequency is 17.1 accidents per 100,000 hours of flying.
Fire management analysis and development
Maintenance and development work continued for the fire management and air operations information systems, prescribed fire use in forest management, the weather station network, and the lightning location system. User support is facilitated by manuals and a telephone support desk service.
Research was carried out on:
l weather modeling, monitoring smoke production and dispersal from prescribed burns;
l the use of artificial intelligence in site preparation decision- making; and,
l computer-based systems and models for effective fire management.
32
Training
In conjunction with districts and regions, the standards for the Fireline Certification Program were revised and expanded for implementation prior to the 1992 fire season.
The revised certification program now formally establishes minimum experience and training standards across the province.
Expenditures Expenditures were $18.9 million (Table E-l).
Effects on clients The protection program successfully fulfilled its mandate through:
l effective fire management;
l efficient air operations;
l innovative planning;
l development and research in management information systems; and,
l strengthened commitment to fireline training and safety.
Forecasts Actual fire starts are expected to increase. The prescribed-burning program is expected to level out. An increased emphasis on smoke management will be required.
Native zuzit CWZL~S, a ke?y component of
Protection Branch’s fire fightirlg efforts
33
Integrated Resource Management
Program description and goals The program encompasses three sub-programs - resource planning, range management, and recreation management - each with its own mandate. Together these sub-programs manage range and recreation resources, integrate their management with timber production and other provincial resources, and co-ordinate the forest planning process.
Under the integrated resource management program, the ministry:
l prepares integrated resource plans;
l analyses resource production capabilities of forest and range lands including detailed analysis of timber harvesting schedules which form the basis for the chief forester’s determination of allowable annual cuts;
l determines standards of forest practices to enable achievement of integrated resource management objectives;
l maintains a dialogue with resource agencies, the forest and
ranching industries, and the public on objectives and management priorities;
l ensures sound stewardship of forested and non-forested Crown range lands;
l administers range tenures for forage-use by livestock, and gets a fair price for Crown forage;
l protects recreational values on forest and range lands, including landscape aesthetics and wilderness; and,
l provides recreation sites and trails in provincial forests for public use.
The activities of each sub-program are reported separately.
34
Resource Planning
Client situation The resource planning sub-program provides services to diverse clients by setting standards for resource stewardship and by producing management plans. Major clients are the resource and tourism industries, the public, and other agencies.
Planning processes provide a means to balance the often conflicting demands of a wide variety of resource-use interests. A fundamental premise is that through well-planned integrated resource management, the interests of these client groups can be fulfilled to the greatest degree consistent with provincial social and economic goals.
Activities
Resource planning achieves integrated resource management by:
l preparing strategic and local resource-use plans;
l consulting with the public regarding demands for forest and range resources and the values associated with their use and stewardship;
l maintaining inter-agency consultation on co-ordination of resource management objectives;
l analysing the effects of integrated resource management prescriptions of timber production capabilities in order to achieve realistic timber harvest schedules and allowable annual cut decisions; and,
l establishing standards and guidelines for activities on forest and range lands which will achieve sound resource stewardship and meet the goals set out in management plans.
Major initiatives during the fiscal year included design of a new planning process called Land and Resource Management Planning, for use at the sub-regional level (timber supply areas, tree farm licences and combinations of these); and, enhancement of timber supply analysis capabilities to respond to issues raised in an internal assessment of analytical processes within the industry.
Expenditures
Forecast expenditures were $8.8 million. Actual expenditures were $8.9 million. Administrative expenses have been prorated among sub-programs. (Table F-l).
Effects on clients Because of the diversity of interests in management of forest and range lands, activities under the resource planning sub-program can be very controversial. In extreme cases, conflicting values held by different interest groups can lead to protests and civil disobedience.
35
Emphasis remains on conducting technically sound planning processes which are open to public participation, thereby leading to decisions which are accepted by the majority of citizens.
Forecasts A three-year timber supply review will be implemented to bring analyses for all timber supply areas up to date, incorporating the management prescriptions contained in approved management plans.
Land and Resource Management Planning will continue to be developed as an inter-agency process and will be implemented on a pilot basis.
Resource management guidelines will be reviewed, consolidated and updated, and systems will be put in place for their administration, enforcement, and evaluation.
Development of a Forest Practices Code will be started. Socio-economic assessment procedures will be applied in planning
processes to better enable evaluation of the costs and benefits of resource-use options.
Planning processes yrozlidr il mcmzs to brzlmrcc the ofte~~
conflictiq dtmnnds of ~1 zr4fe zvzricttj of rcsowce-use iirtrrests
36
Range Management
This sub-program emphasizes the protection and conservation of Crown range ecosystems while meeting livestock, wildlife, and other resource requirements. Cost-effective treatments were used to enhance forage production and quality.
Client situation
Major clients are the ranching, wildlife and tourism industries, and the public.
Beef cattle producers, guide outfitters and other commercial users harvest almost one million months of grazing.
Forage is supplied for numerous wildlife species.
Activities
During 1991-92, the ministry:
l administered 1,366 permits, 682 licences for grazing, 34 permits and 93 licences for hay-cutting;
l authorized for livestock, grazing permits and licences to the total of 998,039 animal unit months;
l continued research on the biological control of knapweed and other weeds;
l circulated a program strategic plan for review; and,
l continued the funding of resource enhancements such as grass seeding and fences to achieve efficient resource use.
Expenditures
Forecast expenditures were $6.1 million. Actual expenditures were $6.4 million. Administrative expenses have been prorated among sub-programs. (Table F-l).
Effects on clients
Expenditures achieved a continuing supply of quality forage for livestock and wildlife through integrated resource management.
Expenditures achieved vital biological control and containment programs for weeds which are co-ordinated with other ministries and the public sector.
Forecasts
Range program focus will be consistent with the ministry five-year and branch strategic plans.
Authorized forage use is expected to remain stable. Wildlife usage of Crown forage will continue.
Monitoring and inspection activities will likely increase.
37
l maintaining recreation and wilderness inventories; and, l reviewing plans and proposals.
l contributed to government’s Protected Areas Strategy; and,
l enhanced statutory protection of recreation resources.
Forecasts Increasing population and changing recreation values will lead to:
l increasing competition between recreation clients, for example, between motorized and non-motorized;
l the need for more formal mechanisms for allocating limited recreation resources, for example, between commercial and non- commercial recreation activities;
l greater impact on the environment by recreationalists; and,
l a reduction in the quality of some recreation experiences.
Limited government resources will lead to:
l increased pressure for user fees; and,
l increased reliance on volunteer activities. The enforcement role of Forest Service officers will greatly
increase in dealing with recreation users. Recreation use of B.C.‘s public forest lands will become
increasingly regulated.
winter recreation in Kumloops forest districf
More tlzarl 1,300 recreation sites ad 5 000 kilometres
of trails zilere provided for public use iii 1991
40
Inventory Program description and goals The provincial forest inventory program is funded through the Basic and Forest Renewal Plan components. The Forest Renewal Plan increased the program budget by $12.858 million and 58.5 staff.
This program provides:
l current statistics through periodic re-inventory and regular deple- tion updates;
l forest-cover digital files with geo-referenced inventory data;
l updated area-volume digital files on timber supply areas for use in timber supply analysis to assist in determination of the allowable annual cut; and,
l the development and calibration of growth-and-yield models for the estimation and projection of forest stands for inventory reporting resource analysis.
The goals for 1991-92 were to:
l staff and provide training for new staff;
l digitize 245 forest-cover map sheets with associated overlays and statistics;
l update 2,182 previously digitized map sheets for depletions;
l re-inventory 470 map sheets;
l validate a variable density yield-prediction system for coastal inte- rior species;
l establish, re-measure and/or purchase 1,235 permanent sample plots;
l collect stem analysis data on 100 coastal cottonwood trees;
l ecologically assess 900 sample plots;
l collect volume and decay data for 1,200 trees; l produce 500 area-volume and other statistical reports;
l produce area-volume data files for timber supply analyses on 12 timber supply areas; and,
l establish on-line access to geographic information system digital map-sheet databases to forest regions and forest districts.
Client situation The program’s clients are resource managers and planners in forestry from the private and public sectors.
Within the ministry, inventory data was provided to regional and district planners and managers, and government reporting require- ments on forest inventory were supported.
Activities During the year, the five-year Program Management Plan was updated. This plan is being used to identify inventory needs within the program and to direct funding on a program specific basis.
41
The following projects were also accomplished:
l staffing and basic training of new Forest Renewal Plan employees;
l digitizing of 245 forest-cover map sheets with associated overlays and statistics;
l updating of 1,623 map sheets for depletions;
l re-inventory of 360 map sheets;
l validation of a variable-density-yield prediction system for coastal and interior species;
l collection of volume and decay information on 1,200 trees;
l stem analysis of 100 cottonwood trees;
l establishment, re-measurement or purchase of 1,224 permanent sample plots;
0 ecological assessment of 100 permanent sample plots;
l production of 750 area-volume and other statistical reports;
l production of area-volume data files for eight timber supply areas in support of timber supply analyses; and,
l establishment of on-line access to geographic information system digital-map-sheet databases to forest regions and forest districts.
Both update and re-inventory goals were not met due to recruitment lag as a result of the Forest Renewal Plan initiation.
Expenditures Forecast expenditures were $25.5 million ($12.6 million from base and $12.9 million from the Forest Renewal Plan).
Actual expenditures were $22.1 million ($11.1 million from base and $11.1 million from the Forest Renewal Plan). (Tables G-l, G-2).
Effects on clients Up-to-date and detailed forest-cover information is needed in a geo-referenced format for provincial and local planning.
In providing this information to clients the program contributes directly to improved forestry practices, resource management, and planning.
Forecasts The program will:
l re-inventory 423 map sheets (6.3 million hectares);
l update 2,793 map sheets and corresponding descriptive statistics;
l maintain 6,000 permanent sample plots;
l continue to geo-reference all tentative growth-and-yield samples as well as projection applications to the biogeoclimatic ecological classification system; and,
l provide area-volume, statistical reporting for timber supply areas on an annual basis.
42
Fire Suppression
Program description and goals The program endeavors to minimize the damage from wildfires on forest and range lands and the wildland/urban interface zones. It is closely linked to, and supported by, the forest protection program.
The program supplies initial attack crews (provincial rapattack, regional helitack and district firetack), unit crews, air tankers, and medium helicopter services through fire preparedness activities.
It also funds the direct costs of wildfire control activities, such as the hiring of personnel and equipment, short-term aircraft and the purchase of wildfire suppression materials.
The goals are to limit area burned to 69 000 hectares or less, limit the volume of timber loss to 2.6 million cubic metres or less, and contain 92 per cent of all fires within 24 hours of discovery.
Client situation The primary clients are the public, the forest industry, other ministries, and provincial and federal programs.
Activities Direct fire-fighting
The direct fire-fighting activity funds all fireline expenditures. Equipment and aircraft hired to specifically control a wildfire and
hired fire fighters are funded from this activity. Any overtime, standby or fire site rehabilitation is funded out of
this activity.
Fire preparedness
Fire preparedness funds those programs and activities which prepare the fire control organization for the fire season.
The preparedness side of the suppression program funds fire
prevention measures and strategies, detection and communication networks, and a basic level of suppression crews.
Suppression crews include three-person initial attack crews (rapattack, helitack and firetack) and 20-person unit crews used on large project fires. This program also funds crew and fire control organization training, aircraft availability, and equipment development.
Expenditures Expenditures in 1991-92 totalled $32.2 million. (Table H-l). In fiscal 1991-92, direct fire fighting expenditures were $27.5 million.
Effects on clients The fire season was quieter than normal with 2,023 fires compared to a season normal of 2,850 fires.
The goal is to limit the annual area burned to 69 000 hectares, and the volume of timber loss to 2.6 million cubic metres.
43
I
This goal was achieved in 1991-92. Area burned was 30 914 hectares and timber loss was 1.31 million cubic metres.
Forecasts The native unit crew program will be expanded. Unit crews work larger fires more efficiently and effectively.
Wildland/urban interface will continue to be a priority, with emphasis on smoke management in smoke sensitive areas.
Willimns Lake
44
Skimikin Nursery, nenr Salmon Arm
More tlznlr 226 milliorr
seedlirigs were planted ofi
oz’er 199 000 hectares iti
British Columbia during
the 2991-92 ylantitig
year - almost double the number ylarited
in 1980
Forest Renewal Program
Silviculture Support Program description and goals Silviculture administration
This sub-vote provides for administration, policies, and procedures pertaining to reforestation, care, and enhancement of Crown forests, and overall monitoring and direction of provincial silviculture activities.
Also included is the development of a new provincial information management system, called the Integrated Silviculture Information System.
Administrative costs related to the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program were recovered from the Small Business Forest Enterprise Special Account.
Client situation Clients include ministry staff, silviculture contractors, the forest industry, and the public.
Activities Silviculture support provided the funding for salaries, benefits, and administration costs associated with the planning, implementing, and monitoring of Forest Renewal Programs. Software development for the Integrated Silviculture Information System proceeded on schedule.
Expenditures The forecast expenditures for silviculture support were $49.8 million. Actual expenditures were $50.5 million. (Table J-l).
Effects on clients Funding from silviculture support provided the administrative support required to carry out the extensive provincial silviculture programs.
Forecasts Administrative responsibilities are expected to be maintained over the next few years to support the overall silviculture program.
Implementation of the Integrated Silviculture Information System will begin in pilot districts in 1992-93.
45
Sustainable Environment Fund
Program description and goals
The Sustainable Environment Fund was created in 1990 and is administered by the Cabinet Committee on Sustainable Development.
The purpose of the fund is to provide for new or enhanced programs relating to environmental protection and enhancement, and to fund provincial forest renewal programs.
Forest renewal programs
The four sub-programs included under the Forest Renewal Programs section of the fund are:
l Basic Silviculture, including current reforestation, outstanding obligations, and nursery and seed operations;
l Incremental Silviculture, including the Community Forestry Program and forest health;
l the Canada-B.C. Partnership Agreement on Forest Resource Development; and,
l the Forest Resources Commission.
Basic silviculture
The goal of the Basic Silviculture sub-program is to reforest areas that are the responsibility of the ministry which have been harvested, burned by wildfire, or damaged by insects or disease.
This includes:
l areas of good and medium site harvested prior to 1982 (ministry outstanding);
l areas that were harvested under the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program before January 1, 1988 (ministry outstanding);
l areas that were harvested by major licensees between 1982 and October 1, 1987 (industry outstanding); and,
l areas that are burned by wildfire or ravaged by pests (current reforestation).
Basic Silviculture also funds operations required to supply seed and seedlings for planting activities under the Forest Renewal and Small Business Forest Enterprise programs.
These operations include cone-collection and seed-extraction costs, budgets for the ministry’s three nurseries, and administering contracts to private nurseries.
Operational budgets for the ministry’s seed orchards are also included.
In addition, training and extension activities are included under the Basic Silviculture sub-program.
46
Incremental silviculture
The Ministry of Forests funds incremental silviculture activities to improve the health, productivity and value of immature forest stands.
Forest Health activities were previously part of the Protection Program but were transferred to Forest Renewal (incremental silviculture), in 1991-92. The goals of Forest Health activities are to prevent and control damage caused by disease, insects, and other organisms. Forest Health staff also monitor the use of pesticides by the ministry.
Another component of the incremental silviculture program is the Community Forestry Program, which funds forest improvement projects in co-operation with municipalities and regional districts.
Canada-B.C. Partnership Agreement on Forest Resource Development (FRDA 11)
In 1991, a four-year, federal/provincial, cost-shared, $200 million forestry agreement was initiated.
The primary objectives of the agreement are to conduct incremental silviculture (spacing, pruning, fertilizing), and to fund initiatives in communications, extension, research, small-scale forestry, product and market development, and economic and social analysis.
Forest Resources Commission
The Forest Resources Commission was appointed by the Minister of Forests in June, 1989. It was asked to independently review and make recommendations to the minister on topics related to British Columbia’s forests.
Activities A summary of field accomplishments under the Forest Renewal section of the Sustainable Environment Fund is presented in Table K-2.
Basic silviculture
Activities accomplished include: surveys, site preparation, planting, brushing, and spacing (required for a stand to reach free growing).
Ministry audits of the reforestation activities conducted by major licensees on Crown lands harvested after October 1, 1987, are a part of basic silviculture and are detailed in Table K-7.
Audits of the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program are in Table L-4.
Non-field accomplishments in basic silviculture
With improvements in seedling quality and planting techniques, the 1991-92 survival rate of second-year seedlings is approximately 87 per cent. This is a significant increase over a rate of less than 60 per cent 10 years ago.
47
Under nursery operations, approximately 18 million seedlings were shipped from the three ministry nurseries for planting. Development work continued toward the mechanization of lifting seedlings in containerized forest nurseries.
A new office, laboratory building, and three greenhouses were completed at Green Timbers Reforestation Centre in Surrey.
Under Seed Operations, a project was initiated to combine the outdated Tree Seed Register and the Sowing Request Information System, into a new information system called the Seed Planning and Register System. Changes in the seed inventory at the Tree Seed Centre are detailed in Table K-14.
Two western larch seed orchards for the west and east Kootenays were established at the Kalamalka Seed Orchard, near Vernon. The first phase of a second generation coastal Douglas-fir seed orchard was established near Bowser, on Vancouver Island.
Silviculture training and extension staff developed and facilitated the delivery of courses for silviculture staff, forestry workers, and First Nations silviculture contractors. In 1991-92, the first silviculture training specialists were hired in two regions.
Incremental silviculture
In 1991-92 the sub-program funded spacing on 5 165 hectares, fertilizing on 1 412 hectares, pruning on 958 hectares, and stand- tending surveys on 11 648 hectares.
Under Forest Health, $3.0 million was spent on bark beetle control activities, including:
l aerial damage detection;
l aerial mapping, photography, and ground surveys of infested areas;
l placing pheromone baits and establishing trap trees; and,
l felling and burning, or pesticide treatment, of single infested trees.
Other Forest Health activities included surveys and treatment of root disease, leader weevils, porcupine damage, and others. Estimates of timber damage and areas under attack by forest pests in 1991-92 are detailed in Tables K-15 and K-16.
The Community Forestry Program, funded under Incremental Silviculture, spent $4.8 million on silviculture, as well as range and recreation activities. Employment and forest improvements were generated in more than 20 communities.
Canada-B.C. Partnership Agreement on Forest Resource Development (FRDA II)
Silviculture field accomplishments in 1991-92 under FRDA II are detailed in Table K-6.
48
Other accomplishments under the agreement’s seven sub-programs included:
l work on 62 research projects in forest renewal, growth and yield, and integrated resource management;
l initiation of the Integrated Resource Inventory System;
0 economic analysis of silviculture activities;
l studies into market opportunities; and,
l extension and public awareness activities.
FRDA II activities are further detailed in the FRDA II 1991-92 Annual Report.
Forest Resources Commission
The Forest Resources Commission’s report, The Future of Our Forests, was released in May, 1991. It included 108 recommendations related to land-use planning and resource management.
Client situation Clients of the Forest Renewal section of the Sustainable Environment Fund include major forest licensees, silviculture contractors and associations, forestry consultants, private nurseries, academic institutions, and the public.
Expenditures Forecast expenditures for Forest Renewal programs under the Sustainable Environment Fund were $179.8 million. Actual expenditures were $171.7 million (Table K-l).
As a sub-component of these totals, forecasts for FRDA II were $24.5 million and actual expenditures were $20.0 million.
Effects on clients Contractors, consultants, and private nurseries were employed in meeting the reforestation responsibilities of the ministry. Incremental silviculture activities have contributed to maintaining basic silviculture investments and have increased employment for forestry workers.
Forecasts It is anticipated that as the ministry’s outstanding basic silviculture obligations are met, the basic silviculture program will decrease.
However, overall silviculture activities will be maintained to ensure the health and growth of new forests. This includes providing funding for auditing, forest health, incremental silviculture, and associated integrated resource management goals.
49
Silviculture Programs Overview
Snnrlich smi orchard
Pollillnti?lg nt the
Santrich sctd orchl7rlf
Silviculture activities can be grouped into two major categories, basic silviculture and incremental silviculture.
Basic silviculture
Basic silviculture ensures the regeneration of young forests on harvested areas. By law, all Crown lands currently harvested in British Columbia must be reforested with a crop of healthy, ecologically suitable species within a specific time frame.
Activities include:
surveying: taking inventory of areas and prescribing silviculture treatments;
site preparation: preparing sites to promote natural regeneration and to facilitate planting (Table K-8);
seed collection and seedling production: to produce high quality seed and seedlings for planting (Table K-14);
planting: restocking of denuded areas with seedlings (Tables K-9, K-10, K-11);
brushing: controlling competing vegetation to prevent the loss of planted or natural seedlings, including activities previously called conifer release (Table K-12); and,
spacing: thinning excessively dense stands to prevent growth limitations due to overcrowding.
Basic silviculture responsibility
Depending on the date of harvest and the land tenure, the responsibility for basic silviculture rests with either the company that harvested the area or with the province. Amendments to the Forest Act in 1987 made reforestation the obligation of those who harvest Crown timber.
Therefore, major licensees are responsible, at their own expense, to reforest the areas they harvest after October 1, 1987. Under the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program, reforestation of areas harvested after January 1, 1988 is funded from the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program account, and implemented by the ministry.
Reforestation activities on lands that were harvested by major licensees between 1982 and October 1,1987, are funded by the ministry, but implemented by the licensees.
Reforestation activities on lands harvested under the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program prior to January 1, 1988; all lands harvested prior to 1982; or on lands currently denuded by fire or pests, are funded and implemented by the ministry.
A summary of the changes in the status of not satisfactorily restocked Crown land, by responsibility, is presented in Table 6.
50
To ensure basic silviculture responsibilities are met, the ministry monitors and audits major licensees and oversees the reforestation activities under the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program.
Silviculture audits are required to be conducted on at least five per cent of the major licensee harvest areas that have been declared free growing in any one year.
Audits of major licensees are detailed in Table K-7. Small Business Forest Enterprise Program are detailed in Table L-4.
Incremental silviculture
In addition to basic silviculture activities, the ministry and major licensees may also conduct incremental silviculture to enhance tree growth and improve wood quality in selected stands.
A comparison of reforestation and harvesting rates on Crown land in B.C.
HECTARES (Thousands) 300
250
Accomplished
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
__ Net Harvest / Net Reforestation
“Net reforestation, shown in green on the graph above, is the area successfully planted plus fhose areas naturally regenerated,” said Chief
Forester John Cuthbert. “The line represents the area harvested minus the area maintained as roads. Notice how reforestation has doubled since 1980
through increasing the number of trees planted, improved success of planting techniques and natural regeneration through improved forestry pracfices. As fhe backlog of area nof yet reforested is reduced, we look forward to reforestation and harvesting levels coming into a balance
that will be maintained over the long term.”
51
Activities include:
l surveying: taking inventory of areas and planning future silviculture treatments;
l juvenile spacing: reducing the density of a stand to concentrate the growth on a fewer number of selected trees;
l fertilizing: applying fertilizer to promote tree growth on sites deficient in soil nutrients; and,
l pruning: removing lower branches to produce clear, knot-free wood.
Silviculture activity funding
Table K-5 outlines all basic and incremental silviculture accomplishments on Crown land for the fiscal year. This includes all ministry and non-ministry funding sources.
Activities funded by the ministry (Table K-l*) include:
l The Forest Renewal portion of the Sustainable Environment Fund (SEF), (Tables K-l, K-2): l the Canada-B.C. Partnership Agreement on Forest Resource
Development (FRDA II), (Table K-6); l current reforestation; l outstanding obligations; and, l incremental silviculture, including the Community Forestry
Program (COMFOR) and forest health;
l the Silviculture Support Program, which provides the staff and administration needed to plan, implement and monitor the above programs;
l the South Moresby Forest Replacement Account (SMFRA), (Tables M-l, M-2); and,
l the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program (SBFEP), (Tables L-l, L-4).
Activities funded by non-ministry sources (funding not reported) include:
l silviculture activities conducted by major licensees to meet their basic silviculture obligations. Major licensees may also voluntarily conduct incremental silviculture activities on some areas (Table K-3); and,
l the Forest Enhancement Program (FEP), and other job creation initiatives (Table K-4): l FEP is funded by the Ministry of Social Services and
implemented by the Ministry of Forests. It provides provincial income assistance recipients with training, work experience, and a source of income while working on forest improvement projects; and,
l other reported activities include the Forestry Corrections Inmate Work Agreement and Federal Job Creation programs.
52
Silviculture trends
Graphs 1 through 9 on the following pages illustrate silviculture accomplishments on Crown land over the last 10 years.
Graph 1 - Silviculture surveys on Crown land Summary of accomplishments
HECTARES (Thousands) 1200
1000 +
800 c
600 L
400 +
200 c
0 L
82183 .33;84 84185 85186 a6187 87188 a8189 89190 90191 97f9:
Fiscal Year
/ Basic m Incremental c
Silviculture surveys on Crown land doubled in the last 10 years to meet the increasing need for planning and monitoring silviculture activities. The large increase in 1991-92 includes aerial and ground surveys of almost 300 000 hectares of area burned by fire before 1982 in the Prince George Region.
53
Graph 2 - Site preparation on Crown land Summary of accomplishments
HECTARES (Thousands) 160 :
140
120 1
100
82183 63184 84185 05/06 86187 87180 88189 89190 90191 91 I92
Fiscal Year
Site preparation has doubled in the last 10 years from 62 600 hectares in 1982-83 to over
153 000 hectares in 1991-92. There has been a reduction in the area slashed burned and an increase in the area treated mechanically.
Graph 3 - Planting on Crown land Summary of accomplishments
HECTARES (Thousands)
82183 83104 84185 85186 86187 87f88 88189 89190 90197 91192
Fiscal Year
Planting increased from 85 593 hectares in 1982-83 to a high of 204 000 hectares in 1990-91. As the backlog of NSR land is planted, this activity is expected to decline slightly and level off over the next 10 years.
54
Graph 4 - Brushing on Crown land Summary of accomplishments
HECTARES (Thousands) 70 -- ___.-
30 A----. --7
i 4 I
: :
0
82/83 83l64 84185 85186 06167 87l88 88l89 89190 90197 91192
Fiscal Year
Brushing levels will remain high because of the need to establish healthy, free-growing forests. (This graph includes activities previously reported as conifer release.)
Graph 5 - Juvenile spacing on Crown land Summary of accomplishments
HECTARES (Thousands) 50
I
82103 03104 84/85 85f86 06107 87108 i38l09 89190 90191 91192
Fiscal Year
The spacing of young conifers is expected to increase under FRDA II (1991-1995).
55
Graph 6 - Fertilizing on Crown land Summary of accomplishments
HECTARES (Thousands) 20 /
/
15_-
I
~
10 -
/ /
I
/
-1
-
I
5-
I, 0- ,-,- -., -Y ,: 82183 83184 04185 85186 86187 87faa 88fa9 89190 90191 91192
Fiscal Year
The level of fertilizing reflects available funding; fertilizing is expected to increase under
FRDA II (1991-1995).
Graph 7 - Cumulative total of trees planted in British Columbia Planting on all tenures
NUMBER OF TREES (millions) 3000
O- 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990
Year
Cumulative total includes planting since 1930.
56
Graph 8 - Number of trees planted each year in British Columbia Planting on all tenures
NUMBER OF TREES (millions) 300
250 ___-
Year
- Coast + Interior ~ Total c
As the backlog of NSR is planted, this activity is expected to decline slightly and level off over the next 10 years. The majority of backlog areas are in the interior.
Graph 9 - Total silviculture audits by area Summary of accomplishments
HECTARES (Thousands)
0-w
82/03 83,‘84 84185 85106 06187 87188 80189 09190 90197 91192
Fiscal Year
f Major Licensees
Silviculture audits were introduced shortly after amendments were made to the Forest Act in 1987. The number of audits is expected to continue increasing.
57
Small Business Forest Enterprise Program
Program description and goals Through this program, Crown timber is sold to individuals and firms registered, or qualified to register, under the program.
The program has four main goals:
l opportunities: for individuals and firms in the forest industry to acquire timber for their operations, and for individuals and firms to enter the industry and establish new businesses;
l diversification and jobs: timber will be sold to promote and stimulate the production of specialty and high-value forest products and to produce jobs; the establishment of new sawmills will not be encouraged;
l competition and profit: timber marketing through a competitive process helps ensure that the most efficient firms are awarded timber sales and the province receives a fair rate of return for the forest resource; and,
l forest management: sound, integrated, forest management will be demonstrated and encouraged throughout the province.
Client situation There were 2,135 registrants in the program on March 31, 1992. Market loggers comprised 83 per cent of the total while the remaining 17 per cent operated either small sawmills or remanufacturing plants.
The program provides opportunities for numerous private sector contractors who construct roads, reforest land, measure and protect the timber resource, and assist in the planning of forest management activities.
Activities Program development
Changes were made to the program, reflecting the recommendations of two reviews conducted in 1990-91.
The changes, including rewording of the program objectives to emphasize forest management and discourage registration of new sawmills, and the introduction of new evaluation procedures for bid proposal sales, were announced and became effective May 31, 1991.
Bid proposal sales
These sales, designed to encourage and promote value-added manufacturing, continue to receive strong interest.
During the year, 29 bid proposal sales were awarded, providing about 1.2 million cubic metres of timber to remanufacturers and specialty producers. Successful applicants proposed capital
58
investments totalling $2.6 million, the creation of 251 new jobs, and the maintenance of 663 jobs.
Special bid proposal sales designed to encourage small sawmills to provide lumber to remanufacturers were introduced. Nine of these sales were sold, providing about 67 000 cubic metres of timber.
Volume sold
A total of 8.4 million cubic metres of timber was sold during 1991-92. At the time of sale, the timber was valued at $119.7 million.
Work to support timber sales
Most of the work necessary to support the program’s timber sales was conducted by contractors.
Some of the accomplishments were:
l road construction: 691 kilometres;
l timber cruising: 10.2 million cubic metres;
l planting: 16 116 hectares and 26.9 million trees; and,
l brushing and spacing: 3 775 hectares.
Silviculture
All forest lands on which timber has been harvested under the program will be reforested by the ministry.
Tables L-4 and L-5 summarize silviculture achievements in the program.
Program management
The program is managed on a self-financing basis. The ministry assumes responsibility for the construction of main
forest roads and bridges, silviculture, and other forest management requirements that are incidental to operations that yield small business revenue.
The Small Business Forest Enterprise Account receives all revenues and is the source of funding for all program expenditures.
Revenue in excess of the funds required for current expenditures and future silviculture obligations is returned to the province’s general revenue fund.
An annual business plan outlines the program’s revenue goals and expenditure limits. Program performance is also monitored through quarterly reports submitted to Treasury Board.
Expenditures
The budget for the year was $85.9 million while actual expenditures were $76.9 million. (Table L-l). The major expenditure, $29.3 million, was for the construction of roads to provide access to future timber sales. Silviculture expenditures were $20.2 million.
59
Revenues Revenues for 1991-92 totalled $131.4 million (Table l), based on a total timber volume billed of 8.4 million cubic metres.
After taking into account the opening balance of $70.8 million, and reserving $71.7 million for future silviculture costs, the Small Business Forest Enterprise Account returned $53.5 million to the government’s general revenue fund.
Effects on clients The volume of timber available for sale to loggers and sawmillers under the program remained steady throughout the year. However, the volume sold to remanufacturers through bid proposal sales declined, because much of the available volume was sold the previous year.
Forecasts Timber will continue to be sold to achieve the objectives of the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program. At least three large new remanufacturing facilities are expected to come on stream in 1992-93 as a result of recently awarded bid proposal sales.
111 recerzt years iizrlmtry, with emorirrlgewle~lt from
gouenmetit, has started yrogrrzms to encowage ualiie-
mlded yrocessitzg in the wood products idustq
60
South Moresbv Implementation
Two special accounts are included under this initiative:
l South Moresby Implementation - Forest Replacement; and,
l South Moresby Implementation - Forestry Compensation.
South Moresby Implementation - Forest Replacement Program description and goals
The South Moresby Forest Replacement Account promotes enhanced forest management and provides economic opportunities for the people of the Queen Charlotte Islands.
The account was jointly established by the federal government and the province of British Columbia in 1988 to help offset the reduction in timber supply and loss of forestry jobs that resulted from the creation of South Moresby National Park Reserve.
As a result of the park’s creation, an estimated 147 000 hectares were removed from the timber producing land base in the area.
The federal and provincial governments each deposited $12 million into the account. Since 1990, the interest-bearing account has been managed as a 99-year fund so that the benefits can be realized over a substantial period of time.
Accrued interest on the account is expected to maintain an annual funding level of $2.5 million. The funds are intended to supplement, rather than replace, ongoing forestry programs.
In 1991-92, a significant change was made in the administration of the account. A joint federal/provincial management committee continues to oversee the account, but overall co-ordination and planning were transferred to the Queen Charlotte Islands Forest District. This is intended to make the program more sensitive to the needs of the local communities and the Islands’ forests.
Account funds are limited to projects that are either located in or developed for the Queen Charlotte Islands. Projects can be undertaken on any productive lands, which are committed to long- term forest management, such as provincia1 timber supply areas and tree farm licences.
Projects can also occur on private, native, municipal, or federal lands.
Eligible projects include communications, forest inventory, silviculture, research, information extension and demonstration, and implementation costs.
Priority is given to projects and treatments that provide the best combination of increased timber productivity and employment.
Client situation
The account’s client group includes residents of the Queen Charlotte Islands, forestry consultants, silviculture contractors, the research community, and the forest industry.
61
Activities Accomplishments include:
l spacing and fertilization, as summarized in Table M-2;
l work on 15 research projects, including the maintenance of wildlife diversity, the population dynamics of black-tailed deer, an evaluation of alternative silvicultural systems on steep slopes, and the enhancement of productivity in coastal cedar-hemlock ecosystems;
l inventory studies on the growth and yield of natural stands, a re- inventory of the islands’ forests, operability mapping, and standing-timber volume decay studies; and,
l forest health projects, in co-operation with Forestry Canada, concentrating on developing a framework for monitoring pest problems with alternative silvicultural systems, and an evaluation of pest problems in spaced stands.
Expenditures The forecast expenditures for the replacement account were $2.5 million. Actual expenditures were $2.5 million (Table M-l).
Effects on clients
Activities conducted under the account enhanced timber productivity on the available land base in the Queen Charlotte Islands. They also increased local employment opportunities, with more than 90 per cent of the work being completed by forestry consultants and silviculture contractors. Employment generated in 1991-92 is estimated at approximately 30 person years.
Forecasts A modest reduction in juvenile spacing is planned for next year, in order to provide the funding for a strong educational component in communication initiatives, as well as a special inventory of areas containing concentrations of culturally modified trees.
A small research facility at the Queen Charlotte Islands district office and a review of the role of research is planned for 1992-93.
Stronger community involvement is expected, now that the account is being administered locally.
South Moresby Implementation - Forestry Compensation
The compensation account was established in 1988 and is administered by a joint federal/provincial committee. The purpose of the account is to provide for the acquisition of third-party forest interests associated with the establishment of South Moresby National Park Reserve.
62
Expenditures for the year totalled $38.2 million. (Table M-l). This year, the major claimant, Western Forest Products Ltd., was paid $37.0 million for full and final compensation. Only one claim is outstanding and is currently under negotiation.
test nursery, Saanich
lrnproz~ed research techniques have greiz tly increased the s1irzGzd rate of seedlings
63
NOTE: All financial data for 1991-92 contained in Section III is based on an accrual accounting system and is unaudited.
Table 1: Revenue in 1991-92, by category, by region
Category Prince Prince
Cariboo Kamloops Nelson George Rupert Vancouver Victoria Totals
‘000
Stumpage . . . . . . . . $37,991
Rents and fees . . . . 1,735
Small Business Forest Enterprise 18,085
Royalties . . . . . . . 2
Export fees . . . . .
Scaling fees . . . . . . 180
Range fees . . . . . . . 476
Interest . . . . . . . . 99
Miscellaneous’ . . . (24)
Totals . . . . . . . $58,544
$53,735 $21,029 $113,114 $36,191 $149,323 - $411,383
1,794 1,042 3,366 2,086 6,413 610 17,046
13,162
219
233
500
402
56
$70,101
7,680
155
9
163
119
174
183
$30,554
36,273
-
369
188
996
170
$154,476
16,745 39,431 - 131,376
432 23,697 - 24,505
2,768 4,886 - 7,663
152 1,184 2,281
40 5 - 1,328
399 1,402 15 3,487
38 638 7,788 8,849
$58,851 $226,979 $8,413 $607,918
’ Victoria includes $6.501 million for “seedling trades” to the Sustainable Environment Fund of which $4.14 million was transferred from the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program. Nelson includes $0.119 million from Downie Street Sawmills to the Forest Stand Management Fund. Cariboo includes an erroneous charge of $0.055 million which should have been to stumpage.
64
Table 2: Expenditure and full-time equivalents (FTEs) in 1991-92, by source of funds
Source of funds
Expenditure Full-time equivalents1
Forecast2 Actual Forecast Actual
Vote 34 A. Minister’s Office . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vote 35: Ministry Operations,
B. Management Services 1 Forest Renewal Plan . . . . . . . . 2 Support for other programs . .
C. Harvesting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
D. Research 1 Forest Renewal Plan . . . . . . . . 2 Support for other programs . .
E. Forest Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F. Integrated Resource Management
G. Inventory 1 Forest Renewal Plan . . . . . . . . 2 Support for other programs . .
Totals Vote 35 . . . . . . . . . .
Vote 36: Fire Suppression
H. Direct Fire Fighting . . . . . . . . . . . .
I. Fire Suppression Preparedness . .
Totals Vote 36 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vote 37: Forest Renewal
J. Silviculture Administration . . . . .
Totals (voted) . . . . . . . . .
Special Accounts (Statutory): Section 14” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 2@ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
K. Sustainable Environment Fund Forest Renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . .
L. Small Business Forest Enterprise
M. South Moresby Implementation 1 Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Totals (Ministry) . . . . . . . . .
. .
. .
. .
. . 21,019 32,192
. . 28,708 27,492
. . 49,727 59,684
. . 2,500 2,495
. . 36,700 38,216
. .
$374 $334 6.0 5.9
8,320 9,010 33.0 32.5 110,918 109,370 1,130.o 1,111.l
65,363 65,752 1,082.O 1,063.9
6,526 6,115 18.0 17.7 12,062 12,543 205.0 201.6
18,989 18,877 256.0 251.7
21,127 23,178 235.0 231.1
12,568 11,059 12,900 11,068
268,773 266,972
28.0 27.5 157.0 154.4
- -
- -
- -
37.0 36.4
49,715
$368,589
50,448
$377,438
762.0 749.2
192 15
- -
179,817 171,721
85,867 76,869
-
-
$673,473 $666,946
- -
-
-
- -
3,949.0
- -
3,883.0
‘000 FIEs
’ The concept of full-time equivalent (FTE) is based upon the normal working hours of one full-time employee for a one-year period (1,827 hours) and is used to account for all personnel on a similar basis.
2 Amounts shown reflect the final allocation for the year and include all transfers approved by Treasury Board and the ministry’s executive during the year.
a Increase in provision for bad and doubtful accounts.
4 Interest on revenue refunds.
65
Table 3: Expenditures in 1991-92, by category, by region
Category Prince Prince
Cariboo Kamloops Nelson George Rupert Vancouver Victoria Totals
‘000
Wages and salaries’ $17,450 $22,213 $21,087 $24,730 $18,939 $30,271 $58,558 $193,248
Professional services 19,966 30,613 27,291 48,975 29,100 35,809 40,016 231,770
Other Expenses . . . 5,873 12,074 12,252 20,983 16,944 18,003 155,799 241,928
Totals . . . . . . . . $43,289 $64,900 $60,630 $94,688 $64,983 $84,083 $254,373 $666,946
’ Includes addition of leave liability of $1.667 million
Table 4: Productive forest land’ in 1991-92 in timber supply areas and tree farm licences. bv reaion
Region Mature timbe Immature timbeI3 Not stocked2 Totals
Cariboo . . . . . .
Kamloops . . . .
Nelson . . . . . .
Prince George .
Prince Rupert .
Vancouver . . . .
Totals . . . .
. ,
‘000 hectares
. . . 3 634 2 179 136 5 949
. . 2 446 1 763 229 4 438
. . 1 320 1 889 239 3 448
. . . 9 552 5 800 2 069 17 421
. . . 6 396 2 083 916 9 395
. . 3 293 1 456 196 4 945
. . 26 641 15 170 3 785 45 596
’ Source: 1991-92 Inventory Branch reports. Includes only productive forest land where timber harvesting is restricted partly or wholly by factors such as timber quality, accessibility and environmental sensitivity. Excludes:
l Crown forest land in timber licences; l all private land;
l all federal land; l provincial parks and miscellaneous reserves; and,
l non-productive and non-forest lands.
The province’s total area is 94.8 million hectares.
z Not stocked productive forest land. Includes areas (current and pre-1982 backlog) that were disturbed by harvesting, wildfire or other causes and were not satisfactorily restocked with sufficient trees of acceptable commercial species. Anticipated regeneration delay may be between one and seven years on current lands that are not satisfactorily restocked. Also includes non-commercial areas, either covered with commercial trees species or 60 per cent or more with brush one or more metres high.
3 Stands with lodgepole pine and whitebark pine or deciduous species as the leading species are immature if the stand age is 80 years or less; when the stand age is greater than 80 years, the stand is mature. Otherwise, all stands having conifers other than lodgepole pine and whitebark pine as the leading species are immature when age is 120 years or less; when the stand age is greater than 120 years, the stand is mature.
66
Table 5: Deletion of land from provincial forests in 1991-92, by region
Designated use of land deleted
Region Industry and Parks and Total Parcels
Agriculture transportation recreation Residential Other Totals Removed
Cariboo . . . . . .
Kamloops . . . .
Nelson . . . . .
Prince George
Prince Rupert
Vancouver . . .
Totals . .
hectares
3 953.17 2.61 - 34.20 5.56 3 995.54 180.00
4.66 - - 27.24 2.33 34.23 71.00
11.25 19.50 - 1.66 4.50 36.91 5.00
282.22 283.62 41 .oo 11.84 8.18 626.86 56.00
- - - 0.36 86.25 86.61 2.00
69.50 - 3 661.73 1.33 61.03 3 793.59 19.00
4 320.80 305.73 3 702.73 76.63 167.85 8 573.74 333.00
67
Table 6: Changes in the not-satisfactorily-restocked (NSR) Crown land’ in 1991-92
Obligation Category2
Ministry SBFEP Major Licensees Post ‘87 Post ‘88 Post ‘87 Total
Responsibility Ministry Ministry Ministry (Oct. 1187) (Jan. 1188) (Oct. l/87) All years Year of denudation Pre-‘82 Pre-‘82 1982-87 all sites all sites all sites all sites Site classification Poor and low Good and all sites
medium
hectares
Total NSR at the end of 1991-923 . . . . . . . . . . . . 234 088
Additions in NSR in 1991-92 due to:
Harvesting4 fire, and pests5 . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 527
Plantation failures . . . . 1 516
Natural regeneration failures . . . . . . . . . . 9 098
Total additions to NSR . . . . . . . . . . . 17 141
Reductions to NSR in 1991-92 due to:
Planting6 . . . . . . . . . . 4 032
Natural regeneration 39 621
Reclassification of NSR to NP’ . . . . . . 26 412
Total reductions to NSR . . . . . . . . . . . 70 065
Total NSR end of 1991-92 . . . . . . . . . 181 164
Net decrease in NSR in 1991-92 52 924
382 323
4 153
9 600
8 951
22 704
31 635
40 950
5 831
78 416
326 611
55 712 -__
Notes to Table 6 on following page.
498 391 50 035 64 800 467 958 1 697 595
791 2 220 12 717 133 331 159 739
9 481 897 358 394 22 246
1 534 15 63 - 19 661
11 806 3132 13138 133 725 201 646
46 669 2 883 15 269 100 006 200 494
38 658 4 853 423 4 757 129 262
7 434 199 129 - 40 005
92 761 7 935 15 821 104 763 369 761
417 436 45 232 62 1178 496 9208 1 529 480
80 955 4 803 2 683 (28 962) 168 115
68
Notes for Table 6
1 The information in this table does not include 2.2 million hectares of NSR which are included in the Inventory summary of NSR in Table 4. The Inventory database is on a two-year update cycle, therefore, much of the 2.2 million hectares is still classified as non-commercial timber, even though natural regeneration is in progress on many of the areas, as reflected in this table.
2 Key to obligation category, based on the responsibility for reforestation to the free-growing stage
Pre-‘82, poor and low sites Poor ,and low NSR sites created prior to 1982 are given a low priority for funding.
Pre-‘82, good, medium sites A large portion of this obligation category was treated under FRDA I (1985-1990).
1982-87, all sites Includes areas under the Small Business Enterprise Program (cut prior to January 1, 1988), and areas of Major Licensees (cut prior to October 1, 1987). Together with ministry pre-‘82, good and medium sites, these areas are considered “outstanding obligations.”
Post Oct. 1, 1987 all sites The ministry remains responsible for basic silviculture on all areas denuded by fire or pests.
SBFEP Basic silviculture on areas denuded after January 1, 1988 is funded by the SBFEP account and implemented by the ministry.
Major Licensees post-‘87 Basic silviculture on all areas harvested after October 1, 1987 is funded by major licensees. all sites Licensees have six to seven years to reach the basic silviculture requirement through natural
regeneration, or three to four years through planting, as specified in the pre-harvest silviculture prescription.
3 Adjustments to NSR figures reported in the 1990-91 annual report can be summarized as follows: Total NSR at the end of 1990-91: 1 968 863 hectares.
(a) Adjustments to Tree Farm Licences 39 and 47 data reported in 1990-91: 17 000 hectares. (b) Adjustments to the operable land base in the Cassiar Timber Supply Area (area removed from the silviculture database and
reclassified as stocked in inventory records). -239 000 hectares. (c) Late updates to the database: Further decrease in NSR (pre-‘87): -114 893 hectares; and, further increase in NSR (post-‘87);
99 625 hectares. Total NSR at the beginning of 199-92: 1 697 595 hectares.
1 NSR resulting from harvesting is the net area to be regenerated after harvest (excluding roads, landings, and other non- productive areas).
5 Openings caused by fire or pests re6zr to incidence in mature timber or in areas already classified as free growing. Fire and pest incidence prior to free growing is considered plantation or natural regeneration failure.
6 Area planted does not equal the totals in tables K-5 and K-7 due to differences in reporting method by Tree Farm Licence holders for pre-‘87 NSR.
’ NP is non-productive land. Reclassification to NP is due to roads, landings, swamps, rock outcrops, etc.
8 Stocking is in progress on these areas and is within allowable regeneration periods
69
NOTE: All financial data for 1991-92 contained in Section IV is based on an accrual accounting system and is unaudited.
Table A-l: Minister’s office expenditures in 1991-92, by category of expenditure
Category Totals
Salaries ...........................
Professional services ...............
Other expenses ....................
Total .........................
. .
. .
. .
~ ‘000 ~
...... $264
...... 47
...... 23
...... $334
Table B-l: Management Services - Forest Renewal Plan expenditures in 1991-92, by activity
Activity Totals
Financial Services ..................
Human Resources .................
Audit Services .....................
Information Systems ...............
Technical and Administrative Services
Relocation ........................
Total ............................
......
......
......
......
......
......
. . . . . . .
~ ‘000 ~
$1,526
351
4
3,861
3,225
43
$9,010
70
Table B-2: Management Services - support for other program expenditures in 1991-92, by activity
Activity Totals
Deputy minister’s office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Assistant deputy minister’s office, Management Services’ . . . . .
Financial Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Human Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
‘000
$579
567
5,041
2,714
Audit Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Technical and Administrative Services .
Public Affairs and Library Services . . . . . . . .
Relocations and job interviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vehicle Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forest Operations Division2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Assistant Deputy Ministers
Chief Forester . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Forest Resources Policy Division3 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
724
20,509
30,187
1,085
3
19
46,666
311 746 219
$109,370
* Includes addition of leave liability of $0.285 million.
* Includes addition of leave liability of $1.114 million.
3 Forest Resources Policy Division was eliminated in February, 1992.
71
Table C-l : Harvesting expenditures in 1991-92, by activity, by region
Activity Prince Prince
Cariboo Kamloops Nelson George Rupert Vancouver Victoria
‘000
Timber valuation . . . . $1,197
Timber harvesting’ . . . 1,890
Engineering . . . . . . . . 1,392
Economics and Revenue policy . . . . -
Land use policy . . . . . -
Industry Development Branch . . . . . . . . . . . . -
Strategic planning and analysis . . . . . . . . . . . -
Totals . . . . . . . . . . $4,479
$1,469
2,354
1,996
-
-
-
-
$5,819
$1,445 $1,785
2,860 3,440
2,872 2,989
Totals
$1,786 $4,454 $5,532
1,366 4,272 8,865
1,518 4,171 831
- - 2,855
- - 944
- - 2,804
- - 665
$4,670 $12,897 $22,496
$17,668
25,047
15,769
2,855
944
- - 2,804
- 665
$7,177 $8,214 $65,752
’ Excludes $10.891 million transferred to the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program for administration expense (Table L-l).
Includes additions of leave liability of $1.280 million and vehicles of $4.029 million.
72
Table D-l: Research - Forest Renewal Plan expenditures in 1991-92, by activity, by region
Activity Prince Prince
Cariboo Kamloops Nelson George Rupert Vancouver Victoria Totals
‘000
Forest Renewal Plan $236 $245 $198 $178 $195 $228 $4,835 $6,115
Totals . . . . . . . . . $236 $245 $198 $178 $195 $228 $4,835 $6,115
’ Includes addition of leave liability of $0.038 million.
Table D-2: Research - support for other program expenditures in 1991-92, by activity, by region
Activity Prince Prince
Cariboo Kamloops Nelson George Rupert Vancouver Victoria Totals
Management’ . . .
Technical support group . . . . . . . . .
Integrated resource management . . .
Forest renewal section . . . . . . . .
Forest productivity and decision support . . . . . . . .
Regional sciences .
Totals . . . . . . .
‘000
. . $Z!2 $23 $53 $57 $20 $47 $1,453 $1,675
-- - - - - - . . 2,143 2,143
-- - - - . . 1,480 1,480
_- - - - - - . . 2,180 2,180
_- - - - - - . . 922 922
. . 603 649 519 596 917 859 - 4,143
. . $625 $672 $572 $653 $937 $906 $8,178 $12,543
1 Includes additions of leave liability of $0.243 million and vehicles of $0.458 million.
73
Table E-l: Forest protection expenditures in 1991-92, by activity, by region
Activity Prince Prince
Cariboo Kamloops Nelson George Rupert Vancouver Victoria Totals
‘000
Administration’ . . .
Fire management . . . .
Pest management2 .
Air operations . . . . . .
Planning development and research . . . . .
$461 $1,378 $617 $814 $744 $1,098 $1,943 $7,055
599 315 1,095 978 618 237 465 4,307
912 1,179 998 1,067 817 87 1,039 6,099
181 189 153 199 125 30 199 1,076
- - - - - - 340 340
Totals . . . . . . . . . $2,153 $3,061 $2,863 $3,058 $2,304 $1,452 $3,986 $18,877
’ Excludes $0.826 million transferred to the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program for administration expenses (Table L-l) Includes additions of leave liability of $0.476 million and vehicles of $1.429 million.
2 Pest management and forest health programs were transferred to Forest Renewal during 1991-92.
74
Table F-l: Integrated resources management expenditures in 1991-92, by activity, by region
Activity Prince Prince
Cariboo Kamloops Nelson George Rupert Vancouver Victoria Totals
‘000
Administration’ . . . . . . $76 $142 $67 $75 $38 $100 $1,593 $2,091
Resource Planning . . . . 588 893 950 942 821 1,305 2,604 8,103
Range management . . . 1,164 1,541 850 983 393 12 843 5,786
Recreation management 769 1,253 903 979 662 1,509 1,123 7,198
Totals . . . . . . . . . . . $2,597 $3,829 $2,770 $2,979 $1,914 $2,926 $6,163 $23,178
’ Includes additions of leave liability of $0.356 million and vehicle expenses of $0.828 million.
75
Table G-l: Inventory - Forest Renewal Plan expenditures in 1991-92, by activity, by region
Activity Prince Prince
Cariboo Kamloops Nelson George Rupert Vancouver Victoria Totals
‘000
Forest Renewal Plan’ $862 $942 $1,421 $2,527
Totals . . . . . . . . . . $862 $942 $1,421 $2,527
’ Includes addition of leave liability of $0.063 million.
$834 $1,146 $3,327 $11,059
$834 $1,146 $3,327 $11,059
Table G-2: Inventory - support for other program expenditures in 1991-92, by activity, by region
Activity Prince Prince
Cariboo Kamloops Nelson George Rupert Vancouver Victoria Totals
Administration’ . . . .
Map loading/digitizing
Periodic re-inventory and tree farm licences
Growth and yield . . . . . .
Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Systems operation and maintenance . . . . . . .
Training and extension
Updates . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Totals . . . . . . . . . . .
‘000
$436 $346 $446 $388 $358 $647
- - 174 - -
35 124 232 786 235 222
18 125 14 - - - - - -
- - - - - -
1 - - - 3 -
47 131 24 281 125 46
$519 $601 $720 $1,754 $735 $915
$1,180 $3,801
1,553 1,727
688 2,322
494 651
550 550
973 973
386 390
- 654
$5,824 $11,068
’ Includes additions of leave liability of $0.181 million and vehicle expenses of $0.262 million.
76
Table H-l: Direct fire-fighting expenditures in 1991-92, by activity, by region
Activity Prince Prince
Cariboo Kamloops Nelson George Rupert Vancouver Victoria Totals
‘000
Resource availability . .
Direct fire fighting . . . .
Emergency equipment
Fire detection flying . .
Air tanker flying . . . . . .
Fire support flying . . . .
Totals . . . . . . . . . .
$18 $244 $136 $788 $75 $392 $2,512 $4,165
218 2,009 1,309 4,092 1,708 820 4,619 14,775
69 63 6 - 2 - 2,299 2,439
23 75 237 453 98 27 - 913
86 198 150 332 225 125 664 1,780
235 544 731 4,116 1,389 432 673 8,120
$649 $3,133 $2,569 $9,781 $3,497 $1,796 $10,767 $32,192
Table I-1: Fire preparedness expenditures in 1991-92, by activity, by region
Activity Prince Prince
Cariboo Kamloops Nelson George Rupert Vancouver Victoria Totals
Initial attack crews . . . . .
Detection and surveillance . . . . . . .
Weather and fire behavior . . . . . . . . . . . .
Equipment purchases .
Aircraft availability . . . .
Air tanker bases . . . . . .
Planning, research and systems . . . . . . . . . . .
Public information services . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contracts and agreements . . . . . . . .
Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tanker base
$486 $402 $489 $420 $247 $526 $2,625 $5,195
709 115 186 312 385 14 13 1,134
219
9
-
147
180 161 181 124
20 11 111 6
- - - -
188 144 138 137
- -
10 117
1 55
32 95
development . . . . . . . . - -
Unit crews . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 102
Totals . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,0.41 $1,274
‘000
-
14
84
45
-
-
$1,134
142 217 1,224
31 708 896
- 11,665 11,665
152 49 955
- - - 2,657 2,657
25 7 16 64 253
1 -
56 31
227 485
137 509
- -
- 5
$1,244 $942
117
113
-
-
$1,111
333 333
2,051 2,186
$20,746 $27,492
77
Table J-l : Silviculture support expenditures in 1991-92, by activity, by region
Activity Prince Prince
Cariboo Kamloops Nelson George Rupert Vancouver Victoria Totals ___.
‘000
Administration’ ...... $3,343 $4,916 $4,331 $6,168 $3,565 $5,467 $22,658 $50,448
Totals .......... $3,343 $4,916 $4,331 $6,168 $3,565 $5,467 $22,658 $50,448
r Excludes $4.684 million transferred to the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program for administration expenses (Table L-l). Includes expenditures for administration, technical co-ordination, seed and nursery operations and extensions. Includes additions of leave liability of $1.019 million and vehicle expenses of $2.724 million.
Table K-l : Sustainable Environment Fund - Forest Renewal expenditures in 1991-92, by activity, by region
Activity Prince Prince
Cariboo Kamloops Nelson George Rupert Vancouver Victoria Totals -
‘000
FRDA II’ . . . . . . . . . . , . $984 $1,177 $2,377 $741 $852 $7,309 $6,521 $19,961
Forest Resource Commission . . . . . - - - - - - 1,566 1,566
Incremental Silviculture 2,516 1,653 1,679 2,173 2,019 8,447 422 18,909
Outstanding Obligations2 . . . . . . . . 11,191 18,836 16,109 30,597 14,560 10,619 24,249 126,161
Current Reforestation3 787 197 1,328 382 873 214 1,343 5,124
Totals . . . . . . . . . . . $15,478 $21,863 $21,493 $33,893 $18,304 $26,589 $34,101 $171,721
’ Canada-British Columbia Partnership Agreement on Forest Resource Development.
* Includes ministry and industry outstanding.
3 Includes audits and previous fire and pest sub-program.
78
Table K-l *: Silviculture expenditures under all ministry funded forest renewal programs in 1991-92, by funding source, by program, by region
Funding Prince Prince source Clariboo Kamloops Nelson George Rupert Vancouver Victoria Totals
‘000
Vote 37 Silviculture support’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,343 $4,916
Small Business Forest Enterprise Program2 . . . . 987 2,255
South Moresby Replacement Account3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . - -
Forest Renewal4
Current Reforestation5 . . . 787 197
Outstanding Obligation+ 11,191 18,836 Incremental Silviculture7 2,516 1,653
Forest Resource Devel- opment Agreement8 . . . 984 1,177
Forest Resources Commission . . . . . . . . . - -
Totals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $19,808 $29,034
$4,331 $6,168 $3,565 $5,467 $22,658 $50,448
2,093 7,345 5,033 2,525 - 20,238
- - - 2,428
1,328 382 873 214 1,343 5,124
16,109 30,597 14,560 10,619 24,249 126,161 1,679 2,173 2,019 8,447 422 18,909
2,377 741 852 7,309 6,521 19,961
- - - -
$27,917 $47,406 $26,902 $37,009
- 2,428
1,566 1,566
$56,759 $244,835
’ Excludes $16.401 million transferred to Small Business Forest Enterprise Program for administration expenses (Table J-1).
* Small Business Forest Enterprise Program (Table L-l).
1 South Moresby Forest Replacement fwcount - excludes research expenditure (Table M-l).
a Sustainable Environment Fund.
5 Includes audits and previous fire and pest sub-program, (Table K-l).
h Includes ministry and industry outstanding, and $3.070 million for nursery operations and development (Table K-l).
’ Includes $4.750 million for Community Forestry Program, (Table K-l).
H Canada-British Columbia Partnership Agreement on Forest Resource Development, (Table K-l).
79
Table L-l : Small Business Forest Enterprise Program expenditures in 1991-92, by activity, by region
Activity Prince Prince
Cariboo Kamloops Nelson George Rupert Vancouver Victoria Totals
‘000
Administration’ ...... $1,778 $2,485 $1,564 $2,538 $3,062 $4,639 $352 $16,418
Harvesting .......... 2,276 5,721 4,858 6,216 9,229 10,042 214 38,556
Silviculture .......... 987 2,255 2,093 7,345 5,033 2,525 - 20,238
Protection ........... 304 570 207 103 319 154 - 1,657
Totals .......... $5,345 $11,031 $8,722 $16,202 $17,643 $17,360 $566 $76,869
’ Transferred from Harvesting $10.891 million, (Table C-l), Silviculture $4.684 million, (Table J-l), and Protection $0.826 million, (Table E-l), programs, plus miscellaneous expenditure $0.017 million.
Table M-l : South Moresby Implementation expenditures in 1991-92, by activity, by region
Activity Prince Prince
Cariboo Kamloops Nelson George Rupert Vancouver Victoria Totals
‘000
Forest Replacement Intensive silviculture - - - - $1,834 - $1,834
Inventory . . . . . . . . . . - - - - 244 - 244
Research and demonstration . . . . - - - - - 261 67 328
Implementation.. . . . . - - - - - 79 - 79
Pest management . . . . - - - - - 10 - 10
Totals . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 0 0 0 $2,428 $67 $2,495
Forestry Compensation’ - - - - -
’ Includes Provincial Government payout of $37.00 million to Western Forest Products.
- $38,216 $38,216
80
Table C-2: Average stumpage prices’ in 1991-92, by region
All Species
Region Volume Price
Cariboo . . . . . , . , . ,
Kamloops . . . . . . . .
Nelson . . . . . . .
Prince Gleorge . .
Prince Rupert Coast . . . . . . . Interior . . . . .
Subtotal . . .
Vancouver
Coast . . . . . . . . . . Interior . . . . . . . .
Subtotal . . . . .
Totals* . . . . .
. . , ,
. . . .
. . . .
. . . .
. . . .
. . . .
. . . .
. . . .
. . . .
. . . .
. . . .
Weighted average . - . . . . . .
. . .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
(000 m3) G/m31 7 478 $5.50
7 558 7.12
4 507 4.33
13 140 8.61
400 8.69 6 933 4.98
7 333 5.18
14 078 9.84 436 7.38
14 514 9.76
54 530
$7.47
* Based on gross stumpage received on timber billed from tree farm licences, forest licences and timber sale licences. Volume excludes firmwood rejects, waste, and special forest products. Excludes stumpage received from Small Business Forest Enterprise Program sales.
* Figures may not add due to rounding.
81
Table C-3: Volume of all products billed’ in 1991-92, by land status, by region
Land Prince Prince status Cariboo Kamloops Nelson George Rupert Vancouver Totals5
Crown land Tree farm licencez . . . . . . . . .
Forest licence . . . . . . . . . . .
Timber sale licence (outside Small Business Forest Enterprise Program) . . . .
Timber sale licence (Small Business Forest Enterprise Program) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Licence to cut . . . . . . . . . . . . . Timber licence - stumpage
bearing . . . . . . . . . . . .
Royalty within tree farm licence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Royalty outside tree farm licence . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Woodlot licence . . . . . . . . . . .
Other3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sub-totals . . . . . . . . . .
453 776 885 992 1 235 7 972 12 312
6 696 6 350 3 411 11 756 5 673 6 224 40 109
130 292 94 217 219 131 1 083
1 263 1 039 732 2 219 1 336 1 875 8 465 144 51 56 321 172 76 820
- - - -
- - - - 108
- 43 47
76 80 32
24 59 87
8 785 8 689 5 344
141 26
182 79
15 828 8 847
2 528 2 635
1 970 2 060 52 407
254 685
21 083 68 575
Private land4
Within tree farm licence . . . .
Within woodlot licence . . . . Outside tree farm licence
and woodlot licence . . .
Sub-totals . . . . . .
- -
- 7 -
- -
- 413 419 -
275 567 950 906 192 2 863 5 752
275 567 957 906 192 3 276 6 172
Federal land and Indian reserves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 50 18 62 38 173
Totals5 . . . . . . . . . 9 065 9 306 6 301 16 752 9 101 24 396 74 920
‘000 m3
* Includes firmwood rejects, does not include residue and waste volumes.
z Includes schedule B lands only.
i Includes rights-of-way, beachcomb, trespass and miscellanea.
a All Crown-granted lands.
5 Columns may not add due to rounding
82
Tabl
e C
-4:
Volu
me
of a
ll pr
oduc
ts
bille
d’
in 1
991-
92,
by r
egio
n,
by s
peci
es
Kegi
on
~___
Dou
glas
- Lo
dgep
ole
Whi
te
Bais
am
Ced
aI
Cype
ss
fir
uem
lno4
La
rch
Il~l-.
-..-*
pi
ne
Spru
ce
pine
O
ther
To
tals
’
‘000
m
’
Coas
t Pr
ince
R
uper
t Va
ncou
ver
. . .
Sub-
tota
ls
.
Inte
rior
Car
iboo
. .
. . .
Ka
mlo
ops
. .
Nel
son
. . .
. . .
Prin
ce
Geo
rge
Prin
ce
Rup
ert
Vanc
ouve
r . .
. Su
b-to
tals
Tota
ls’
. .
. .lO
74
5 7
109
899
7 53
8 12
351
36
1 19
448
14
807
20
1 1
461
74 9
20
’ In
clude
s fir
mwo
od
reje
cts.
In
clude
s al
l ha
rves
ting
on
Crow
n, pr
ivate
an
d fe
dera
l la
nds
and
India
n Re
serv
es.
Does
no
t in
clude
wa
ste
and
resid
ue
volum
es.
* Co
lumns
m
ay
not
add
due
to
roun
ding.
*Indi
cate
s vo
lume
less
th
an
500
cubi
c m
etre
s.
. 18
2 . .
4
274
91
5 52
9 5
620
14
* 34
7 -
1 11
0 -
1 88
1 3
222
8 91
0 *
15
792
42
270
894
3 22
2 9
257
* 16
90
2 42
27
1 . .
4
456
24 6
81
496
78
1 22
2 63
*
5 30
0 1
827
* -
78
9 06
5 . .
. .
1
027
479
- 1
670
290
87
3 57
0 2
015
73
95
9 30
6 42
4 69
3 -
. 94
1 52
3 27
4 2
319
970
80
77
6 30
1 1
936
13
* 38
7 44
*
6 07
9 7
426
1 86
7 16
752
. .
. .
2 2
70
153
1 4
2120
-
2 15
5 1
582
- 71
8
356
- 9
86
6 2
460
. .
136
73
3 91
54
13
159
1 19
0 50
239
.
6 28
9 1
489
4 4
316
3 09
4 36
1 19
432
90
4
745
23 9
36
Tabl
e C
-5:
Area
ha
rves
ted
in 1
991-
92’
-,___
_-._
_-. -
.-
Reg
ion
Har
vest
ing
met
hod
TFL’
Crow
n la
nd
Priv
ate
land
TSA’
O
ther
” Su
b-to
tals
TF
L’
TSA
Oth
er’
Sub-
tota
ls
Tota
ls
hect
ares
Car
iboo
C
lear
-cut
ting
Sele
ctiv
e cu
tting
Su
b-to
tals
Kam
loop
s C
lear
-cut
ting
Sele
ctiv
e cu
tting
Su
b-to
tals
Nel
son
Cle
ar-c
uttin
g Se
lect
ive
cutti
ng
Sub-
tota
ls
1 40
0 10
5 1
505
1 66
4 2
515
4 18
1
2 88
1 2
884
5 72
5
34 8
38
4 47
9 39
317
Prin
ce
Geo
rge
Prin
ce
Rup
ert
Cle
ar-c
uttin
g Se
lect
ive
cutti
ng
Sub-
tota
ls
Cle
ar-c
uttin
g Se
lect
ive
cutti
ng
Sub-
tota
ls
20 1
05
6 03
0 26
135
14 1
18
6 84
6 20
964
51 4
64
1 21
5 52
679
18 9
37
49
18 9
86
Vanc
ouve
r C
lear
-cut
ting
Sele
ctiv
e cu
tting
Su
b-to
tals
Sub-
tota
ls
Cle
ar-c
uttin
g Se
lect
ive
cutti
ng
1 25
4 - 1
254
1 28
8 35
0 1
638
1 31
7 25
4 1
571
3 84
6 43
3 88
9
1 76
5 - 1
765
10 0
24
- 10
024
19 4
94
647
32 1
84
- 33
438
-
4374
-
4374
-
36 5
58
- 37
812
-
16 9
47
206
18 4
41
- 3
111
52
3 51
3 -
20 0
58
258
21 9
54
-
9 59
3 32
7 11
237
6
3 74
8 -
4 00
2 -
13 3
41
327
15 2
39
6
39 3
17
755
43 9
18
3 19
4 1
005
- 1
048
142
40 3
22
755
44 9
66
3 33
6
15 6
23
- 17
388
34
5 -
- -
- 15
623
-
17 3
88
345
12 2
41
6 70
3 28
968
1
049
- 23
23
-
12 2
41
6 72
6 28
991
1
049
125
905
7 99
1 15
3 39
0 4
594
12 2
38
75
12 9
60
142
1 37
5 10
5 1
480
1 56
1 1
944
3 50
5
2 87
0 2
814
5 68
4
2 74
5 - 2
745
610 49
659
4 20
7 25
4 23
2
25
- 25
103
573
676 5 30
35
1 60
7 25
1632
594 - 594
579 57
63
6
2 91
3 68
5
7 54
6 16
7 7
713
1 54
9 49
1 59
8
5 83
5 82
5 91
7
13 3
68
4 93
7 20
875
5
764
34 8
03
105
34 9
08
174
265
18 7
24
Tota
ls
20 1
41
138
143
8 06
6 16
6 35
0 4
736
18 3
05
3 59
8 26
639
19
2 98
9
’ In
clude
s on
ly bl
ocks
wh
ere
all
harv
estin
g is
com
plet
ed.
’ In
clude
s Cr
own
land
wi
thin
tre
e fa
rm
licen
ces.
’ In
clude
s Cr
own
land
wi
thin
tim
ber
supp
ly ar
eas,
exclu
ding
tree
farm
lic
ence
s.
’ In
clude
s Cr
own
land
wi
thin
wo
odlot
lic
ence
s,
farm
le
ases
, lic
ence
s to
cu
t, fe
dera
l la
nds
and
India
n Re
serv
es.
5 In
clude
s pr
ivate
la
nd
with
in
tree
farm
lic
ence
s.
” In
clude
s pr
ivate
la
nd
outs
ide
tree
farm
lic
ence
s.
’ In
clude
s pr
ivate
la
nd
with
in
wood
lot
licen
ces,
fa
rm
leas
es,
licen
ces
to
cut,
fede
ral
land
s an
d In
dian
Rese
rves
.
Table C-6: Volume of logs exported from B.C. in 1991-92, by species
Species Exported
under permit’ Other exports2 Totals
Balsam . . . . . . .
Cedar . . . . . . . . . .
Cypress . . . . . . . .
Douglas-fir . . . . .
Hemlock . . . . . . ,
Lodgepole pine .
Spruce . . . , . . . . .
Other softwood .
Hardwood . . . . .
. .
. .
‘000 m3
316 65 381 * * *
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
.
1
63
463
3
235 *
16
Totals . . . . . . 1 097
21 22
48 111
105 568
2 5
11 246 + *
10 26
262 1 359
’ Export permit granted under Section 137 of the For& Act. Logs harvested from provincial Crown land, private land within a tree farm licence area, and from private land granted by the Crown after March 12, 1906.
* No export permit required under the Forest Act. Logs harvested from private land that was granted by the Crown prior to March 13, 1906, and is not within a tree farm licence area, and logs harvested from federal land and Indian reserves.
* Indicates volume less than 500 cubic metres.
85
Table C-7: Number of licences as of March 31, 1992, by region
Form of Prince Prince rights to timber Cariboo Kamloops Nelson George Rupert Vancouver Totals
number
2 5 5 4 3 15 34 89 79 58 169 51 36 482 15 25 27 26 23 50 166
- - - 4 - - 4
7 39 24 16 14 46 146
171 562 147 183 170 250 1,483
54 80 44 108 32 81 399
338 790 305 510 293 478 2,714
Regular licences
Tree farm licence’ . . . . . . . . Woodlot licence . . . . . . . . . .
Forest licence . . . . . . , . . . .
Timber sale licence (pulpwood agreement) . .
Timber sale licence (major)
Timber sale licence (minor) SBFIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other3 . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sub-totals . . . . . . . . . . .
Temporary licences
Forest licence4f5 . . . . . . . . . . 9 - 2 5 2 5 23 Timber sale licence6 - . . . . . . 3 3 1 3 6 16
Sub-totals . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 3 3 5 5 11 39
Totals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350 793 308 515 298 489 2,753
’ Tree Farm Licence 25 is in both the Vancouver and Prince Rupert forest regions.
2 Small Business Forest Enterprise Program (SBFEP): actual number of licences as at March 31, 1991.
s Licences issued within the Forest Service reserve. This total includes forest licences in effect on March 31, 1990, and licences for salvage sales, cash sales, free-use permits, etc.
4 Special Forest Licence in Lot 7741 Military Reserve.
5 Special forest licences, e.g., salvage sales.
6 Special timber sale licences.
86
Table C-8: Volume committed as of March 31, 1992, by region
Form of rights to cut timber Cariboo Kamloops Nelson
Tree farm licence’ . . . . . . . . . . .
Woodlot licence . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forest licence3
replaceable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . non-replaceable . . . . . . . . . . .
Timber sale licence (pulpwood agreement) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Timber sale licence (major)
replaceable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . non-replaceable . . . . . . . . . . .
Timber sale licence SBFEP2r4 . . Forest service reserve2 . . . . . . .
Totals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
580 771 1 302
74 80 48
4 561 5 717 3 597 1 525 235
- - -
17 48 51 423 265 49
1 008 1 044 848 249 306 203
8 437 8 231 6 333
Prince Prince George Rupert Vancouver Totals
‘000 m3
1 020 1 273 12 386 17 332
157 46 63 468
11 602 5 567 7 346 38 390 945 316 211 3 232
1 624 - - 1 624
19 39 164 338 - 295 116 1 148
2 583 1 561 2 172 9 216 551 199 149 1 657
18 501 9 296 22 607 73 405
’ Tree farm licence 25 is in both the Vancouver and Prince Rupert forest regions. Does not reflect the pending reductions to the areas of certain tree farm licences to provide allowable annual cut for the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program.
* Timber sales licence SBFEI’, includes ,volume for TSL major < = 10,000 m3. Volume is the allowable annual cut apportioned plus TEL-SBFEP allowable annual cut.
3 Includes non-replaceable forest licences.
4 Includes non-replaceable timber sale licences.
87
Table C-9: Forest Service road construction, inventory and construction costs in 1991-92, by region, by road size
Construction
Region Road size1 BY
licensee2 BY
ministry3 Current
inventory4 Construction
cost5
Cariboo Double lane Single lane Sub-totals
- - 855.7 - 71.1 3 228.9
0 71.1 4 084.6 $984: 984.0
Kamloops Double lane Single lane Sub-totals
- - 12.3 104.9 8 840.1 12.3 104.9 8 840.1
- - 261.5 17.6 138.1 8 339.4 17.6 138.1 8 600.9
- 49.4 2 485.5 28.4 69.7 3 983.2 28.4 119.1 6 468.7
- - 332.1 36.8 112.2 2 354.3 36.8 112.2 2 686.4
- 126.9 15.6 55.6 4 374.7 15.6 55.6 4 501.6
0 49.4 4 061.7 110.7 551.6 31 120.6
- 2,841 .o 2,841.0
Nelson Double lane Single lane Sub-totals
- 2,461.3 2,461.3
Prince George Double lane Single lane Sub-totals
230.8 2,490.2 2,721.0
Prince Rupert 4,375.2 4,375.2
Vancouver
Provincial Sub-totals
Double lane Single lane Sub-totals
Double lane Single lane Sub-totals
Double lane Single lane
- 4,784.5 4,784.5
230.8 17,936.2
Totals 110.7 601.0 35 182.3 $18,167.0
’ Forest Service road sizes:
Double lane - Class 1 (10 metres wide) Class 2 (nine metres wide) Class 3 (eight metres wide)
Single lane - Class 4 (six metres wide) Class 5 (five metres wide) Class 6 (four metres wide)
kilometres - $‘OOO -
* Forest Service roads constructed by licensee with the costs reflected in the calculation of stumpage.
1 Includes works approved under the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program and the Emergency Bark Beetle Program.
J March 31, 1992. Includes transfers to and from other government agencies and private ownership, and cancellations.
i Licensee costs not included.
88
Table C-10: Forest Servicx road improvement, upgrading and maintenance, with costs, in 1991-92, by region, by road size
.~
Improvements/upgrading* Maintenance3
Region Road size’ BY BY BY Improvements/
licensee4 ministry5 ministry5 upgrading6 Maintenance6
Cariboo
Kamloops
Nelson
Prince George
Prince Rupert
Vancouver
Provincial Double lane 17.0 Sub-totals Single lane 168.5
- - 168.7 934.1 168.7 934.1
- 15.0 106.5 1 462.5 106.5 1 477.5
33.0 667.2 88.6 953.4
121.6 1 620.6
0.6 - 153.0 304.2 153.6 304.2
- 103.7 102.8 974.8 102.8 1 078.5
33.6 785.9 702.3 5 064.0
Totals 185.5 735.9 5 849.9
Double lane Single lane Sub-totals
- -
0
Double lane - Single lane 24.7 Sub-totals 24.7
Double lane Single lane Sub-totals
- 7.0 7.0
Double lane 15.3 Single lane 109.5 Sub-totals 124.8
Double lane Single lane Sub-totals
- 18.0 18.0
Double lane Single lane Sub-totals
1.7 9.3
11.0
kilometres $‘OOO - -
82.7 435.0 82.7 435.0
$535; $210.0 535.0 210.0
- - 712.0 478.0 712.0 478.0
- 16.3 618.5 827.8 618.5 844.1
30.0 375.2 446.9 630.2 476.9 1,005.4
125.0 - 757.9 431.5 882.9 431.5
- - 667.7 738.7 667.7 738.7
155.0 391.5 3,738.0 3,316.2
$3,893.0 $3,707.7
* Forest Service road sizes:
Double lane - Class 1 (10 m&es wide) Class 2 (nine metres wide) Class 3 (eight metres. wide)
Single lane - Class 4 (six metres wide) Class 5 (five metres wide) Class 6 (four metres wide)
* Improvement beyond general surface maintenance: all aspects of structural maintenance, including road “reconstruction.”
3 Surface maintenance that includes culvert repairs and replacement of small culverts, cleaning of ditches, bank clearing, spot gravelling and surface grading.
4 Forest Service road improvements by the licensee and costs reflected in the calculation of stumpage.
5 Includes works approved under the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program and the Emergency Bark Beetle Program.
h Licensee costs not included.
89
Table C-l 1: Forest Service bridge and major culvert construction, inventory and costs in 1991-92, by region, by bridge class
Region Structure class’
Construction* Ministry Cost6
BY BY Current Inspection and licensee3 ministry4 inventory5 Construction maintenance
Cariboo
Kamloops
Nelson
Prince George
Prince Rupert
Vancouver
Provincial Sub-totals
P SP T MC Sub-totals P SP T MC Sub-totals P SP T MC Sub-totals P SP T MC Sub-totals P SP T MC Sub-totals IJ SP T MC Sub-totals P SP T
- 1 4 9 2 3 1
15 27
3 5
21
- 41 26 20 38 38
72 26 64 28
190 144 67
369 90
670 99
151 536 147 933 221 86
119 244 670 95 11
100 41
247 104 105 578
62 849 735 446
1,766 612
- 430.1 789.1 26.0
137.0 522.9
1,475.0 1,527.0
- 83.0 62.5
1,672.5 1,442.B
573.7 153.4
13.7 2J83.6 4,618.9
820.7 429.5 637.1
-
103.5 0 0 0 0
Totals 56 123 3 559 $6,506.2 !$l,BlO.O
number ‘000 - - - -
0 4 1 2
14 21 - - - -
0 11 - -
5 16
3 -
- 1
- - 1 3
- 5
19 27 2 1 2
11 16
9 4
11 7
31 2
- 4 1 7
10 15 16
$192.0 45.0
- 5.0
242.0 444.0
- 26.0 33.0
503.0 224.0 176.0 30.1
- -
$134i
- -
103.0 - - - -
56.5 - -
- 218.0 187.0
2.0 6.0 -
195.0 - - -
i Ministry of Forests’ structure classes:
P: Permanent: Any bridge having all of its major components constructed of steel, concrete, or timber that has been pressure- treated with a suitable preservative.
SF’: Semi-Permanent: Any bridge having a substantial portion of its components constructed of steel, concrete, or timber that has been pressure-treated with a suitable preservative.
T Temporary: Any bridge having most of its components constructed of untreated wood. MC: Major Culverts: A minimum diameter of 1 800 mm.
* Includes replacement structures.
3 As approved under “main access” policy, with cost reflected in the calculation of stumpage.
4 Includes works approved under the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program and the Emergency Bark Beetle Program.
5 March 31, 1992. Includes transfers to and from other government agencies and private ownership, deletions and closures.
6 Licensee costs not included.
90
Tabl
e E-
2:
Num
ber
and
caus
es
of w
ildfir
es
in 1
991-
92,
by c
ause
, by
reg
ion
-.
Car
iboo
Ka
mlo
ops
Nel
son
Prin
ce
Geo
rge
Prin
ce
Rup
ert
Vanc
ouve
r To
tals
Caus
e 19
91-
lo-y
ear
1991
- lo
-yea
r 19
91-
lo-y
ear
1991
- lo
-yea
r 19
91-
lo-y
ear
1991
- lo
-yea
r 19
91-
lo-y
ear
1992
av
erag
e 19
92
aver
age
1992
av
erag
e 19
92
aver
age
1992
av
erag
e 19
92
aver
age
1992
av
erag
e
num
ber
of w
ildfir
es
Ligh
tnin
g . .
. . .
. . .
. 43
14
2
Rec
reat
ion’
. .
. . .
. . .
Rai
lroad
s . .
. . .
. .
. .
Smok
ers
. . .
. . .
. . .
.
Brus
h bu
rnin
g’
. . .
.
Ran
ge
burn
ing
. . .
. .
Con
stru
ctio
n”
. . .
. . .
Indu
stria
l” . .
. . _
. . .
.
Ince
ndia
ry
. . .
. . .
. .
Mis
cella
neou
s
17
18
1 3
4 22
15
22
11
27
3 2
17
31
67
73
know
n ca
uses
. .
. 32
59
Unkn
own
caus
es
. . .
- 2
Tota
ls
. . .
. . .
. .
210
401
’ Ca
mpe
rs,
hunt
ers,
fishe
rmen
, et
c.
’ Ex
cludi
ng
railw
ay
or
right
-of-w
ay
clear
ing.
200
328
75
56
7 22
45
54
39
34
14
8
5 2
27
43
17
25
81
85
55
41
51
13
5 7
3 10
523
662
421
528
424
’ Ro
ad,
powe
r, ph
one,
pi
pelin
e,
and
right
-of-w
ay
cons
truct
ion.
’ Ti
mbe
r ha
rves
ting,
m
inin
g an
d ot
her
indu
strie
s.
240 31
3 28
16
- - 32 9
351
161
29
43
9 5
30
15
14
47
1 24
1 1
38
42
11
25
259
93
32
16
8 -
18
13
41
26
11
2
3 1
48
16
32
17
27
30
4 6
483
220
90
26
27
47
2 9
15
27
23
18
2 -
3 3
29
41
14
11
40
38
3 5
248
225
133 54
11
46
24
- 4 55
10
34 3
374
763
1,30
3
229
216
25
55
132
185
161
158
51
49
13
15
175
244
146
165
287
286
41
20
2,02
3 2,
696
Cariboo . . . . 68 1 206 4 553
Kamloops . . 490 788 28 401
Nelson . . . . . . 209 3 886 302 1 759
Prince George 4 210 16 115 2 176 7 501
Prince Rupert 6 470 17 425 631 8 614
Vancouver , . . 44 1 211 154 665
Table E-3: Area burned by wildfires’ in 1991-92, by region
- Merchantable timber Immature timber Other cover Totals
1991- 10-year 1991- 10-year 1991- 10-year 1991- 10-year Region 1992 average 1992 average 1992 average 1992 average
hectares
363 1 237 435 2 996
868 1 241 1 386 2 430
686 1 527 1 197 7 172
12 331 23 878 18 717 47 494
1 778 5 260 8 879 31 299
102 1 184 300 3 060
Totals . . . 11 491 40 631 3 295 19 493 16 128 34 327 30 914 94 451
’ Includes wildfires on not-satisfactorily-restocked forest land, non-commercial forest land, grazing land, and non-productive sites.
Table E-4: Timber burned by wildfires’ in 1991-92, by region
Region Merchantable timber Immature timbe Totals
Cariboo . . . . . .
Kamloops . . . . .
Nelson . . . . . . . .
Prince George . .
Prince Rupert . .
Vancouver . . , . .
Totals . . . . . . . . .
‘000 m3
13.2 0.2 13.4
16.9 1.2 18.1
47.2 16.0 63.2
652.6 140.1 792.7
353.3 27.4 380.7
16.7 25.6 42.3
1 099.9 210.5 1 310.4
’ Forest cover loss report by region before salvage. Burned timber is salvaged wherever practical.
* Estimates. Based on species and generalized inforination on age and site. Assumes complete mortality
92
Table F-2: Grazing permits and grazing licences in 1991-92, by region
Region
Permits Licences
Numbe c Authorized Used Number Authorized Used
Cariboo . . . . . .
Kamloops . . . .
Nelson . . . . . . .
Prince George .
Prince Rupert .
Vancouver . . . .
- AUM’
443 220,434 199,372
268 133,471 126,971
231 74,149 68,129
308 58,590 47,297
92 8,503 7,714
24 3,271 2,009
Totals . . . . 1,366 498,418 451,492
AUM
179 142,468 134,257
225 227,003 221,040
38 16,615 15,867
138 90,753 81,301
97 21,860 19,404
5 922 842
682 499,621 472,711
* AUM or Animal Unit Month is the amount of forage required for one month by an average beef cow, aged six months or older.
Table F-3: Hay cutting permits and hay cutting licences in 1991-92, by region
Region Number
Permits
Authorized Used
Licences
Number Authorized Used
Cariboo . . . . . .
Kamloops . . . .
Nelson . . . . . .
Prince George .
Prince Rupert .
Vancouver . . . .
Totals . . . .
-- tonnes tonnes
29 421 344 72 1,385 1,251
- - - 3 106 106
- - - 1 5 -
4 61 49 10 148 70
- - - 7 127 133
1 100 100 - - -
34 582 493 93 1,771 1,560
93
Table F-4: Range improvements’ on Crown land in 1991-92, by region
Seeding
Region Grassland Disturbed
rehabilitation forest land2 Fencing3 Weed Water
control4 development5 Othefl
Cariboo . . . . .
Kamloops . . .
Nelson . . . . . .
Prince George
Prince Rupert
Vancouver , . .
Totals . . .
hectares (kilometres) hectares ~ numbers ~
29 146 52 67 - 15
20 3 823 46 313 12 30
- - 8 55 - 5
1 459 2 282 262 52 27 118
2 884 2 - - -
- - - - - -
1 510 7 135 370 487 39 168
1 Excludes improvements funded wholly by the Federal Initiative Program and by private sources
2 Includes seeding of clearcuts.
3 Includes repair, maintenance and construction of fences.
4 Control of knapweed, thistle, etc.
5 Includes repair, maintenance and development of water sources.
6 Includes repair, maintenance and development of trails, corrals, cattleguards, etc.
Table F-5: Average cost’ of range improvements2 on Crown land in 1991-92, by region
Seeding3 Fencing4 Weed control5
Region Total
activity BY
ministry Total BY Total BY
activity ministry activity ministry -
Cariboo . . . . . . . . .
Kamloops . . . . . . ,
Nelson . . . . . . . . . .
Prince George . . ,
Prince Rupert . . . .
Vancouver . . . . . . .
$/ha -$/km- $/ha
$56 $25 $3,814 $2,219 $13,055 $13,055
15 13 4,460 2,861 782 756
- - 4,159 2,689 1,626 1,626
34 21 6,065 1,707 764 744
43 43 2,063 668 - -
- - - - - -
1 Based on funds from the Range Management Program, other ministry programs and other sources (on cost-sharing projects).
2 Excludes improvements funded by unit work crews and exclusively by other non-ministry sources.
3 Combines grassland rehabilitation and seeding of disturbed forest land, mainly clearcuts.
4 Construction of new fences.
5 Includes containment of knapweed, thistle and other weeds.
94
Table F-6: Recreation site and trail use in 1991-92, by region
Region
Sites Trails
Number User visits’ Numbeti Length (km) User visits
Cariboo . . . . . . .
Kamloops . . . . .
Nelson . . . . . . . .
Prince George .
Prince Rupert . .
Vancouver . . . . .
Totals . . . . . . .
156 186,000 28 502 20,000
365 531,000 90 1,324 173,000
256 178,000 156 1,028 98,000
255 319,000 78 1,826 69,000
90 69,000 47 481 39,000
201 459,000 107 474 124,000
1,323 1,742,OOO 506 5,635 523,000
’ Estimates. Based on field surveys.
2 “Active and managed” - Forest Service trails comprise only a small percentage of the many trails which can be found throughout the provincial forests. Estimates of numbers and lengths of Forest Service trails is highly dependent on local inter- pretations of the criteria used to define a trail as “active and managed.”
Table K-2: Sustainable E.nvironment Fund accomplishments’ on Crown land funded by the ministry in 1991-92, by region
Silviculture activity Cariboo Kamloops Nelson
Prince George
Prince Rupert Vancouver Totals
Surveying . . .
Preparing sites
Planting . . . . ,
Brushing2 . . . .
Spacing3 . . . . .
Fertilizing . . .
Pruning . . . . .
Othe+ . . . . .
. . . . 105 022 136 439 130 926 414 097 130 837 98 529 1 015 851
. . . 7 231 9 231 3 932 16 234 3 656 725 41 008
. . . . 10 400 16 681 9 616 23 232 14 266 4 851 79 045
. . . . 3 699 4 546 6 481 15 107 6 535 8 042 44 410
. . . . . 18 238 4 082 3 878 4 166 1 784 8 854 41 002
- - - . . . . 149 - 6 780 6 929
. . . . 25 342 150 234 179 1 255 2 185
. . . . 1 311 259 660 3 155 10 718 6 113
Totals . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 926 171 579 155 642 476 374 157 267 129 754 1 236 542
- hectares
- ‘000
Seedlings planted . . . . . 11,568 17,801 10,155 28,162 14,289 3,559 85,534
i Includes accomplishments under the Current Reforestation Sub-program (ministry fire and pest), Industry and Ministry Outstand- ing Obligations Sub-programs, the Canada - British Columbia Partnership Agreement in Forest Resource Development (FRDA II), the Provincial Incremental Sub-program, and the Community Forestry Program.
2 Includes activities previously called conifer release.
3 Approximately 50 per cent of the tmatal area spaced was required for stands to reach free-growing status (basic spacing), 12 per cent was incremental spacing funded by the Provincial Incremental Sub-program, and 38 per cent was spaced under FRDA II.
4 Includes commercial thinning, controlling mistletoe, and falling snags and residual trees.
95
Table K-3: Silviculture accomplishments on Crown land funded by the private sector’ in 1991-92, by region
Silviculture activity Cariboo Kamloops Nelson
Prince Prince George Rupert Vancouver Totals
Surveying . . . . .
Preparing sites .
Planting . . . . . . .
. . 10 578 6 298 4 208 20 214 10 340 30 966 82 604
. . 22 682 17 704 6 927 36 301 8 030 4 103 95 747
. . 7 967 11 442 8 228 33 711 14 860 24 646 100 854
Brushing2 . . . . . .
Spacing . . . . . . .
Fertilizing . . . . .
. . 4 496 1 879 315 1 364 323 839 9 216
47 - - - - . . 7 54
- - - - - . . 4 4
Pruning . . . . . . - - - - - - - . .
Other3 181 - - - - - . . . . . . . . . . 181
Totals . . . . . . . . . . . 45 952 37 323 19 678 91 590 33 553 60 565 288 660
‘000
Seedlings planted . . . . . 11 461 15 349 10 248 42 718 19 694 20 437 119 907
hectares
1 Includes reported silviculture activities on areas denuded by licensees after October 1, 1987, voluntary treatments by licensees, and activities on royalty-bearing lands.
* Includes activities previously called conifer release.
3 Includes controlling mistletoe, and falling snags and residual trees
96
Table K-4: Silviculture accomplishments under the Forest Enhancement Program,’ and other non-ministry funded programs in 1991-92, by region
Silviculture activity Cariboo Kamloops Nelson
Prince Prince George Rupert Vancouver Totals
Surveying ......
Preparing sites . .
Planting ........
Brushing2 .......
Spacing ........
Fertilizing ......
Pruning ........
Other3 .........
Totals ......
Seedlings planted
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
.
. .
hectares
. . 53 20 - 781 219 1 073
.- - - - - - - . .
1 - - - . . 20 2 23
. . 199 103 319 302 249 334 1 506
. . 280 111 195 287 122 215 1 210
.- - - - - - - . .
- . . :21 56 12 155 174 418
.- - - - . . 130 21 151
. . 501 323 534 601 1457 965 4 381
‘000
. . 2 - - - 15 2 19
1 The Forest Enhancement Program is funded by the Ministry of Social Services. Other non-ministry funded programs include Federal Job Creation Programs and Provincial Corrections Programs.
2 Includes activities previously called conifer release.
3 Includes controlling mistletoe, and falling snags and residual trees.
97
Table K-5: Total silviculture accomplishments on Crown land funded by all sources’ in 1991-92, by region
Silviculture activity Cariboo Kamloops Nelson
Prince Prince George Rupert Vancouver Totals
Surveying . . . . ,
Preparing sites . .
Planting . . . . . . .
Brushing2 . . . . . .
Spacing . . . . . . . .
Fertilizing . . . . . .
Pruning . . . . . . . .
Othelj . . . . . . . . .
Totals . . . . . .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
hectares
122 794 147 542 141 302 441 701 147 372
33 343 30 275 12 637 57 309 14 681
19 359 29 296 19 306 62 928 33 830
8 394 6 649 7 295 16 974 7 107
20 163 4 362 4 681 4 453 1 906
- - - 149 -
46 398 150 246 334
1 492 259 730 3 155 140
205 591 218 780 186 100 586 915 205 370
134 328
5 154
31 324
9 660
10 273
7 451
1 432
844
200 465
1 135 039
153 399
196 041
56 078
45 838
7 600
2 606
6 620
1 603 221
‘000
Seedlings planted . . . . . 24 301 34 725 22 183 79 506 40 587 25 547 226 849
’ Includes accomplishments under:
l Sustainable Environment Fund (Table K-2). l South Moresby Forest Replacement Account (Table M-2). l Small Business Forest Enterprise Program (Table L-4). l Forest Enhancement Program and other sources (Table K-4). l Private Sector (Table K-3).
2 Includes activities previously called conifer release.
3 Includes commercial thinning, controlling mistletoe, and falling snags and residual trees.
Table K-6: Canada - British Columbia Partnership Agreement in Forest Resource Development (FRDA II) accomplishments’ in 1991-92, by region
Silviculture activity Cariboo Kamloops Nelson
Prince Prince George Rupert Vancouver Totals
Surveys2 ..........
Spacing ..........
Fertilizing ........
Pruning ..........
Totals ........
hectares
621 765 955 2 804 75 1 681 6 901
. 2 535 1 909 2 028 2 945 728 5 269 15 414
- - - - - 5 517 5 517
13 209 122 20 100 763 1 227
. 3 169 2 883 3 105 5 769 903 13 230 29 059
1 Includes all silviculture accomplishments funded under the Canada - British Columbia Partnership Agreement in Forest Resource Development (FRDA II). Activities are conducted under the supervision of the ministry and licensees.
2 Surveys to plan for fertilizing, pruning, and spacing activities.
98
Table K-7: Audit Report on basic silviculture performance on Crown land in 1991-92, by region and licensee.
Basic silviculture Area declared in progress free-growing Penalties
Number Total Free- Free- Allowable of area growing growing Not annual
audits audited likely not likely Accepted accepted Financial cut
Cariboo
Ainsworth Lumber Co. Ltd
C&C Wood Products Ltd. . Canadian Forest Products
Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carrier Lumber Ltd. . . . . . .
Fletcher Challenge Canada Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Jacobson Bros. Forest Products Ltd. . . . . . . . . .
Lignum Ltd. . . . . . , . . . . . .
Slocan Forest Products Ltd. Tolko Industries Ltd. . . . . .
Weldwood of Canada Ltd.
West Fraser Mills Ltd. . . . .
. .
.
Sub-totals . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Kamloops Ainsworth Lumber Co. Ltd.
Aspen Planers . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bell Pole Co. Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . Federated Co-operative Ltd. Fletcher Challenge Canada
Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
International Forest Products Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lytton Lumber . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tolko Industries Ltd. . . . . . . .
Weyerhaeuser Canada . . . . . .
Sub-totals . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nelson
Bell Pole Co. Ltd. . . . . . . . . . Crestbrook Forest Industries
Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Celcrest Timber & Wyndell Bros. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Downie Street Sawmills Ltd.
34
2
2
22
14
20
16
14
12
56
32
224
12
4
1 6
12
10 2
16
14
77
3
15
7
4
hectares ha % target -ha-
1 863.0 1 863.0 101.4 101.4
160.7 160.7
4 918.0 4 918.0
1 560.8 1 560.8
3 366.4 3 366.4
3 707.7 3 707.7
774.5 774.5
869.3 869.3
5 523.7 5 508.7
2 807.3 2 737.3
25 652.8 25 567.8
372.0 372.0
61.4 61.4
58.8 58.8
41.6 41.6
352.9 352.9
404.2 404.2
56.8 56.8
805.4 568.0
585.9 585.9
2 739.0 2 501.6
75.0 75.0
501.0 501.0
97.9 97.9
72.7 22.6
0.0 - -
0.0 - -
0.0 - -
0.0 - -
0.0 - -
0.0 - - 0.0 - -
0.0 - -
0.0 - - 15.0 - -
70.0 - -
85.0 0 0
0.0 - -
0.0 - -
0.0 - - 0.0 - -
0.0 - -
0.0 - -
0.0 - - 237.4 - -
0.0 - -
237.4 0 0
0.0 - -
0.0 - -
0.0 - - 50.1 - -
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0
-
-
-
-
-$-
-
-
-
-
-
- -
-
-
- -
0
- -
-
-
-
-
- -
-
0
-
-
-
-
99
Table K-7: Continued
Basic silviculture Area declared in progress free-growing
Number Total Free- Free- of area growing growing Not
audits audited likely not likely Accepted accepted
Nelson - Continued Evans Products Company
Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
J.H. Huscroft Ltd. . . . . . . . . . .
Meadow Creek Cedar Ltd. . . Pope and Talbot Ltd. . . . . . . .
Radium Forest Products . .
Slocan Forest Products Ltd. Westar Timber Ltd. . . . . . . . . .
Wood River . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sub-totals . . . . . . . . . . . .
Prince George
Apollo Forest Products Ltd.
Canadian Forest Products Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carrier Lumber Ltd. . . . . . . .
Canadian Chopsticks Manufacturing Co. . . . . . . .
Domtar Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dunkley Lumber Ltd. . . . . .
Enso Forest & West Fraser Mills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fletcher Challenge Canada Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finlay Forest Industries Ltd.
K & J Goetjen (WL 207)’ . . .
L & M Lumber Ltd. . . . . . . . . Lakeland Mills Ltd. . . . . . . . .
Louisiana Pacific Canada Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Northwood Pulp & Timber Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
P.G. Wood Preserving Ltd. . .
Rustad Bros. and Co. Ltd. . .
Slocan Forest Products Ltd. Stuart Lake Lumber Co. . . . .
Tackama Forest Products Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22 636.0 365.3
7 102.2 102.2 7 136.5 136.5
10 455.1 400.8
6 257.0 257.0
10 115.0 95.0 6 116.8 84.8
5 123.0 123.0
102 2 688.2 2 261.1
270.7 - -
0.0 - - 0.0 - -
54.3 - -
0.0 - -
20.0 - - 32.4 - -
0.0 - -
427.5 0 0
2 139.0 139.0 0.0 - -
70 4 738.5 4 661.1 77.4 - -
5 382.2 382.2 0.0 - -
1 60.9 60.9 0.0 - -
1 87.6 87.6 0.0 - -
3 183.4 183.4 0.0 - -
6 310.0 310.0 0.0 - -
9 815.6 6 416.7
1 15.0
6 432.0 4 357.8
661.5 154.1 - -
412.7 4.0 - -
15.0 0.0 - - 432.0 0.0 - - 357.8 0.0 - -
7 307.2 304.9 2.3 - -
15 1 382.7 1 382.7 0.0 - - 2 125.7 125.7 0.0 - -
6 555.1 555.1 0.0 - -
5 317.0 317.0 0.0 - - 1 129.0 129.0 0.0 - -
15 1 204.0 1 102.4 101.6 - -
-
hectares ha % target -ha-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Penalties
Financial
-$-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Allowable annual
cut -~
-m3e
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
100
Table K-7: Continued
Prince George - Continued Tanizul Timber Ltd. ........
The Pas Lumber Co. Ltd. ...
Weldwood of Canada Ltd. .. West Fraser Mills Ltd. ......
Westar Timber Ltd. .........
Ziedler Forest Industries Ltd.
Sub-totals .............
Prince Rupert
Babine Forest Products Ltd.
Bell Pole Co. Ltd. .......... Decker Lake Forest Products
Ltd. ....................
Enso Forest Products Ltd. ... Isolite Stege ...............
Kitwanga Lumber ..........
West Fraser Mills ..........
Repap Smithers Ltd. ....... Westar Timber Ltd. .........
Sub-totals .............
Vancouver2
BCIT (WL 007) ............
Canadian Forest Products ...
Canadian Pacific Forest Products Ltd. ............
Cattermole Timber Ltd. ..... CRB Logging (WL 029) .....
Crown Forest Industries Ltd.
Doman Industries Ltd. ..... Durieu Forest Products .....
Errico (WL 039) ............
Fletcher Challenge Canada Ltd. ....................
Greater Vancouver Water District .................
Ron Gogo (WL 024) ........
Hagman & Son ............
Basic silviculture Area declared in progress free-growing Penalties
Number Total Free- Free- Allowable of area growing growing Not annual
audits audited likely not likely Accepted accepted Financial cut
2 3
1 7
12
5
195
2
1
2
2 1
1
1
1 2
13
1
7
31
1 1
2
14
1
1
43
1 1
1
hectares ha % target -ha-
52.0 52.0 0.0 - -
347.5 347.5 0.0 - -
24.0 24.0 0.0 - -
414.2 412.1 2.1 - -
1 019.0 1 019.0 0.0 - -
175.0 175.0 0.0 - -
13 991.1 13 649.6 341.5 0 0
169.0 169.0 0.0 - -
85.0 85.0 0.0 - -
182.0 182.0 0.0 - -
155.0 155.0 0.0 - -
36.0 36.0 0.0 - -
94.0 94.0 0.0 - -
89.0 89.0 0.0 - -
44.0 44.0 0.0 - - 197.0 197.0 0.0 - -
1 051.0 1 051.0 0.0 0 0
3.0 3.0 0.0 - -
201.5 201.5 0.0 - -
1 248.6 1 248.6
93.0 93.0
7.0 7.0
45.0 45.0
989.6 989.6
5.0 5.0
46.0 0.0
0.0 - -
0.0 - - 0.0 - -
0.0 - -
0.0 - -
0.0 - - 46.0 - -
1 763.5 1 743.8
8.0 8.0 6.2 6.2
43.5 43.5
19.7 - -
0.0 - - 0.0 - -
0.0 - -
-
-
-
-
-
-
0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-$-
- -
-
-
- -
0
-
-
- -
-
- -
-
-
0
- -
- -
-
-
- -
-
-
-
- -
-d.
-
-
-
-
-
-
0
-
-
-
-
- -
-
-
-
0
- -
- -
- -
-
-
-
-
-
- -
101
Table K-7: Continued
--
Basic silviculture in progress
Area declared free-growing Penalties
Number Total Free- Free- of area growing growing Not
audits audited likely not likely Accepted accepted -
Vancouver - Continued
Halray Logging ............ Herman Log Sales Ltd. .....
Hecate Logging Ltd. .......
Husby Forest Products .....
International Forest Products Ltd. ....................
A.W. Leaky (WL 026) ......
Lineham Logging Ltd. ......
MacMillan Bloedel Ltd. ..... McMahon Lumber .........
Mill and Timber ........... Mission Municipality TFL ...
Naden Harbour ............
Norvick Logging ........... Pretty’s Timber Company
Ltd. ....................
Raven Industries ...........
Reid Collins (WL 038) ...... Richply Ltd. ...............
SWC Holdings .............
Tamihi Logging ............ Terminal Forest Products
Ltd. ....................
Tibor Molnar (WL 040) .....
Tideline Services (WL 010) . . Dave Walker (WL 049) .....
Weldwood of Canada Ltd. ..
Western Forest Products Ltd. ....................
Wilson (WL 022) ...........
Witherby Tree Farm ........
Sub-totals .............
Totals ..............
1 6.0 6.0 0.0 - - 1 16.0 16.0 0.0 - - 1 165.0 165.0 0.0 - - 1 84.8 84.8 0.0 - -
25 1 068.2 915.9
1 38.0 0.0
1 23.0 0.0 17 1 393.4 1 393.4
1 5.0 5.0 1 7.0 7.0 1 29.0 29.0 1 156.6 156.6
1 20.0 20.0
152.3 - -
38.0 - -
23.0 - -
0.0 - - 0.0 - - 0.0 - -
0.0 - - 0.0 - -
0.0 - -
2 112.0 112.0 2 49.0 49.0 1 13.0 13.0 3 136.3 136.3
2 140.0 140.0
1 6.0 0.0
0.0 - -
0.0 - -
0.0 - - 0.0 - -
0.0 - -
6.0 - -
1 4.0 4.0 0.0 - - 1 11.0 0.0 11.0 - - 2 8.5 8.5 0.0 - - 1 1.0 1.0 0.0 - -
17 1 055.4 1 055.4 0.0 - -
17 1 107.3 1 107.3 0.0 - - 1 1.3 0.0 1.3 - -
1 1.6 1.6 0.0 - -
210 10 118.3 9 821.0 297.3 0 0
821 56 240.4 54 852.1 1388.7 0 0
hectares ha % target -ha-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0
0
Allowable annual
Financial cut -
-$-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0
0
’ WL = Woodlot
2 In the Vancouver region, if a portion of the cutblock was deemed not likely to achieve free-growing standards, then the entire cutblock was so reported. The actual area affected totals less than 112 ha, or 1.1 per cent of the audited area.
102
Table K-8: Site preparation’ for planting and natural regeneration on Crown land in 1991-92, by region
Treatment Prince Prince
Cariboo Kamloops Nelson George Rupert Vancouver Totals
Broadcast burned . . . .
Spot burned . . . . . . . . .
Broadcast mechanical .
Spot mechanical . . . . .
Broadcast chemical . . .
Spot chemical . . . . . . . .
Grass seeding2 . . . . . . .
Other treatments3 . . . .
- hectares
4 526 3 514 3 707
3 437 3 681 664
. 13 553 20 964 6 354
9 180 748 323
363 - 841
- - 105
I 467 571 138
817 796 505
Totals . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 343 30 275 12 637
’ Includes accomplishments under all sources of funding.
2 Includes grass seeding of roads, landings, and cut blocks.
3 Includes cable or machine knockdown of trees over three metres high.
7 826
5 386
37 305
2 992
2 597
80
733
390
57 309
4 316
1 266
7 267
788
6
-
1
1 037
1 478 25 367
1 835 16 269
226 85 669
178 14 209
970 4 777
118 303
31 2 941
319 3 864
5 154 153 339
103
Table K-9: Area planted in 1991-92, by region, by responsibility
Prince Prince Cariboo Kamloops Nelson George Rupert Vancouver Totals8
hectares
Crown land
Tree farm licence’ . . . . . . . . . . . 2 256 4 121 5 277 4 888 2 556 11 640 30 737
Timber supply area* Licensee3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 033 9 866 5 931 30 861 13 562 15 029 82 282 Ministry4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 071 15 309 8099 27179 17 712 4 655 83 024
Sub totals . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 359 29 296 19 306 62 928 33 830 31324 196 043
Private land Tree farm licence5 . . . . . . . . . . . -
Managed forest land unit& . -
Other7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
Sub-totals . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0
- - - -
- - - - - - - -
0 0 0 0
534 534
2 693 2 693
- -
3 227 3 227
Totals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 359 29 296 19 306 62 928 33 830 34 551 199 270
i Includes Crown land within tree farm licences. On areas harvested after October 1, 1987, planting is paid for by the licensee. On areas denuded prior to October 1, 1987, planting is funded by the ministry, but is the licensee’s responsibility.
* Includes Crown land within timber supply areas, excluding tree farm licences, woodlot licences, farm leases, federal lands and First Nations reserves.
3 Includes Crown land within timber supply areas. On areas harvested after October 1, 1987, planting is paid for by the licensee. On areas denuded prior to October 1, 1987, planting is funded by the ministry, but is the licensee’s responsibility.
4 For areas denuded after January 1, 1988, under the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program, planting is funded through the Small Business Forest Enterprise Account. For areas denuded prior to January 1, 1988, planting is funded and implemented by the ministry.
5 Includes private land within tree farm licences.
6 Includes private land within managed forest land units, but outside tree farm licences.
’ Includes private land outside tree farm licences and managed forest land units.
* Columns may not add due to rounding.
104
Table K-10: Trees planted in 1991-92, by region, by responsibility
Prince Prince Cariboo Kamloops Nelson George Rupert Vancouver Totals8
Crown land
Tree farm licence’ . . . . . . . .
Timber supply area2 Licensee3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ministry4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sub totals . . . . . . . . . .
Private land
Tree farm licence5 . . . . . . . .
Managed forest land unit& Other7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sub-totals . . . . . . . . . .
Totals . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .
. .
. .
. . . .
. .
‘000
2,809 5,373 5,974
10,053 13,412 7,306 11,439 15,940 8,903
24,301 34,725 22,183
- - -
- - -
- - -
0 0 0
24,301 34,725 22,183
6,081 2,074 9,387 31,697
39,188 18,594 12,691 101,244 34,237 19,919 3,469 93,908
79,506 40,587 25,547 226,849
0
79,506
- 453
- 2,261 - -
0 2,714
40,587 28,261
453
2,261
2,714
229,563
* Includes Crown land within tree farm licences. On areas harvested after October 1, 1987, planting is paid for by the licensee. On areas denuded prior to October 1, 1987, planting is funded by the ministry, but is the licensee’s responsibility.
z Includes Crown land within timber supply areas, excluding tree farm licences, woodlot licences, farm leases, federal lands and First Nations reserves.
3 Includes Crown land within timber supply areas. On areas harvested after October 1, 1987, planting is paid for by the licensee. On areas denuded prior to October 1, 1987, planting is funded by the ministry, but is the licensee’s responsibility.
4 For areas denuded after January 1, 1988, under the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program, planting is funded through the Small Business Forest Enterprise Account. For areas denuded prior to January 1, 1988, planting is funded and implemented by the ministry.
5 Includes private land within tree farm licences.
6 Includes private land within managed forest land units, but outside tree farm licences.
’ Includes private land outside tree farm licences and managed forest land units.
8 Columns may not add due to rounding.
105
Table K-l 1: Trees planted’ on Crown land in 1991-92, by species, by region
Species Prince Prince
Cariboo Kamloops Nelson George Rupert Vancouver Totals
Birch ........................
Cedar, western red ............
Cedar, yellow (cypress) ........
Cottonwood, black ............
Douglas-fir2 ..................
Fir, alpine ....................
Fir, amabilis ..................
Fir, grand ....................
Hemlock, mountain ...........
Hemlock, western .............
Larch, western ................
Pine, lodgepole ..............
Pine, western white ...........
Pine, yellow (ponderosa) ......
Spruce, Engelmann and white . .
Spruce, Sitka .................
Spruce, hybrid4 ...............
Totals5 ...................
‘000
-
-
-
-
1,210
-
-
-
-
-
12,447
-
-
1,325
-
9,320
24,301
- 1 34
109 272 -
-
2,292
21
-
-
2
2,771
-
-
-
-
6
-
- -
448 1,790
15,668 7,527
4 185
231 42
15,387 9,018
- -
564 568
34,725 22,183
-
1,006
107
-
-
-
-
-
19,722
-
-
33,335
-
25,302
79,506
-
1,145
27
26
71
-
71
286
-
1,411
25,324
-
173
959
11,093
40,587
- 35
7,437 8,963
766 793
72 100
5,431 12,782
1,097 1,225
2,559 2,630
569 861
68 68
3,776 5,187
36 2,275
165 80,852
33 222
27 300
1,643 60,882
1,794 2,753
75 46,922
25,547 226,849
’ Includes trees planted through all funding sources (Table K-5)
2 Includes coastal and interior Douglas-fir.
3 Includes coastal and interior lodgepole pine.
* Includes Sitka, Engelmann, and white spruce hybrids.
5 Columns may not add due to rounding.
106
Table K-12: Brushing’ OII Crown land in 1991-92, by region
Treatment Prince Prince
Cari’boo Kamloops Nelson George Rupert Vancouver Totals
hectares
Manual2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 766 4 960 6 432 2 974 4 991 4197 29 320
Chemical . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 628 1689 863 14 000 2 116 5 463 26 758
Totals3 . . . . . . . . . . . 8 394 6 649 7 295 16 974 7107 9 660 56 078 ~- ’ Includes accomplishments under all funding sources.
* Includes activities previously called conifer release.
3 Columns may not add due to roundmg.
Table K-13: Average cosl:’ of silviculture treatments on Crown land in 1991-92, by region
Treatment Prince Prince
Cariboo Kamloops Nelson George Rupert Vancouver Province
Basic silviculture
Surveying2 , . . . . . , . . . Preparing sites . . . . . . Planting3 . . . . . . . . . . Brushing: manual . . . . Brushing: chemical4 . . Spacing5 . . . . . . . . .
Incremental silviculture
. . . . . . . .
Surveying6 ............ Spacing ............... Fertilizing7 ............ Pruning ...............
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
$/hectares
$11 $10 $16 $12 $9 $14 $12 471 414 513 346 507 554 413 451 484 565 482 497 552 494 477 677 760 627 620 607 642 197 549 354 190 288 392 250 391 695 1,180 - 279 454
12 11 21 14 19 16 15 332 582 736 613 899 976 618 - - - 244 - 164 168
663 791 1,094 1,080 902 841 893
’ Based on Ministry of Forests data for site operating costs (equipment, transportation and wages for crew and crew boss).
* Includes surveys for assessing site tr’eatment, plantation survival, stocking levels, pre-harvest silviculture prescriptions, and free- growing status. Excludes reconnaissance and drainage surveys.
3 Excludes cost of seedlings.
4 Includes cost of herbicides.
5 Spacing required for stands to reach free-growing status.
6 Surveys to plan for fertilizing, pruning, and spacing activities.
’ Includes cost of fertilizer.
107
Table K-14: Seed additions, withdrawals and inventory in 1991-92, by species’
Species
Additions Withdrawals Seed ownership inventory
Seed Private and Natural orchard Ministry licensee Final
collections collections nurseries2 nurseries2 OtheIJ Ministry Private inventory4
Alder, red . . . . . . . .
Cedar, western red
Cypress . . . . . . . . . .
Douglas-fir . . . . . . .
Fir, subalpine . . . . .
Fir, amabilis . . . . . .
Fir, grand . . . . . . . .
Hemlock, mountain
Hemlock, western
Larch, western . . . .
Pine, lodgepole . . .
Pine, ponderosa . .
Pine, white . . . . . . .
Spruce, Engelmann
Spruce, Sitka . . . . .
Spruce, white . . . . .
Spruce, hybrids5 . .
Miscellaneous . . . .
Totals . . . . . . .
kilograms
2.4
-
126.0
48.5
-
-
0.3
154.7
1 073.3
611.1
31.5
362.1
-
401.3
852.4
0.1
3 663.7
-
3.4
0.6
149.3
-
-
-
-
2.9 -
12.0
-
-
0.1
1.2
-
19.0
-
188.5
- - - -
5.3 35.7 14.3 310.1
1.3 17.2 0.8 6.7
38.7 368.3 416.7 9 701.1
0.1 132.1 18.3 818.8
- 1 077.4 78.3 841.0
1.4 21.7 14.2 665.5
0.4 0.4 3.0 114.5
2.3 30.2 10.5 407.9
- 33.6 1.4 460.8
47.0 608.6 67.1 4 907.7
3.7 104.1 20.9 828.1
9.0 20.6 4.1 130.7
17.9 136.5 115.0 5 253.7
- 8.4 5.7 632.1
41.6 267.6 30.7 3 838.9
25.7 289.0 9.6 5 936.2
0.1 0.1 3.5 23.7
194.5 3 151.5 814.1 34 877.5
2.4 2.4
265.0 575.1
66.0 72.7
3 457.7 13 158.8
271.8 1 090.6
2 535.5 4 376.5
211.1 876.6
69.4 183.8
366.8 774.7
224.0 684.8
3 341.0 8 248.7
520.7 1 348.8
438.3 569.0
1 942.0 7 195.7
168.9 801.0
687.5 4 526.4
1 996.7 7 932.9
0.1 23.9
16 564.9 52 442.4
1 Excludes approximately 38 kilograms from exotic species.
z For sowing of seedlings primarily in 1992.
3 For direct seeding, export, seed sales, etc.
4 Anticipated final inventory upon completion of the 1992 sowing season.
5 Includes natural crosses between Sitka, Engelmann, white and black spruce.
108
Table K-15: Area affected by major forest insects’ in 1991-92, by region
Region Bark beetles* Insect Defoliators Totals*
hectares
Cariboo ................
Kamloops ..............
Nelson ................
Prince George ..........
Prince Rupert ..........
Vancouver .............
Totals .............
2 200 8 900 11 100
19 570 422 210 441 780
14 766 12 261 27 027
54 745 245 200 299 945
6 010 500 6 510
- 712 712
98 003 689 071 787 074
’ Best available estimates of current area affected as compiled by Forestry Canada. Accuracy varies, depending on the insect. Many more insects and diseases are endemic throughout most forests. Estimates of area under attack are meaningless for these pests without detailed measures of the iniensity of infestation.
* Area affected is estimated from aerial surveys in 1991.
Table K-16:. Timber damaged by forest insects and diseases’ in 1991-92, by region
Region Bark Insect Dwarf Root
beetles defoliators mistletoes2 diseases2 Totals3
- ‘000 m3
. . Cariboo . . . . . . . . 38 38 350 221 647
Kamloops . . . . . . . . 343 1 827 260 224 2 654
Nelson . . . . . . . . . . . 259 53 98 58 468
Prince George . . . . 960 1 061 262 529 2 812
Prince Rupert . . . . . 105 2 315 73 495
Vancouver . . 12 - . . . . . 355 262 629
Totals . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 717 2 981 1640 1367 7 705
* Volume lost to decay in forests exceeding 100 years of age is not included. This is estimated at 10 million cubic metres per year. Nursery and regeneration losses due to insects and diseases are also not included.
2 Estimates are for losses occurring on the net land base.
3 Best available estimates of current annual losses. Accuracy varies, depending on the type of damage. Volumes are estimated before salvage. Attacked timber is salvaged wherever practical.
109
Table L-2: Stumpage revenue’ from the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program in 1991-92, by region
Region Volume billed2
Upset stumpage
billed3
Bonus stumpage
billed4
Total stumpage
billed
Stumpage billed as a per cent of upset stumpage
Cariboo . . . . . . .
Kamloops . . . . .
Nelson . . . . . . .
Prince George . .
Prince Rupert . .
Vancouver . . . . .
- ‘000 m3 -
1 258
1 039
732
2 203
1 337
1 847
Totals . . . . . 8 416
‘000 per cent -
$12,227 $6,720 $18,947 155
8,616 4,475 13,091 152
4,653 3,023 7,676 165
28,342 7,844 38,186 128
11,025 6,397 17,422 158
18,275 15,628 33,903 186
$83,138 $44,087 $127,225 153
’ Stumpage billed during 1991-92 does not include accruals
* Excludes firmwood rejects and waste. 3 Appraised price of timber.
4 Bonus bid for timber, in addition to upset stumpage.
Cariboo ........
Kamloops ......
Nelson .........
number
219 29 124 19
328 76 316 77
192 73 80 53
Prince George . . . . . 284 37 114 10
Prince Rupert . . . . . 236 46 124 35
Vancouver . . . . . . . . 518 97 188 16
Totals . . . . . . . . 1,777 358 946 210
1 On March 31, 1991.
* Category 1: Registrants who do not own or lease a timber processing facility.
3 Category 2: Registrants who own or lease a timber processing facility.
4 Tendered volume.
5 Value based upon appraised price at time of sale plus bonus bid, if any.
- ‘000m3 - - PO00 -
28 770 $13,059
169 1 293 17,483
14 823 10,107
59 1 815 32,074
11 1 136 15,477
46 2 023 31,455
327 7 860 $119,655
Table L-3: Small Business Forest Enterprise Program in 1991-92, by region
Registrant.9 Sales Volume
Region Cat. l2 Cat. 23 Cat. 1 Cat. 2 Other Sold4 Value5
110
Table L-4: Audit Report on Small Business Forest Enterprise Program’s basic silviculture pelrformance on Crown land in 1991-92, by region
Region
Cariboo . . . . . .
Kamloops . . . . .
Nelson . . . . .
Prince George .
Prince Rupert .
Vancouver’ . . .
Totals . . . . . .
Basic silviculture Area declared in progress free-growing Penalties
Number Total Free- Free- Percent of
audits area
audited growing
likely growing
not likely Accepted of
target
42
12
0
31
1
57
143
- hectares -%-
1 765.6 1 765.6 0.0 -
4-10.6 410.6 0.0 -
0.0 0.0 0.0 -
1 828.2 1 728.2 100.0
36.0 36.0 0.0 -
1 4F30.4 932.3 498.1 -
5 470.8 4 872.7 598.1
Allowable Not annual
accepted Financial cut
- ha - -$- - m3 -
- -
’ In the Vancouver region, if a portion of the cutblock was deemed not likely to achieve free-growing standards, then the entire cutblock was so reported. Actual area affected is less than 40 ha., or 2.9 per cent of audited area.
111
Table L-5: Silviculture accomplishments on Crown land funded by the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program’ in 1991-92, by region
Silviculture activity Cariboo Kamloops Nelson
Prince Prince George Rupert Vancouver Totals
Surveying . . . . .
Preparing sites .
Planting . . . . . . .
Brushing . . . . . .
Spacing2 . . . . . . .
Fertilizing . . . . .
Pruning . . . . . . .
OtheI3 . . . . . . .
Totals . . . . .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
Seedlings planted
. .
. .
. ,
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
, .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
hectares
7 194 4 752 6 148 7 390 5 414 4 614 35 512
3 430 3 340 1 778 4 774 2 995 326 16 643
990 1 173 1 462 5 985 4 684 1 822 16 116
- 121 180 201 - 445 947
2 048 169 608 - - 3 2 828
- - - - - - -
- - - - - 3 3
- - 70 - - 105 175
13 662 9 555 10 246 18 350 13 093 7 318 72 224
‘000
1,270 1,575 1,780 8,626 6,589 1,547 21,387
’ Includes all silviculture accomplishments funded through the Small Business Forest Enterprise Account. Includes silviculture activities on areas denuded under the Program after January 1, 1988. Silviculture activities are carried out under the supervision of the ministry.
z Includes spacing of young conifers and the falling of diseased and damaged trees.
3 Includes commercial thinning, controlling of mistletoe, and falling snags and residual trees.
112
Table M-2: Silviculture accomplishments on Crown land funded by South Moresby Forest Replacement Account’ in 1991-92, by region
Silviculture activity Carilboo Kamloops Nelson
Prince Prince George Rupert Vancouver Totals
Surveying . . , , . . . . . . . . - - - - - - -
Preparing sites . - - - - - - - . . . . .
Planting2 . . . . . . - - - - - . . . . . 3 3
Brushing . . . . . . - - - - - - - . . . . .
Spacing . . . . . . . - - - - - . . . . . 1 194 1 194
Fertilizing . . . . . - - - - - . . . . . 667 667
Pruning . . . . . . . - - - - - - - . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - - - - - - -
Totals . . . . . . . . . . . . - - - - - 1 864 1 864
‘000
Seedlings planted* . . . . . - - - - - 2 2
’ South Moresby National Park Reserve is in the Vancouver Forest Region.
z Planting was conducted as part of a research study examining site enhancement on wet coastal sites.
113
