Answer Keysfor Grammar/Composition/Spelling

Lessons 1–20

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Contents

Spelling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Grammar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Composition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Computer Skills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Lessons 1–20 speLLing Answer Key

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Lesson 1

Pages 12–13

Strategy Workshop Developing Spelling Consciousness Discover the strategy 1 our 2 to 3 friendTry It out 4 Then 5 until 6 which 7 Florida 8 Didn’t 9 were 10 where 11 whenLook Ahead 1–3 Words will vary.

Page 14

Getting Letters in Correct OrderPractice Order of words may vary.Write Sentences will vary.

Lesson 2

Page 15

Think and Practicesynonyms 1 poetry 2 pieces 3 adjusted 4 unusual 5 instrument 6 beautiful 7 perform 8 grateful 9 through 10 building 11 enemy 12 prefer Context Clues 13 soldier 14 remodel 15 license 16 thirteen 17 tongue 18 judged 19 neighborhood 20 thousand

Strategic SpellingDeveloping spelling Consciousness 21 through 22 beautiful 23 friend 24 when

Pages 198–199

Plate TectonicsGreen Box Words will vary.Getting at Meaning 1 plates 2 ridge 3 rift 4 spreading boundary 5 plate tectonic theory 6 trench 7 subducted plate 8 colliding boundary 9 mantle 10 crust

Lesson 3

Page 16

Proofreading and WritingProofread for Capitalization 1 Thursday 2 Silver 3 Street 4 Ramos 5 CorrectProofread an Announcement

Write an Announcement Responses will vary. Announcements should include three spelling words and a personal word.

Lesson 4

Page 17

Vocabulary BuildingReviewMaking Inferences 1 tongue 2 pieces 3 building 4 through 5 thirteen 6 neighborhood 7 unusual 8 thousand 9 poetry 10 beautiful

Multicultural ConnectionPoetry 1 prairie 2 haiku 3 traditional

Lesson 6Page 18

Short VowelsPractice Note: The order of the words in each group may vary. 1 admire 2 canyon 3 magnify 4 cannon 5 lemonade 6 method 7 decorate 8 distance 9 swimming 10 strict 11 injury 12 tissue 13 modern 14 comedy 15 honesty 16 property 17 husband 18 clumsy 19 hundredth 20 dungeonWrite Dialogues will vary.

Answer KeysLessons 1–20

Spelling© Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc .

Lessons 1–20 speLLing Answer Key

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Lesson 7

Page 19

Think and PracticeWord Math 1 lemonade 2 husband 3 dungeon 4 clumsy 5 canyon 6 comedy 7 tissue 8 property 9 honesty 10 method Analogies 11 decorate 12 injury 13 admire 14 magnify 15 swimming 16 hundredth 17 strict 18 modern 19 distance 20 cannon

Strategic Spellingseeing Meaning Connections 21 decor 22 redecorate 23 decorator 24 decorative

Pages 176–177

The People of Ancient RomeBlue Box Words will vary.Getting at Meaning 1 Emperor 2 Empire 3 Roman 4 Forum 5 Patricians 6 Senate 7 Plebeians 8 Colosseum 9 arena 10 gladiators

Lesson 8Page 20

Proofreading and WritingProofread for Punctuation 1 Dogs, 2 June 1, 3 lost, 4 Mondays, 5 September 5,Proofread Rules

Write Rules Responses will vary. Rules should include three list words and a personal word.

Lesson 9Page 21

Vocabulary BuildingReview Antonyms 1 modern 2 comedy 3 admire 4 clumsyDefinitions 5 distance 6 canyon 7 husband 8 method 9 swimming 10 lemonade

Word StudyLatin Roots: magni 1 magnify 2 magnate 3 magnitude 4 magnanimous 5 magnificently

Lesson 10Page 22

Words with ei and iePractice Note: The order of the words in each group may vary. 1 field 2 achieve 3 belief 4 brief 5 relief 6 apiece 7 shield 8 niece 9 diesel 10 grief 11 yield 12 ceiling 13 receipt 14 deceive 15 neither 16 leisure 17 protein 18 receiver 19 seize 20 conceited Write Paragraphs will vary.

Lesson 11Page 23

Think and PracticeComplete a Poem 1 apiece 2 grief 3 niece 4 brief 5 neither Context Clues 6 field 7 belief 8 relief 9 shield 10 yield 11 achieve 12 diesel 13 receiver 14 receipt 15 conceited 16 seize 17 ceiling 18 deceive 19 leisure 20 protein

Strategic SpellingUsing the Problem Parts strategy 21–24 Words will vary.

Pages 188–189

Foods and Good HealthPink Box Words will vary.Getting at Meaning 1 fat 2 fiber 3 protein 4 starch 5 additives 6 vitamins 7 processing 8 dietitian 9 nutrients 10 preservatives

Lesson 12Page 24

Proofreading and WritingProofread for Usage 1 heaviest 2 take out “more” 3 more 4 take out “most” 5 best

Lessons 1–20 speLLing Answer Key

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Proofread a Weather Report

Write a Weather Report Responses will vary. Reports should include two list words and a personal word.

Lesson 13

Page 25

Vocabulary BuildingReview Definitions 1 apiece 2 achieve 3 neither 4 belief 5 field 6 deceive 7 ceiling 8 brief 9 relief 10 receipt

Word Studyeponyms 1 boycott 2 bloomers 3 saxophone 4 sideburns 5 Melba toast 6 Braille

Lesson 15

Page 26

Vowel Sounds in rule and viewPractice Note: The order of the words in each group may vary. 1 reduce 2 attitude 3 costume 4 assume 5 absolutely 6 sewer 7 New York 8 review 9 renew 10 viewpoint 11 interview 12 preview 13 value 14 continue 15 humid 16 United States 17 universe 18 rescue 19 uniform 20 reunionWrite Paragraphs will vary.

Lesson 16

Page 27

Think and PracticeAntonyms 1 rescue 2 value 3 continue 4 absolutely 5 reduce 6 assume 7 humid 8 reunion Classifying 9 New York 10 United States 11 universe 12 viewpoint 13 costume 14 interview 15 sewer 16 renew 17 attitude 18 preview 19 review 20 uniform

Strategic Spellingseeing Meaning Connections 21 newborn 22 newlywed 23 renew 24 newscaster

Pages 206–207

Survey of the StarsGreen Box Words will vary.Getting at Meaning 1 solar eclipse 2 corona 3 sunspots 4 solar flare 5 solar wind 6 light-years 7 apparent magnitude 8 absolute magnitude 9 constellation 10 asterism

Lesson 17

Page 28

Proofreading and WritingProofread for Punctuation 1 lineup.” 2 Sunday.” 3 “I 4 visitor.”Proofread a news Item

Write a news Item Responses will vary. News item should include three list words and a personal word.

Lesson 18

Page 29

Vocabulary BuildingReview Drawing Conclusions 1 United States 2 review 3 reduce 4 humid 5 New York 6 value 7 attitude 8 sewer 9 continue 10 universe

Using a DictionaryParts of an entry 1 the entry word 2 assign 3 pencil 4 definition 1 5 verb

Lessons 1–20 grAmmAr Answer Key

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Note: The exercises listed herein that follow page numbers are from Elements of Language. All other exercises are from the Lesson Manual.

Lesson 1

Page 303exercise 1 1 fragment 2 sentence; After dinner, Aunt Marie told me about the history of the shar-pei breed. 3 fragment 4 sentence; Just look at all that loose, wrinkled skin. 5 fragment 6 fragment 7 fragment 8 sentence; The little balls of fur were Queenie’s new puppies. 9 sentence; Have you ever seen such a sight as these puppies? 10 sentence; What a good time we had!

Page 304exercise 2 Answers will vary.

Lesson 4Complete Subject Exercise1 My older brother 2 The woman in the picture 3 The rules of the game

Page 305exercise 3 1 Many games 2 Tennis 3 Badminton rackets 4 Table-tennis paddles 5 Racquetball 6 citrus trees 7 fruit 8 Florida 9 California 10 the Star Ruby grapefruit

Lesson 5Complete or Fragment Sentence Exercise1 fragment; not a complete thought 2 sentence 3 fragment; missing predicate 4 sentence 5 fragment; missing subject 6 sentence

Page 304Review A Answers will vary but may include: 1 Grandmother sent us a

postcard from the Philippines. 2 It was cold at the skating rink. 3 My brother helped me with my science project. 4 I dream of being a surfer on a huge wave. 5 Howard was hungry at lunchtime. 6 It is too late for a game of checkers. 7 Is that the American Falls or the Horseshoe Falls? 8 Our family welcomed the Cuban family next door. 9 What time is your mom picking us up? 10 The governor of my state is running for president.

Pages 306–307exercise 4 1 Several tents 2 (you) 3 News 4 the flag 5 an ancient American Indian village 6 Those newspaper reporters 7 a beautiful blue bowl 8 Pecos Bill 9 The blue candles 10 some chopsticks

Lesson 6Complete and Simple Predicate ExerciseComplete simple Predicate Predicate 1 won a prize won 2 rose in the East rose 3 is hard to solve is

Simple Predicate Exercise 1 takes 2 strolled 3 found

Page 307exercise 5 1 are machines with “brains” 2 is a computer 3 look like humans 4 look like toy cars 5 explored some of the surface of Mars 6 use robots 7 may be guided by robots 8 can be done by robots 9 could clean your room 10 might like to have a robot to help with your daily chores

Page 308exercise 6 1 Our family likes different kinds of food. 2 Last night

Dad prepared spaghetti and a salad for supper. 3 Sometimes Mom makes chow mein. 4 With chow mein she serves egg rolls. 5 At the Greek bakery we buy fresh pita bread. 6 Tomorrow Erica will make German potato salad. 7 Lately, tacos have become my favorite food. 8 Carefully, I spoon grated lettuce and cheese into a tortilla. 9 After that come the other ingredients. 10 In the United States, people enjoy a wide variety of foods.

Lesson 9

Page 308exercise 7 Answers will vary.

Page 309exercise 8 1 traveled by train to Houston, Texas 2 In Houston/visited the Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center 3 displays moon rocks 4 At the center/train for their flights 5 In one room/saw several unusual computers 6 On the way home/ stopped at the Astrodome for a tour 7 covers nine-and-a-half acres of land 8 play there 9 Every year/ attracts thousands of tourists 10 Actually/had more fun at the space center

FIRsT RevIeW

Page 310exercise 9 1 am writing a report on the Liberty Bell 2 ordered the Liberty Bell 3 had made the bell in London 4 In 1752 was cracked by its own clapper 5 hid the bell from the British army 6 was not brought back to Philadelphia until 1778 7 cracked again in 1835 8 has been rung on many historic occasions 9 is exhibited in the Liberty Bell Pavilion 10 will be seeing it on our field trip to Philadelphia

Answer KeysLessons 1–20

Grammar© Holt, Rinehart and Winston

Lessons 1–20 grAmmAr Answer Key

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Lesson 10Compound Sentence Exercise1 Albert and Harry ran in the race. 2 Emma and Emily want to visit Ireland. 3 The heavy rain and large hail were frightening.

Page 311exercise 10 1 ducks, geese 2 Stars, planets 3 dolphins, people 4 Baseball, soccer 5 Eggs, flour 6 bugs, rabbits 7 Pizza, ravioli 8 balloons, horns 9 Dachshunds, Chihuahuas, Lhasa apsos, Pekingese 10 jewels, crowns

Lesson 11Compound Subject Exercise1 windows and doors 2 George and Meg 3 Idaho and Nevada 4 sweaters and boots

Page 312exercise 11 1 left, arrived 2 received, made 3 practices, writes 4 set, peel 5 asked, received 6 gathered, headed 7 gave, recited 8 will call, postpone 9 remembered, forgot 10 has closed, will reopen

Pages 312–313exercise 12 Answers will vary.

Lesson 14

Page 791exercise 11

family goes

We shop

I select

Grandma López must have written

Rosita is buying

2

3

4

5

Pages 792–793exercise 21

2

3

4

5

Lesson 15

Page 317exercise 14 1 period—imperative 2 exclamation point—exclamatory 3 question mark—interrogative 4 period—imperative 5 period—declarative 6 exclamation point—exclamatory 7 period—declarative 8 question mark—interrogative 9 period—declarative 10 question mark—interrogative

Pages 317–318Review e 1 period—declarative 2 period—declarative 3 period—declarative 4 exclamation point—exclamatory 5 period or exclamation point—imperative 6 question mark—interrogative 7 period—declarative 8 exclamation point—exclamatory 9 question mark—interrogative 10 period—imperative

Lesson 16Simple Subject and Predicate Diagramming Exercise2

Jacob saw

3

Earl ran

4

Eloise cried

Compound Subject and Predicate Diagramming Exercise2

Billy

and

Robert

walked

3

4

Page 794exercise 3 1

(you) Eat

you Do know

driver is going

(you) help

they are standing

2

3

4

5

Imperative Sentence Diagramming Exercise1

(you) Wait

2

(you) Sit

played

and

laughed

Philip

entered

and

gasped

Mary

Lessons 1–20 grAmmAr Answer Key

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Lesson 19

Pages 324–325exercise 2 1 picture—common; Snow Festival, Sapporo—proper 2 groups, sculptures, snow—common 3 statues, buildings—common 4 Statue of Liberty—proper; snow—common 5 city—common; Kyoto, June—proper; parade, spears—common 6 fair—common; Tokyo—proper; radishes—common 7 villages—common; Feast of the Lanterns—proper 8 Toshiro—proper; town—common; Star Festival—proper; summer—common 9 flowers, iris, lily, days—common 10 birthday—common; Buddha, April—proper

Pages 327–328Review A 1 Powell—proper; leader—common; Joint Chiefs of Staff—proper 2 Powell—proper; officers—common; United States—proper 3 photo, soldiers—common; Persian Gulf War—proper 4 troops, general—common 5 Powell, Bronx—proper; neighborhood—common; New York City—proper 6 parents—common; United States, Jamaica—proper 7 Powell, City College of New York—proper 8 Reserve Officers’ Training Corps—proper 9 Powell, Purple Heart, Vietnam War—proper 10 speeches, students, high school—common

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Page 313Review B 1 you- s.; may recognize- v. 2 people- s.; think- v. 3 Ray Charles- s.; is called- v. 4 He- s.; lost, became- v. 5 misfortune, trouble- s.; did stop- v. 6 genius- s.; turned- v. 7 songs- s.; are heard- v. 8 songs- s.; do contain- v. 9 gospel, jazz, blues, pop- s.; are- v. 10 style, performances- s.; have drawn- v.

Page 315Review C 1 subj.- These creatures; pred.- are known as Yeti in the Himalayas and as Rakshas in Katmandu 2 subj.- American Indians of the Northwest; pred.- call them Mammoth 3 subj.- Sasquatch and Bigfoot; pred.- are other common names for these mysterious creatures 4 subj.- they; pred.- Since 1818, have been seen and described by people in the United States and Canada 5 subj.- Bigfoot adults; pred.- According to most accounts, are very strong and large and smell very bad 6 subj.- Their huge footprints; pred.- have been measured and cast in plaster by eager searchers 7 subj.- these reports and bits of evidence; pred.- However, generally do not convince scientists 8 subj.- Not one live Bigfoot; pred.- has ever been captured by either scientists or the general public 9 subj.- the Bigfoot; pred.- As a result, is simply a fantasy to most people 10 subj.- whole families of these shy creatures; pred.- Still, in pockets of deep wilderness across the country might live

Lessons 1–20 Composition Answer Key

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Lesson 8

Page 289exercise 6 1 First, Next, and, After, Finally 2 but, hair, When, However, As a result

Lesson 10

Pages 19–20

Reading Selection 1 Rosa Parks boards the Cleveland Avenue bus to go home after work. 2 The student may think that the order could not be switched because events in the second paragraph happen after events in the first paragraph. 3 The student may say the driver told the black passengers to give up their seats because all the “white seats” were filled and he did not want to let black passengers sit while the white passengers stood. 4 The bus driver needed one seat. 5 The student may say that the bus driver was bossy or prejudiced toward African Americans. 6 The student may infer that Parks was tired of giving in to the unfair practice of segregation and could not accept such discrimination any longer without protesting it.

Page 296

Review ASample response: Once upon a time, there was a boy named Himderella. He lived in a lonely castle with his wicked baby brothers, who constantly made fun of him. Then, one day, Himderella was invited to a ball given by the Princess Meow Meow, who ruled all the kingdom. Princess Meow Meow was a star triathlete, so Himderella knew he would have to work hard to impress her. Every day, he trained in his spare time by

running, swimming, and cycling. When the day of the ball arrived, Himderella snuck out the back door and confidently rode up to Princess Meow Meow’s on his sporty mountain bike.

Lesson 12

Page 263exercise 1 1 S 2 F 3 F 4 F 5 S

Page 266exercise 3 1 People constantly search for faster ways to communicate, and the Internet is one tool that helps people share information quickly. 2 C 3 The Internet has changed a great deal since then. Now it can be used by almost anyone who uses a computer. 4 The first e-mail program was invented in 1972. E-mail is a way to send messages from one computer to another. 5 C 6 The scientists planned to use the Web to share research with scientists in other parts of the world, but the new invention soon interested businesses and government organizations. 7 The programs that make the Internet and the World Wide Web work are very complicated, but they are not hard to use. 8 C 9 C 10 Many sites on the World Wide Web focus on school subjects, news, and hobbies. These sites can be useful sources of information.

Lesson 13

Pages 276–277Review C Sentences 2 and 6 are sentence fragments. Sentence 8 is a run-on sentence. Sentences 7 and 13 are stringy sentences. Revisions will vary.

Lesson 18

Page 31

Mini-Lesson Critical Thinking Practice 1 alarm goes off at 6:00 A.M. 2 hit the snooze button 3 look at the clock, it is 6:50 A.M. 4 jump out of bed 5 take a shower 6 get dressed, it is 6:55 A.M. 7 grab my books, it is 6:59 A.M. 8 get on the bus at 7:00 A.M. 9 breathe a sigh of relief, “I barely made it!”

Answer KeysLessons 1–20

Composition© Holt, Rinehart and Winston

Lessons 1–20 Computer sKiLLs Answer Key

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ACTIvITy 1

Computer Components(Computer Skills Lesson 4)

Term Definition

input devices Translate the analog information you enter into binary code so that the processor can understand what you want .

binary code Numerical representation of information using 1s and 0s .

hard drive Storage device inside the main computer body that includes both the part that does the saving and the medium where information is stored .

output devices Translate binary code information from the processor into analog information you can understand .

CD-ROM Acronym for “Compact Disc Read-Only Memory,” designed to store electronic data .

data storage devices

Save information you have entered into or created with the computer .

disc drive Data storage device that saves the information using a medium .

analog information Electronic communication made of sound and light waves .

Component Input Device Output Device

microphone

scanner

printer

keyboard

speakers

headphones

monitor

mouse

Lesson 81 roads, sports, schools, families, etc. 2 to protect people’s safety, to keep order, etc.

Lesson 13Keyboarding Test Model (Teacher)(See the model at the end of this answer key section).

ACTIvITy 6

Creating Program Menus(Computer Skills Lesson 15)Write what your program will do: The student should describe how an Internet service provider would function to find information on fossils.1 The student should create an icon that reflects accessing the internet.2 your program menu choices: File menu Format menu Edit menu Tools menu View menu Table menu Data menu Help menu 3 Accept reasonable answers. 4 Sample drawing:

ACTIvITy 7

Software and Society(Computer Skills Lesson 18)See possible answers based on database software.Write your computer application: Database softwaresource: Lund, Cherlyn. Databases in Society. New York: Lupine Press, 1999.Application Use: Search engines are popular databases used on the World Wide Web. People use database programs at jobs, such as to log employee hours. Stores organize their things for sale by using an inventory database program. Student grades and records are often kept in databases.source: www.databaseuse.comApplication Use: Databases help people organize information very quickly. A long time ago, before database programs were made, it took people many more hours to update and organize information. Now many home computers have database programs. They are easy to work with and have many uses.

Answer KeysLessons 1–20

Computer Skills

Lessons 1–20 Computer sKiLLs Answer Key

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Lesson 13Keyboarding Test Model (Teacher)Use the model below to calculate your student’s score. Mark the first ten errors, and then stop (students must stay at or above 80% accuracy). Use the numbers in the column to the right to count the words in each corresponding line. Use the numbers in the row below the text to count words in an incomplete line. Divide the total number by five to find the student’s word-per-minute typing rate. Note: line breaks may vary.

102131425362728494105117127138148159168178187197208220230242253266277286

Question 1: What kinds of things have you done using database software?Response 1: I have used the database in the library to look up information. My family has a program at home that we use to organize our friends’ and relatives’ addresses and phone numbers.Response 2: I used a database on the library’s computer just yesterday to look up information about a book.Question 2: Would you rather use traditional ways to organize large amounts of data, or use database software?Response 1: I would rather use a database instead of going through a bunch of paper or taking a lot of time to look for something. At the DVD store, they have a database where they can look up movies, which is much easier than going to the shelf to look for a movie!

Response 2: Most of the time I’d rather use database software. One example when I wouldn’t want to is when I want to look up someone’s phone number. It’s quicker to look it up in the phone book instead of calling Information and asking them to look up a phone number in their computer database.Question 3: Can you think of a way you might use a database in the future?Response 1: I might use an online database (search engine) to find information on the Internet.Response 2: I could shop online, using the store’s database to help me find the product I want Choose a task: making an address bookWrite three sentences. Answers will vary.